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Vol. 61. Issue 8.
Pages 475-483 (August 2025)
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Vol. 61. Issue 8.
Pages 475-483 (August 2025)
Original Article
Association of Forced Expiratory Volume in 0.5s With All-Cause Mortality Risk in Adults
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Fan Wua,b,1,
, Juncheng Liangc,1, Ranxi Pengd,1, Jie Oue,1, Shiyu Zhangf, Leheng Tangf, Qiaorui Zhouf, Siman Liaoc, Yingtong Chenf, Xiaozi Guoc, Jingxian Chenc, Qi Wana, Zihui Wanga, Zhishan Denga, Yumin Zhoua,b,
a State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease & National Center for Respiratory Medicine & Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
b Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
c The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
d The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
e State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, China
f The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
Highlights

  • This study aims to investigate the associations between FEV0.5 and all-cause mortality in adults.

  • Overall, 25,357 individuals were included, with a median follow-up of 308 months. A reduction in FEV0.5 was associated with an increased all-cause mortality risk. The results were maintained in subgroups analyses.

  • A non-linear relationship was observed between FEV0.5 and all-cause mortality risk.

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Tables (3)
Table 1. Baseline Characteristic of Participants Included in This Study.
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Table 2. Associations Between Pre-Bronchodilator Forced Expiratory Volume in 0.5s and Risk of All-Cause Mortality.
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Table 3. Association Between Comorbidity and Chronic Respiratory Symptoms and Pre-Bronchodilator Forced Expiratory Volume in 0.5s.
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Additional material (1)
Abstract
Introduction

Previous studies have proposed forced expiratory volume in 0.5s (FEV0.5) to determine health outcomes in infants and young children, but few studies exist in adults. This study aims to investigate the associations between FEV0.5 and all-cause mortality in adults.

Methods

Participants were enrolled from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1988–1994 [NHANES III] and 2007–2012 cycles). Participants aged20 years, not pregnant with qualifying prebronchodilator FEV0.5 data, acceptable spirometry, complete body measurements, and follow-up data for mortality were included. The association between FEV0.5 and all-cause mortality risk was evaluated by multivariable Cox regression. Restricted cubic spline analysis was used to evaluate the non-linear relationship between FEV0.5 and all-cause mortality. Subgroup analyses were conducted with stratification by sex, age, body mass index, smoking status, and race.

Results

Overall, 25,357 individuals were included, with a median follow-up of 308 months. The mean±standard deviation age was 46.1±7.2 years, and the mean prebronchodilator FEV0.5 was 2412±699mL. A reduction in FEV0.5 was associated with an increased all-cause mortality risk. A non-linear relationship was observed between FEV0.5 and all-cause mortality risk. The results were maintained in subgroups analyses.

Conclusion

FEV0.5 was inversely associated with all-cause mortality risk in adults, indicating its potential for monitoring respiratory health.

Keywords:
Forced expiratory volume in 0.5s
Respiratory health outcome
Adult
All-cause mortality
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