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Vol. 30. Issue 7.
Pages 331-338 (August - September 1994)
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Vol. 30. Issue 7.
Pages 331-338 (August - September 1994)
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Validez de un sistema de registro portátil (MESAM IV) para el diagnóstico del síndrome de apnea del sueño
Validity of portable recording (MESAM IV) for diagnosis of sleep apnea syndrome (SAS)
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J. Durán Cantolla*,1, S. Esnaola Sukia**, R. Rubio Aramendi***, C. Egea Santaolalla*
* Sección de Neumología. Unidad de Sueño. Vitoria-Gasteiz
** Dirección de Información, Docencia e Investigación Sanitaria. Departamento de Sanidad. Gobiernno Vasco
*** Servicio de Neurofisiología Clínica. Hospital de Txagorritxu. Vitoria-Gasteiz
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La alta prevalencia del síndrome de apnea del sueño (SAS) y el elevado coste de la polisomnografía (PLS) precisan el desarrollo de sistemas de identificación del SAS más baratos. El MESAM IV es un equipo ambulatorio que registra las variaciones de la saturación de oxígeno (SO2), de la frecuencia cardíaca (FC) y la presencia de ronquidos (RQ). El aparato es capaz de hacer una lectura automática y también puede realizarse de forma manual según el índice de eventos (IE) interrelacionando las tres variables a través de un registro gráfico. Se estudiaron de forma simultánea, con PLS y MESAM IV, 51 sujetos enviados a la unidad de sueño desde la consulta externa de neumología por sospecha clínica de SAS. La PLS se interpretó de forma manual en épocas de 30 segundos según las recomendaciones de la American Thoracic Society, considerando criterio de SAS un índice de apnea/hipopnea (IAH) ≥ 10 por hora de sueño. Hubo 32 sujetos (63%) que tuvieron SAS por la PLS. El grado de concordancia entre el análisis automático de SO2, FC y RQ con el IAH fue sólo moderado (coeficiente de correlación intraclase -CCI- de 0,50, 0,40 y 0,53, respectivamente) e inferior al análisis manual con el IE (CCI de 0,77). El estudio de eficacia diagnóstica en términos de sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo positivo (VPP) y valor predictivo negativo (VPN) para el análisis automático fue: SO2 (sensibilidad, 94%; especificidad, 26%; VPP, 68%, y VPN, 71%); FC (sensibilidad, 59%; especificidad, 58%; VPP, 70%, y VPN, 46%); RQ (sensibilidad, 84%; especificidad, 26%; VPP, 66%, y VPN, 50%). Para el análisis manual (IE) los resultados fueron más válidos: sensibilidad, 100%; especificidad, 84%; VPP, 91%, y VPN, 100%. Por otra parte, al excluir los pacientes con limitación crónica al flujo aéreo (LCFA) más que leve, causa potencial de falsos positivos, los resultados mejoraron: sensibilidad, 100%; especificidad, 91%; VPP, 96%, y VPN, 100%. Estos resultados muestran que el MESAM IV es de gran ayuda en el diagnóstico de SAS y permite seleccionar mejor la población a la que va a someterse a la PLS.

The development of inexpensive tools for diagnosing sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is a result of the high prevalence of this condition and of the high cost of polysomnograms (PS). MESAM IV is a portable device that records changes in oxigen saturation (S02), heart rate (HR) and snoring (S). Readings can be automatic or manual, the latter in function of an events index (El), with a graph of the three variables generated. We carried out a simuitaneous study of 51 subjects suspected of having SAS who were referred to the sleep unit by the pneumology outpatient clinic. PS was interpreted manually at 30-sec intervals as recommended by the American Thoracic Society. An apnea/hypoapnea index (AHI) ≥ 10//hour of sleep was used as the cutoff point for SAS. Thirty-two (63%) subjects were found to have SAS as indicated by PS. The rate of agreement between AHI and automatic analysis of S02, HR and S was only moderate (intra-group correlation coefficients -ICC- of 0.50, 0.40, and 0.53, respectively) and was inferior to manual analysis with EI (ICC of 0.77). Assessment of diagnostic efficacy of automatic analysis in terms of sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) yielded the following results: S02 (SEN 94%, SPE 26%, PPV 68% and NPV 71%), HR (SEN 59%, SPE 58%, PPV 70%, NPV 46%); S (SEN 84%, SPE 26%, PPV 66%, NPV 50%). Manual analysis (EI) gave more valid results (SEN 100%, SPE 84%, PPV 91%, NPV 100%). If patients with chronic obstructive lung disease are excluded, however, the results for automatic analysis improve: SEN 100%, SPE 91%, PPV 96%, NPV 100%. These results show that MESAM IV is of great help in diagnosing SAS, allowing better screening for identifying candidates for PS.

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Copyright © 1994. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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