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    "titulo" => "Neumonía adquirida en la comunidad. Fiabilidad de los criterios para decidir tratamiento ambulatorio"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El objetivo de este estudio ha sido verificar si los criterios para no ingresar a los pacientes con neumon&#237;a adquirida en la comunidad &#40;NAC&#41;&#44; diagnosticados en el servicio de urgencias&#44; eran correctos&#44; as&#237; como conocer las caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas&#44; etiolog&#237;a y evoluci&#243;n de estas NAC&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Durante un a&#241;o se hizo un estudio prospectivo&#44; protocolizado de las NAC en pacientes adultos e inmunocompetentes&#44; diagnosticados en el servicio de urgencias de nuestro hospital&#44; que no requer&#237;an ingreso hospitalario seg&#250;n las recomendaciones de la Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Patolog&#237;a del Aparato Respiratorio &#40;SEPAR&#41;&#46; A todos los pacientes se les efectu&#243; una anamnesis&#44; radiograf&#237;a de t&#243;rax y anal&#237;tica general&#46; Para el estudio microbiol&#243;gico se emplearon hemocultivos y serolog&#237;a frente a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Legionella pneumophila&#44; Mycoplasma pneumoniae&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Coxiella burnetii</span>&#44; Chlamydia pneumoniae&#44; Chlamydia psittaci</span> y virus influenza A y B&#46; Los pacientes fueron tratados con eritromicina durante 14 d&#237;as&#44; y controlados por el neum&#243;logo ambulatorio con visitas peri&#243;dicas hasta la curaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica y radiol&#243;gica&#46;</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se incluyeron 106 pacientes&#46; La edad media fue 36 &#177; 13 a&#241;os&#46; S&#243;lo 3 sujetos requirieron el ingreso hospitalario con una buena evoluci&#243;n posterior&#46; Los datos cl&#237;nicos m&#225;s relevantes fueron la fiebre&#44; 106 &#40;100&#37;&#41; y la tos&#44; 83 &#40;78&#37;&#41;&#46; En 46 &#40;43&#44;4&#37;&#41; la auscultaci&#243;n pulmonar fue normal&#46; El diagn&#243;stico microbiol&#243;gico se consigui&#243; en 28 pacientes &#40;26&#44;4&#37;&#41;&#44; siendo <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Coxiella burnetii</span> el agente hallado en mayor n&#250;mero de casos&#44; 19 &#40;17&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#46; La evoluci&#243;n fue muy buena&#44; siendo la curaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica mucho m&#225;s r&#225;pida que la radiol&#243;gica&#46;</p><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los criterios recomendados por la SEPAR para el ingreso de pacientes con NAC son correctos&#46; Las caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas de estos pacientes fueron inespec&#237;ficas&#44; siendo destacable el elevado n&#250;mero de casos con exploraci&#243;n tor&#225;cica normal&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Coxiella burnetii</span> fue el agente etiol&#243;gico m&#225;s frecuente&#46; La evoluci&#243;n fue excelente tanto cl&#237;nica como radiol&#243;gicamente&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To determine whether criteria for not admitting community-acquired pneumonia &#40;CAP&#41; patients diagnosed in the emergency room are appropriate&#44; and to characterize the symptoms&#44; etiology and course of CAP&#46;</p><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This one-year prospective&#44; protocol study of immunocompetent CAP patients diagnosed in the emergency room of our hospital enrolled patients not considered to require hospital admission according to the recommendations of the Spanish Society of Respiratory Disease &#40;SEPAR&#41;&#46; Medical histories&#44; chest <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">X</span>-rays and blood analysis were obtained for all patients&#46; Blood cultures were analyzed for antibodies against <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Legionella pneumophila&#44; Mycoplasma pneumoniae&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Coxiella burnetii</span>&#44; Chlamydia pneumoniae&#44; Chlamydia psittaci</span> and influenza virus types A and B&#46; The patients received erythromycin for 14 days and were regularly checked by the pulmonologist in the outpatient clinic until signs and symptoms had disappeared&#46;</p><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">One hundred six patients were enrolled&#46; Mean age was 36 &#177; 13 years&#46; Only 3 patients had to be admitted to hospital&#44; after which outcome was good&#46; The main symptoms were fever &#40;106&#44; 100&#37;&#41; and cough &#40;83&#44; 78&#37;&#41;&#46; In 46 &#40;43&#46;4&#37;&#41; chest sounds were normal&#46; Microbiologic diagnoses were achieved for 28 &#40;26&#46;4&#37;&#41; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Coxiella burnetii</span> was the agent most often found &#40;19&#44; 17&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#46; Outcome was good in all cases&#44; with faster disappearance of symptoms than of radiological signs&#46;</p><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The SEPAR criteria for admitting patients with CAP are appropriate&#46; The clinical symptoms of such patients are non specific&#44; a noteworthy finding being that many patients had normal chest sounds&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Coxiella burnetii</span> was the most common causative agent&#46; Both clinical and radiological outcomes were excellent&#46;</p></span>"
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Vol. 33. Issue 2.
Pages 74-79 (February 1997)
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Vol. 33. Issue 2.
Pages 74-79 (February 1997)
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Neumonía adquirida en la comunidad. Fiabilidad de los criterios para decidir tratamiento ambulatorio
Community acquired pneumonía. Reliability of outpatient treatment criteria
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4149
R. Zalacain1, N. Talayero, V. Achótegui, V. Sobradillo
Servicios de Neumología, Hospital de Cruces. Barakaldo. Vizcaya
J. Corral*, I. Barreña**
* Servicios de Microbiología, Hospital de Cruces. Barakaldo. Vizcaya
** Servicios de Urgencias. Hospital de Cruces. Barakaldo. Vizcaya
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El objetivo de este estudio ha sido verificar si los criterios para no ingresar a los pacientes con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC), diagnosticados en el servicio de urgencias, eran correctos, así como conocer las características clínicas, etiología y evolución de estas NAC.

Durante un año se hizo un estudio prospectivo, protocolizado de las NAC en pacientes adultos e inmunocompetentes, diagnosticados en el servicio de urgencias de nuestro hospital, que no requerían ingreso hospitalario según las recomendaciones de la Sociedad Española de Patología del Aparato Respiratorio (SEPAR). A todos los pacientes se les efectuó una anamnesis, radiografía de tórax y analítica general. Para el estudio microbiológico se emplearon hemocultivos y serología frente a Legionella pneumophila, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Chlamydia psittaci y virus influenza A y B. Los pacientes fueron tratados con eritromicina durante 14 días, y controlados por el neumólogo ambulatorio con visitas periódicas hasta la curación clínica y radiológica.

Se incluyeron 106 pacientes. La edad media fue 36 ± 13 años. Sólo 3 sujetos requirieron el ingreso hospitalario con una buena evolución posterior. Los datos clínicos más relevantes fueron la fiebre, 106 (100%) y la tos, 83 (78%). En 46 (43,4%) la auscultación pulmonar fue normal. El diagnóstico microbiológico se consiguió en 28 pacientes (26,4%), siendo Coxiella burnetii el agente hallado en mayor número de casos, 19 (17,9%). La evolución fue muy buena, siendo la curación clínica mucho más rápida que la radiológica.

Los criterios recomendados por la SEPAR para el ingreso de pacientes con NAC son correctos. Las características clínicas de estos pacientes fueron inespecíficas, siendo destacable el elevado número de casos con exploración torácica normal. Coxiella burnetii fue el agente etiológico más frecuente. La evolución fue excelente tanto clínica como radiológicamente.

Palabras clave:
Neumonía adquirida en la comunidad
Tratamiento ambulatorio

To determine whether criteria for not admitting community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients diagnosed in the emergency room are appropriate, and to characterize the symptoms, etiology and course of CAP.

This one-year prospective, protocol study of immunocompetent CAP patients diagnosed in the emergency room of our hospital enrolled patients not considered to require hospital admission according to the recommendations of the Spanish Society of Respiratory Disease (SEPAR). Medical histories, chest X-rays and blood analysis were obtained for all patients. Blood cultures were analyzed for antibodies against Legionella pneumophila, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Chlamydia psittaci and influenza virus types A and B. The patients received erythromycin for 14 days and were regularly checked by the pulmonologist in the outpatient clinic until signs and symptoms had disappeared.

One hundred six patients were enrolled. Mean age was 36 ± 13 years. Only 3 patients had to be admitted to hospital, after which outcome was good. The main symptoms were fever (106, 100%) and cough (83, 78%). In 46 (43.4%) chest sounds were normal. Microbiologic diagnoses were achieved for 28 (26.4%) and Coxiella burnetii was the agent most often found (19, 17.9%). Outcome was good in all cases, with faster disappearance of symptoms than of radiological signs.

The SEPAR criteria for admitting patients with CAP are appropriate. The clinical symptoms of such patients are non specific, a noteworthy finding being that many patients had normal chest sounds. Coxiella burnetii was the most common causative agent. Both clinical and radiological outcomes were excellent.

Key words:
Community-acquired pneumonia
Outpatient treatment
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Copyright © 1997. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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