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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To determine the prevalence of tuberculous infection in schoolchildren in the province of Malaga&#44; Spain&#44; and to evaluate its relation to sociodemographic variables&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Population and methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Tuberculin skin tests were used to screen 6-year-olds in their first year of primary school in this cross-sectional study of the prevalence of infection&#44; with calculation of 95&#37; confidence interval &#40;CI&#41;&#46; Children who had not been vaccinated against tuberculosis at birth were considered to have a positive test result if they had an induration of &#8805;5 mm&#46; Those who had received bacillus Calmette&#8211;Guerin &#40;BCG&#41; vaccination at birth were considered to have a positive test result if they had an induration size of &#62;10 mm or &#62;15 mm&#44; depending on whether they came from a country with a high or low prevalence of tuberculosis&#44; respectively&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The prevalence of infection in the group of unvaccinated children was 1&#46;16&#37; &#40;95&#37; CI&#44; 0&#46;69&#37;-1&#46;63&#37;&#41;&#46; No statistically significant differences were found for any of the sociodemographic variables analyzed&#46; The prevalence of infection in the BCG-vaccinated children was 6&#46;66&#37; &#40;95&#37; CI&#44; 5&#46;55&#37;-7&#46;77&#37;&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The prevalence of tuberculosis infection in our area is slightly higher than that reported after other studies conducted in Spain&#46; This could indicate that tuberculosis continues to be a public health problem in the province of Malaga&#46; Infection in the subgroup of BCG-vaccinated children&#44; however&#44; was lower than that observed in studies of immigrants in Spain who had been immunized at birth&#46; This is probably because the majority of immigrants in our area come from countries with a low incidence of tuberculosis&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Conocer la prevalencia de infecci&#243;n por tuberculosis en la poblaci&#243;n escolar de la Costa del Sol y valorar la relaci&#243;n de variables sociodemogr&#225;ficas con la prevalencia de infecci&#243;n tuberculosa&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Poblaci&#243;n y m&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se trata de un estudio de corte transversal&#44; en el que se realiz&#243; cribado tubercul&#237;nico a los ni&#241;os de primer curso de primaria &#40;6 a&#241;os&#41;&#46; El &#237;ndice epidemiol&#243;gico analizado fue la prevalencia de infecci&#243;n&#44; con su intervalo de confianza &#40;IC&#41; del 95&#37;&#46; Se consider&#243; positivo a la prueba de la tuberculina a todo ni&#241;o que no hab&#237;a recibido la vacuna antituberculosa al nacer y que presentaba una induraci&#243;n igual o superior a 5 mm&#46; En el subgrupo vacunado contra la tuberculosis al nacer se consider&#243; positivos a los ni&#241;os con induraci&#243;n superior a 10 mm o a 15 mm&#44; seg&#250;n procediesen de pa&#237;ses con elevada o baja prevalencia de tuberculosis&#44; respectivamente&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La prevalencia de infecci&#243;n obtenida en el grupo de no vacunados fue del 1&#44;16&#37; &#40;IC del 95&#37;&#44; 0&#44;69&#8211;1&#44;63&#37;&#41;&#46; No se encontraron diferencias estad&#237;sticamente significativas entre las variables analizadas&#46; La prevalencia de infecci&#243;n en el subgrupo de vacunados fue del 6&#44;66&#37; &#40;IC del 95&#37;&#44; 5&#44;55&#8211;7&#44;77&#37;&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La prevalencia de infecci&#243;n tuberculosa en nuestra zona es ligeramente elevada en comparaci&#243;n con la observada en otros estudios realizados en nuestro pa&#237;s&#44; lo que podr&#237;a indicar que la tuberculosis sigue siendo un problema de salud p&#250;blica en nuestra provincia&#46; No ocurre as&#237; con el subgrupo de vacunados contra la tuberculosis&#44; en el que&#44; comparado con los de otros estudios realizados en nuestro pa&#237;s entre la poblaci&#243;n inmigrante vacunada al nacer&#44; la prevalencia es baja&#44; probablemente debido a que la mayor&#237;a de inmigrantes de la Costa del Sol proviene de pa&#237;ses con baja incidencia de la enfermedad&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 44. Issue 2.
Pages 75-80 (January 2008)
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Vol. 44. Issue 2.
Pages 75-80 (January 2008)
Original Articles
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Prevalence of Tuberculosis Infection in BCG-Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Mediterranean Schoolchildren
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Genoveva del Río Camachoa,
Corresponding author
vevirio@hotmail.com

Correspondence: Dr G del Río Camacho Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Costa del Sol Ctra. Nacional 340 km 187 29600 Marbella, Málaga, Spain
, Emilio Perea-Milla Lópezb, Julio Romero Gonzáleza, Ángel González Canónigac, Blanca Muñumel Alamedac, Octavia Martín Cabelloc, Mercedes Martínez Colladoc, Javier Pérez Fríasd
a Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, Spain
b Servicio de Apoyo a la Investigación, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, Málaga, Spain
c Enfermería, Hospital Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain
d Sección de Neumología Pediátrica, Hospital Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain
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Objective

To determine the prevalence of tuberculous infection in schoolchildren in the province of Malaga, Spain, and to evaluate its relation to sociodemographic variables.

Population and methods

Tuberculin skin tests were used to screen 6-year-olds in their first year of primary school in this cross-sectional study of the prevalence of infection, with calculation of 95% confidence interval (CI). Children who had not been vaccinated against tuberculosis at birth were considered to have a positive test result if they had an induration of ≥5 mm. Those who had received bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) vaccination at birth were considered to have a positive test result if they had an induration size of >10 mm or >15 mm, depending on whether they came from a country with a high or low prevalence of tuberculosis, respectively.

Results

The prevalence of infection in the group of unvaccinated children was 1.16% (95% CI, 0.69%-1.63%). No statistically significant differences were found for any of the sociodemographic variables analyzed. The prevalence of infection in the BCG-vaccinated children was 6.66% (95% CI, 5.55%-7.77%).

Conclusions

The prevalence of tuberculosis infection in our area is slightly higher than that reported after other studies conducted in Spain. This could indicate that tuberculosis continues to be a public health problem in the province of Malaga. Infection in the subgroup of BCG-vaccinated children, however, was lower than that observed in studies of immigrants in Spain who had been immunized at birth. This is probably because the majority of immigrants in our area come from countries with a low incidence of tuberculosis.

Key words:
Tuberculosis
Prevalence
Sociodemographic variables
Objetivo

Conocer la prevalencia de infección por tuberculosis en la población escolar de la Costa del Sol y valorar la relación de variables sociodemográficas con la prevalencia de infección tuberculosa.

Población y métodos

Se trata de un estudio de corte transversal, en el que se realizó cribado tuberculínico a los niños de primer curso de primaria (6 años). El índice epidemiológico analizado fue la prevalencia de infección, con su intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95%. Se consideró positivo a la prueba de la tuberculina a todo niño que no había recibido la vacuna antituberculosa al nacer y que presentaba una induración igual o superior a 5 mm. En el subgrupo vacunado contra la tuberculosis al nacer se consideró positivos a los niños con induración superior a 10 mm o a 15 mm, según procediesen de países con elevada o baja prevalencia de tuberculosis, respectivamente.

Resultados

La prevalencia de infección obtenida en el grupo de no vacunados fue del 1,16% (IC del 95%, 0,69–1,63%). No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las variables analizadas. La prevalencia de infección en el subgrupo de vacunados fue del 6,66% (IC del 95%, 5,55–7,77%).

Conclusiones

La prevalencia de infección tuberculosa en nuestra zona es ligeramente elevada en comparación con la observada en otros estudios realizados en nuestro país, lo que podría indicar que la tuberculosis sigue siendo un problema de salud pública en nuestra provincia. No ocurre así con el subgrupo de vacunados contra la tuberculosis, en el que, comparado con los de otros estudios realizados en nuestro país entre la población inmigrante vacunada al nacer, la prevalencia es baja, probablemente debido a que la mayoría de inmigrantes de la Costa del Sol proviene de países con baja incidencia de la enfermedad.

Palabras clave:
Tuberculosis
Prevalencia
Variables sociodemográficas
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This study was funded by the Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía under Research Project No. 118/02 (grant awarded in 2002).

Copyright © 2008. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
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