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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introducci&#243;n</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La s&#237;lice&#44; en 1997&#44; fue incluida en el grupo 1 &#40;carcin&#243;geno demostrado en humanos&#41; de la International Agency for Research on Cancer &#40;IARC&#41;&#46; Sin embargo&#44; los resultados discrepantes de diferentes estudios hacen que persista el debate sobre su poder carcin&#243;geno&#44; y el inter&#233;s de este debate estriba en el gran n&#250;mero de trabajadores expuestos a la s&#237;lice&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Analizar las caracter&#237;sticas diferenciales en los casos incidentes de c&#225;ncer de pulm&#243;n entre individuos expuestos a la s&#237;lice y los no expuestos que podr&#237;an sugerir&#44; de manera indirecta&#44; alg&#250;n efecto carcinog&#233;nico de la s&#237;lice&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se recogen datos de historia laboral&#44; edad&#44; h&#225;bito tab&#225;quico&#44; espirometr&#237;a&#44; presencia de neumoconiosis y tipo histol&#243;gico de los casos de c&#225;ncer de pulm&#243;n primario&#44; en varones diagnosticados durante 22 meses consecutivos en el Instituto Nacional de Silicosis&#46; Se compararon estas variables en funci&#243;n de la exposici&#243;n a la s&#237;lice&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La comparaci&#243;n de las diferentes variables entre el grupo de pacientes con historia de exposici&#243;n a la s&#237;lice y el grupo sin exposici&#243;n demostr&#243; diferencias significativas en la edad &#40;63&#44;7 &#177; 8&#44;8 y 66&#44;7 &#177; 8&#44;6 a&#241;os&#44; respectivamente&#59; p&#60;0&#44;05&#41;&#44; el consumo de tabaco &#40;44&#44;1 &#177; 22&#44;4 y 48&#44;9 &#177; 22&#44;3 paquetesa&#241;o&#59; p&#60;0&#44;05&#41; y la presencia de un &#237;ndice de Tiffeneau por debajo del 70&#37; &#40;en el 78&#37; en expuestos frente al 55&#37; de los no expuestos&#59; p&#60;0&#44;05&#41;&#46; No se observaron diferencias en los tipos histol&#243;gicos ni en la presentaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica o radiol&#243;gica&#44; en relaci&#243;n con los antecedentes de exposici&#243;n a la s&#237;lice&#46; En el an&#225;lisis multivariante en funci&#243;n de la edad de aparici&#243;n de la enfermedad&#44; la exposici&#243;n a s&#237;lice se mantuvo como predictor independiente&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusi&#243;n</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los resultados de este estudio ponen de manifiesto que las caracter&#237;sticas clinicorradiol&#243;gicas y la distribuci&#243;n de las estirpes histol&#243;gicas en los pacientes con exposici&#243;n a la s&#237;lice no difieren de las de los pacientes sin exposici&#243;n&#46; Sin embargo&#44; en los individuos expuestos a la s&#237;lice durante su vida laboral&#44; el c&#225;ncer de pulm&#243;n se presenta a una edad m&#225;s temprana y en sujetos con un menor consumo de tabaco&#44; lo que podr&#237;a sugerir alg&#250;n efecto carcin&#243;geno de la s&#237;lice&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introduction</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In 1977 silica was listed as a group 1 carcinogen &#40;demonstrated in humans&#41; by the International Agency for Research on Cancer&#46; However&#44; conflicting results from various studies have kept debate alive as to its carcinogenic capacity&#46; The interest of this debate lies in the large number of workers exposed to silica&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To analyze the differential characteristics of lung cancer among silica exposed and silica non-exposed individuals&#44; to identify indirectly a possible carcinogenic effect of silica&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">For all males with a diagnosis of lung cancer over a period of 22 consecutive months at the National Silicosis Institute &#40;Oviedo&#44; Spain&#41;&#44; we recorded work history&#44; age&#44; smoking habits&#44; spirometry&#44; the presence of pneumoconiosis and histology&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Comparing the results for silica exposed and non-exposed individuals&#44; we found significant differences for age &#40;63&#46;7 &#177; 8&#46;8 and 66&#46;7 &#177; 8&#46;6 y&#44; respectively&#59; p&#60;0&#46;05&#41;&#44; smoking &#40;44&#46;1 &#177; 22&#46;4 and 48&#46;9 &#177; 22&#46;3 packs&#47;year&#59; p&#60;0&#46;05&#41; and a Tiffeneau index under 70&#37; &#40;in 78&#37; of exposed vs&#46; 55&#37; of non-exposed patients&#59; p&#60;0&#46;05&#41;&#46; No significant differences in histology&#44; signs and symptoms or radiographs were observed between the two groups&#46; In the multifactorial analysis in function of age of onset&#44; exposure to silica continued to be an independent predictor&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0050" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Our results show that the clinical and radio-logical signs and histology of patients exposed or non-exposed to silica did not differ&#46; However&#44; lung cancer appears earlier among individuals with work-related exposure to silica and lower rates of tobacco smoking&#44; suggesting some carcinogenic effect for silica&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 38. Issue 12.
Pages 561-567 (December 2002)
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Vol. 38. Issue 12.
Pages 561-567 (December 2002)
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Características del cáncer de pulmón en pacientes con exposición laboral a la sílice. Estudio comparativo entre individuos expuestos y no expuestos
Characteristics of lung cancer in patients exposed to silica at work. A comparison of exposed and non-exposed individuals
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M.J. Barrenechea, C. Martínez
Corresponding author
cmartinez@hca.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Neumología Ocupacional. Instituto Nacional de Silicosis. Hospital Central de Asturias. Dr. Bellmunt, s/n. 33006 Oviedo. España
, A. Paramá, G. Rego
Servicio de Neumología Ocupacional. Instituto Nacional de Silicosis. Oviedo. España
M.J. Ferreiroa, A. Tardónb
a Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Puerta de Hierro. Madrid. España
b Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Universidad de Oviedo. España
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Abstract
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Introducción

La sílice, en 1997, fue incluida en el grupo 1 (carcinógeno demostrado en humanos) de la International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Sin embargo, los resultados discrepantes de diferentes estudios hacen que persista el debate sobre su poder carcinógeno, y el interés de este debate estriba en el gran número de trabajadores expuestos a la sílice.

Objetivo

Analizar las características diferenciales en los casos incidentes de cáncer de pulmón entre individuos expuestos a la sílice y los no expuestos que podrían sugerir, de manera indirecta, algún efecto carcinogénico de la sílice.

Métodos

Se recogen datos de historia laboral, edad, hábito tabáquico, espirometría, presencia de neumoconiosis y tipo histológico de los casos de cáncer de pulmón primario, en varones diagnosticados durante 22 meses consecutivos en el Instituto Nacional de Silicosis. Se compararon estas variables en función de la exposición a la sílice.

Resultados

La comparación de las diferentes variables entre el grupo de pacientes con historia de exposición a la sílice y el grupo sin exposición demostró diferencias significativas en la edad (63,7 ± 8,8 y 66,7 ± 8,6 años, respectivamente; p<0,05), el consumo de tabaco (44,1 ± 22,4 y 48,9 ± 22,3 paquetesaño; p<0,05) y la presencia de un índice de Tiffeneau por debajo del 70% (en el 78% en expuestos frente al 55% de los no expuestos; p<0,05). No se observaron diferencias en los tipos histológicos ni en la presentación clínica o radiológica, en relación con los antecedentes de exposición a la sílice. En el análisis multivariante en función de la edad de aparición de la enfermedad, la exposición a sílice se mantuvo como predictor independiente.

Conclusión

Los resultados de este estudio ponen de manifiesto que las características clinicorradiológicas y la distribución de las estirpes histológicas en los pacientes con exposición a la sílice no difieren de las de los pacientes sin exposición. Sin embargo, en los individuos expuestos a la sílice durante su vida laboral, el cáncer de pulmón se presenta a una edad más temprana y en sujetos con un menor consumo de tabaco, lo que podría sugerir algún efecto carcinógeno de la sílice.

Palabras clave:
Cáncer de pulmón
Sílice
Carcinógeno
Silicosis
Introduction

In 1977 silica was listed as a group 1 carcinogen (demonstrated in humans) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. However, conflicting results from various studies have kept debate alive as to its carcinogenic capacity. The interest of this debate lies in the large number of workers exposed to silica.

Objective

To analyze the differential characteristics of lung cancer among silica exposed and silica non-exposed individuals, to identify indirectly a possible carcinogenic effect of silica.

Methods

For all males with a diagnosis of lung cancer over a period of 22 consecutive months at the National Silicosis Institute (Oviedo, Spain), we recorded work history, age, smoking habits, spirometry, the presence of pneumoconiosis and histology.

Results

Comparing the results for silica exposed and non-exposed individuals, we found significant differences for age (63.7 ± 8.8 and 66.7 ± 8.6 y, respectively; p<0.05), smoking (44.1 ± 22.4 and 48.9 ± 22.3 packs/year; p<0.05) and a Tiffeneau index under 70% (in 78% of exposed vs. 55% of non-exposed patients; p<0.05). No significant differences in histology, signs and symptoms or radiographs were observed between the two groups. In the multifactorial analysis in function of age of onset, exposure to silica continued to be an independent predictor.

Conclusion

Our results show that the clinical and radio-logical signs and histology of patients exposed or non-exposed to silica did not differ. However, lung cancer appears earlier among individuals with work-related exposure to silica and lower rates of tobacco smoking, suggesting some carcinogenic effect for silica.

Keywords:
Lung cancer
Silica
Carcinogen
Silicosis
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Copyright © 2002. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
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