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Vol. 33. Issue 11.
Pages 556-560 (December 1997)
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Vol. 33. Issue 11.
Pages 556-560 (December 1997)
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Factores relacionados con la rentabilidad diagnóstica de la biopsia bronquial en el carcinoma broncogénico primario
Factors related to diagnostic reliability of bronchial biopsy in primary bronchogenic carcinoma
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J.V. Greses*, J.J. Soler, M. Perpiñá, J. Sanchís
Servicios de Neumología, Hospital Universitario La Fe. Valencia
F. Veraa
a Anatomía Patológica. Hospital Universitario La Fe. Valencia
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El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar la influencia relativa que ejercen algunos factores en la rentabilidad diagnóstica de la biopsia bronquial (BB), en el carcinoma broncogénico (CB), evaluando, entre otros, aspectos relacionados con la clínica del enfermo, con las características tumorales y con la experiencia del endoscopista que practica la técnica o el patólogo que examina la muestra.

Se han revisado 184 BB pertenecientes a 151 pacientes diagnosticados de CB, en nuestro centro, durante 1993-1994. Inicialmente realizamos un análisis univariado y, con posterioridad, una regresión logística, tomando como variable dependiente la positividad o negatividad de la BB, y como variables independientes la edad, sexo, tamaño tumoral, estado clínico, tipo de lesión bronquial, localización de la lesión, estadio tumoral, histología, necrosis de la lesión, número de fragmentos biópsicos recogidos, tamaño del mayor de los fragmentos, autor de la BB y patólogo que la informó.

La sensibilidad diagnóstica de la BB fue del 69,6%. Las variables que influyeron de forma significativa en la rentabilidad de la misma, tanto en el análisis univariado previo, como en la regresión logística posterior, fueron el estado clínico (p<0,0004) y la necrosis (p<0,0057) con una odds ratio de 4,6088 y 0,3766, respectivamente.

El estado clínico del enfermo y la presencia o ausencia de necrosis son los factores que más influyen en la rentabilidad diagnóstica de la BB, en el CB. La probabilidad de obtener un resultado diagnóstico resulta ser 4,6 y 2,7 veces superior ante la presencia de una mayor gravedad en el estado clínico y en ausencia de necrosis, respectivamente. La experiencia del broncoscopista tras un cierto período de aprendizaje y el patólogo que examina la muestra, no parecen ser factores decisivos en la rentabilidad diagnóstica de esta técnica.

Palabras clave:
Biopsia bronquial
Cáncer de pulmón
Regresión logística

To analyze the diagnostic reliability of bronchial biopsy (BB) in bronchogenic carcinoma and the impact of several factors, among them patient symptoms and condition, tumor characteristics and the endoscopist's and pathologist's experience.

One hundred eighty-four BB from 151 patients diagnosed of bronchogenic carcinoma in our hospital in the years 1993 and 1994 were reviewed. We first performed single variable analysis, and later logistical regression analysis taking BB positivity or negativity as the dependent variable. The independent variables were age, tumor stage, histological type, lesion necrosis, number of biopsy fragments collected, size of the largest fragment, the endoscopist who performed the BB and the pathologist who studied the specimen.

The diagnosis sensitivity of BB was 69.6%. The variables that significantly influenced diagnostic accuracy, in both the single variable and multiple factorial analyses, were clinical status (p<0.0004) and necrosis (p<0.0057) with odds ratios of 4.6088 and 0.3766, respectively.

The patient's clinical status and the presence or abscence of necrosis are the factors that most influence diagnostic accuracy in BB for bronchogenic carcinoma. The likelihood of obtaining a diagnosis is 4.6 greater when clinical status is severe, and 2.7 times greater in the absence of necrosis. The experience of the bronchoscopist, after a learning period, and of the examining pathologist, do not appear to have a decisive effect on diagnostic reliability in this technique.

Key words:
Bronchial biopsy
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Multiple factorial analyses
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Copyright © 1997. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
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