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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Investigar la capacidad de los pacientes con asma estable de reconocer la mejor&#237;a de su obstrucci&#243;n bronquial con el tratamiento</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todo</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Seleccionamos a 75 asm&#225;ticos estables &#40;44 mujeres y 31 varones&#44; con una media de edad de 43 &#177; 17 a&#241;os&#41;&#44; que refer&#237;an sentir disnea basal en la escala modificada de Borg&#44; y les provocamos en el laboratorio una broncodilataci&#243;n aguda del 15&#37;&#59; en esta situaci&#243;n los pacientes fueron interrogados acerca del cambio de disnea experimentado</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">1&#46; Globalmente&#44; 19 asm&#225;ticos &#40;25&#37;&#41; no percibieron mejor&#237;a de su disnea con la broncodilataci&#243;n&#46; 2&#46; La media del cambio en el nivel de disnea fue de 1&#44;17 &#177; 1&#44;11&#59; sin embargo&#44; este cambio fue mayor en los pacientes con asma m&#225;s grave&#58; 0&#44;60 &#177; 0&#44;5 en los asm&#225;ticos leves&#44; 1&#44;05 &#177; 1&#44;07 en los moderados y 1&#44;93 &#177; 1&#44;4 en los graves &#40;p &#60; 0&#44;0001&#41;&#46; 3&#46; La percepci&#243;n de mejor&#237;a se correlacion&#243; significativamente con el nivel de equilibrio emocional del paciente &#40;ansiedad-depresi&#243;n&#41;&#44; la calidad de vida&#44; la educaci&#243;n&#44; el nivel econ&#243;mico&#44; la edad&#44; la edad de inicio de la enfermedad&#44; la gravedad del asma&#44; disnea y obstrucci&#243;n basales&#44; la opresi&#243;n tor&#225;cica y el n&#250;mero de consultas m&#233;dicas realizadas en el a&#241;o precedente&#46; 4&#46; Las variables introducidas en el modelo de regresi&#243;n &#40;pasos sucesivos&#41; fueron&#58; disnea basal&#44; depresi&#243;n&#44; opresi&#243;n tor&#225;cica y edad&#46; 5&#46; En general&#44; los asm&#225;ticos j&#243;venes cuya asma se inici&#243; a una edad m&#225;s temprana y que&#44; adem&#225;s&#44; tienen menor obstrucci&#243;n ventilatoria y mejor calidad de vida&#44; presentan tendencia a infravalorar el efecto beneficioso del tratamiento broncodilatador&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; cuando el asma es grave&#44; estos individuos no perceptores de mejor&#237;a presentan significativamente m&#225;s ingresos en cuidados intensivos por agudizaciones asm&#225;ticas</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El 25&#37; de nuestros asm&#225;ticos no es capaz de reconocer que sus bronquios se dilatan como resultado del tratamiento&#44; motivo por el cual ante una agudizaci&#243;n podr&#237;an retrasar el inicio de la medicaci&#243;n de rescate&#46; Es aconsejable identificar a estos pacientes para establecer las pautas terap&#233;uticas en funci&#243;n de criterios domiciliarios meramente objetivos &#40;monitorizaci&#243;n picoflujo&#41;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of patients with stable asthma to recognize improvement in bronchial obstruction with treatment&#46; We enrolled 75 stable asthmatics &#40;44 women and 31 men&#44; mean age 43 &#177; 17 years&#41; who reported baseline dyspnea on a modified Borg scale&#46; Acute bronchodilation of 15&#37; was provoked in the laboratory&#44; after which the patients were asked if there was a change in dyspnea&#46; Our results were as follows&#46; 1&#41; Overall&#44; 19 asthmatics &#40;25&#37;&#41; failed to perceive improvement in dyspnea with bronchodilation&#46; 2&#41; The mean change in dyspnea was 1&#46;17 &#177; 1&#46;11&#44; although the change was greater in patients with more severe asthma &#40;0&#46;60 &#177; 0&#46;5 for mild asthmatics&#44; 1&#46;05 &#177; 1&#46;07 for moderate asthmatics and 1&#46;93 &#177; 1&#46;4 for severe asthmatics&#59; p &#60; 0&#46;0001&#41;&#46; 3&#41; Perception of improvement was significantly related to level of the patient&#39;s emotional balance &#40;anxiety-depression&#41;&#44; quality of life&#44; education&#44; socioeconomic level&#44; age&#44; age of onset&#44; severity&#44; baseline dyspnea and obstruction&#44; thoracic pressure and number of visits to the doctor in the preceding year&#46; 4&#41; The variables entered into the stepwise regression model were baseline dyspnea&#44; depression&#44; thoracic pressure and age&#46; 5&#41; Generally&#44; young asthmatics whose disease appeared at a younger age and who also had less ventilatory obstruction and greater quality of life&#44; showed a tendency to underestimate the beneficial effect of bronchodilator treatment&#46; Moreover&#44; when asthma was severe&#44; non-perceptive individuals had significantly more admissions to intensive care units due to asthma exacerbation</p><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion&#44; 25&#37; of our asthmatics are unable to recognize whether their bronchia dilate as a result of treatment&#44; meaning that they would delay the start of rescue medication during an exacerbation&#46; Such patients should be identified in order to establish therapeutic guidelines in function of objective home criteria &#40;peak-flow monitoring&#41;</p>"
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Vol. 38. Issue 10.
Pages 468-472 (October 2002)
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Vol. 38. Issue 10.
Pages 468-472 (October 2002)
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Percepción de mejoría en los pacientes con asma
Perception of improvement in asthma patients
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8229
E. Martínez-Moragóna,
Corresponding author
emm01v@nacom.es

Correspondencia: Avda. Pérez Galdós, 12–10. 46007 Valencia
, A. Bellochb
a Servicios de Neumología. Hospital de Sagunto y Hospital Universitario La Fe. Valencia
b Servicios de Neumología. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos de la Facultad de Psicología. Universidad de Valencia
M. Perpiñá, A. De Diego, M.E. Martínez-Francés
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Objetivo

Investigar la capacidad de los pacientes con asma estable de reconocer la mejoría de su obstrucción bronquial con el tratamiento

Método

Seleccionamos a 75 asmáticos estables (44 mujeres y 31 varones, con una media de edad de 43 ± 17 años), que referían sentir disnea basal en la escala modificada de Borg, y les provocamos en el laboratorio una broncodilatación aguda del 15%; en esta situación los pacientes fueron interrogados acerca del cambio de disnea experimentado

Resultados

1. Globalmente, 19 asmáticos (25%) no percibieron mejoría de su disnea con la broncodilatación. 2. La media del cambio en el nivel de disnea fue de 1,17 ± 1,11; sin embargo, este cambio fue mayor en los pacientes con asma más grave: 0,60 ± 0,5 en los asmáticos leves, 1,05 ± 1,07 en los moderados y 1,93 ± 1,4 en los graves (p < 0,0001). 3. La percepción de mejoría se correlacionó significativamente con el nivel de equilibrio emocional del paciente (ansiedad-depresión), la calidad de vida, la educación, el nivel económico, la edad, la edad de inicio de la enfermedad, la gravedad del asma, disnea y obstrucción basales, la opresión torácica y el número de consultas médicas realizadas en el año precedente. 4. Las variables introducidas en el modelo de regresión (pasos sucesivos) fueron: disnea basal, depresión, opresión torácica y edad. 5. En general, los asmáticos jóvenes cuya asma se inició a una edad más temprana y que, además, tienen menor obstrucción ventilatoria y mejor calidad de vida, presentan tendencia a infravalorar el efecto beneficioso del tratamiento broncodilatador. Además, cuando el asma es grave, estos individuos no perceptores de mejoría presentan significativamente más ingresos en cuidados intensivos por agudizaciones asmáticas

Conclusion

El 25% de nuestros asmáticos no es capaz de reconocer que sus bronquios se dilatan como resultado del tratamiento, motivo por el cual ante una agudización podrían retrasar el inicio de la medicación de rescate. Es aconsejable identificar a estos pacientes para establecer las pautas terapéuticas en función de criterios domiciliarios meramente objetivos (monitorización picoflujo)

Palabras clave:
Disnea
Asma
Percepción
Mejoría
Broncodilatación aguda

The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of patients with stable asthma to recognize improvement in bronchial obstruction with treatment. We enrolled 75 stable asthmatics (44 women and 31 men, mean age 43 ± 17 years) who reported baseline dyspnea on a modified Borg scale. Acute bronchodilation of 15% was provoked in the laboratory, after which the patients were asked if there was a change in dyspnea. Our results were as follows. 1) Overall, 19 asthmatics (25%) failed to perceive improvement in dyspnea with bronchodilation. 2) The mean change in dyspnea was 1.17 ± 1.11, although the change was greater in patients with more severe asthma (0.60 ± 0.5 for mild asthmatics, 1.05 ± 1.07 for moderate asthmatics and 1.93 ± 1.4 for severe asthmatics; p < 0.0001). 3) Perception of improvement was significantly related to level of the patient's emotional balance (anxiety-depression), quality of life, education, socioeconomic level, age, age of onset, severity, baseline dyspnea and obstruction, thoracic pressure and number of visits to the doctor in the preceding year. 4) The variables entered into the stepwise regression model were baseline dyspnea, depression, thoracic pressure and age. 5) Generally, young asthmatics whose disease appeared at a younger age and who also had less ventilatory obstruction and greater quality of life, showed a tendency to underestimate the beneficial effect of bronchodilator treatment. Moreover, when asthma was severe, non-perceptive individuals had significantly more admissions to intensive care units due to asthma exacerbation

In conclusion, 25% of our asthmatics are unable to recognize whether their bronchia dilate as a result of treatment, meaning that they would delay the start of rescue medication during an exacerbation. Such patients should be identified in order to establish therapeutic guidelines in function of objective home criteria (peak-flow monitoring)

Key words:
Dyspnea
Asthma
Perception
Improvement
Acute bronchodilation
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Copyright © 2002. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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