Article information
Resumen
Durante la última década se ha indicado que la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) podría favorecer la aparición de cardiopatía isquémica. Varios estudios observacionales y de casos y controles han confirmado que los pacientes con EPOC tienen un riesgo mayor de presentar trastornos cardiovasculares. Sin embargo, este riesgo aumentado podría justificarse en gran parte por una prevalencia mayor de factores de riesgo clásicos. Actualmente, no hay datos que permitan establecer una relación de causalidad entre la EPOC y las enfermedades cardiovasculares, y el concepto de inflamación sistémica como mecanismo patogénico común no está demostrado. Tampoco hay suficiente evidencia para poder afirmar que ciertos fármacos, como estatinas o corticoides inhalados, a través de una reducción de la inflamación sistémica, puedan incidir de forma favorable en el riesgo cardiovascular del paciente con EPOC. Actualmente, sólo deben recomendarse cuando el paciente presente una situación específica que aconseje su uso.
Palabras clave:
Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica
Enfermedad cardiovascular
Inflamación sistémica
Abstract
In the last decade, various studies have suggested that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) could favor the development of ischemic heart disease. Several observational and case-control studies have confirmed that patients with COPD have a higher risk of cardiovascular disorders. However, this increased risk could be largely explained by a greater prevalence of classical risk factors. Currently, there are no data to indicate a causal relation between COPD and cardiovascular disease and the concept of systemic inflammation as a common pathogenic mechanism has not been demonstrated. Equally, there is insufficient evidence to conclude that some drugs, such as statins or inhaled corticoids, could decrease cardiovascular risk in patients with COPD by reducing systemic inflammation. Currently, these drugs should only be recommended if patients show specific indications for their use.
Keywords:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cardiovascular disease
Systemic inflammation
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