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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Analizar los factores predictores del &#233;xito de un programa de deshabituaci&#243;n tab&#225;quica a los 6 meses de seguimiento&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material Y M&#233;todo</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se ha realizado un estudio anal&#237;tico transversal en una muestra formada por fumadores que hab&#237;an accedido a una unidad de tabaquismo para tratamiento multicomponente en grupo&#46; Las variables independientes analizadas fueron&#58; edad&#44; sexo&#44; nivel de estudios&#44; dependencia la nicotina &#40;test de Fagerstr&#246;m&#41;&#44; intentos previos&#44; f&#225;rmaco prescrito&#44; cumplimentaci&#243;n del tratamiento grupal&#44; &#233;xito a la semana y a los 3 meses&#46; Se consider&#243; &#233;xito la abstinencia autodeclarada y confirmada mediante cooximetr&#237;a &#40;mon&#243;xido de carbono &#60; 10 ppm&#41;&#46;</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se aplic&#243; un an&#225;lisis de regresi&#243;n log&#237;stica univariante&#44; determinando las odds ratios con los intervalos de confianza del 95&#37; para las variables categ&#243;ricas&#44; y el test de diferencia de medias para las variables cuantitativas&#59; aquellas que mostraron significaci&#243;n estad&#237;stica se introdujeron en un modelo de regresi&#243;n log&#237;stica multivariante&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La poblaci&#243;n de estudio estaba compuesta por 248 individuos&#44; el 67&#44;7&#37; varones y el 32&#44;3&#37; mujeres&#44; con un media &#40;&#177; desviaci&#243;n est&#225;ndar&#41; de edad de 43&#44;1 &#177; 10&#44;5 a&#241;os&#46; En cuanto a la dependencia de la nicotina&#44; la puntuaci&#243;n media en el test de Fagerstr&#246;m era de 6&#44;3 &#177; 2&#44;1 puntos&#44; y el 84&#44;7&#37; de los individuos cumpli&#243; bien el tratamiento&#46; Las tasas de &#233;xito fueron del 77&#44; el 30&#44;2 y el 31&#44;9&#37; a la semana y a los 3 y 6 meses&#44; respectivamente&#46; Las variables&#58; &#233;xito a los 3 meses&#44; edad y dependencia de la nicotina se introdujeron en el modelo de regresi&#243;n log&#237;stica multivariante&#44; y la &#250;nica variable predictora de &#233;xito a los seis meses fue la primera&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los individuos que cumplen bien el tratamiento y no fuman nada durante las primeras semanas tienen m&#225;s probabilidades de lograr el &#233;xito a los 6 meses&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To identify the predictors of successful outcome in a smoking cessation program at 6-month follow-up&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material And Method</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cross-sectional descriptive study of a sample of smokers who attended a smoking cessation clinic for combined medical and cognitive-behavioral group therapy&#46; The independent variables assessed included age&#44; sex&#44; level of education&#44; nicotine dependence &#40;Fagerstr&#246;m test&#41;&#44; prior attempts to quit smoking&#44; medication prescribed&#44; compliance with group therapy regimen&#44; and success at one week and 3 months&#46; Success was defined as self-reported abstinence&#44; confirmed by CO-oximetry &#40;carbon monoxide &#60;10 ppm&#41;&#46; Odds ratios &#40;with 95&#37; confidence intervals&#41; were calculated for the categorical variables and a test of statistical significance of differences between means was performed for quantitative variables&#46; Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed and significant variables were entered into a multivariate logistic regression model&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The study population comprised 248 individuals&#44; 67&#46;7&#37; male and 32&#46;3&#37; female&#44; with a mean &#40;SD&#41; age of 43&#46;1 &#40;10&#46;5&#41; years&#46; The mean score on the Fagerstr&#246;m test was 6&#46;3 &#40;2&#46;1&#41; points and 84&#46;7&#37; of the individuals complied with the treatment regimen&#46; Success rates were as follows&#58; 77&#37; at one week&#44; 30&#46;2&#37; at 3 months&#44; and 31&#46;9&#37; at 6 months&#46; Three variables&#8212;success at 3 months&#44; age&#44; and nicotine dependence&#8212; were entered into the multivariate logistic regression model&#59; the only variable predictive of successful smoking cessation at 6 months was success at 3 months&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0045" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Individuals who fully comply with treatment and abstain from smoking during the first weeks are more likely to be successful at 6 months&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 40. Issue 12.
Pages 558-562 (December 2004)
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Vol. 40. Issue 12.
Pages 558-562 (December 2004)
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Factores predictores de éxito a los 6 meses en fumadores tratados en una unidad de tabaquismo
Predictors of Success at 6-Month Follow-up for Smokers Treated at a Smoking Cessation Clinic
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10768
I. Nerína,
Corresponding author
isabelne@unizar.es

Correspondencia: Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría. Facultad de Medicina, edificio B.Domingo Miral, s/n. 50009 Zaragoza. España
, P. Novellab, A. Crucelaeguib, A. Beamontec, N. Sobradielb, P. Gargalloc
a Unidad de Tabaquismo FMZ. Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Zaragoza. Zaragoza
b Unidad de Tabaquismo FMZ. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Zaragoza. Zaragoza
c Departamento de Métodos Estadísticos. Escuela Universitaria de Estudios Empresariales. Universidad de Zaragoza. Zaragoza. España
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Objetivo

Analizar los factores predictores del éxito de un programa de deshabituación tabáquica a los 6 meses de seguimiento.

Material Y Método

Se ha realizado un estudio analítico transversal en una muestra formada por fumadores que habían accedido a una unidad de tabaquismo para tratamiento multicomponente en grupo. Las variables independientes analizadas fueron: edad, sexo, nivel de estudios, dependencia la nicotina (test de Fagerström), intentos previos, fármaco prescrito, cumplimentación del tratamiento grupal, éxito a la semana y a los 3 meses. Se consideró éxito la abstinencia autodeclarada y confirmada mediante cooximetría (monóxido de carbono < 10 ppm).

Se aplicó un análisis de regresión logística univariante, determinando las odds ratios con los intervalos de confianza del 95% para las variables categóricas, y el test de diferencia de medias para las variables cuantitativas; aquellas que mostraron significación estadística se introdujeron en un modelo de regresión logística multivariante.

Resultados

La población de estudio estaba compuesta por 248 individuos, el 67,7% varones y el 32,3% mujeres, con un media (± desviación estándar) de edad de 43,1 ± 10,5 años. En cuanto a la dependencia de la nicotina, la puntuación media en el test de Fagerström era de 6,3 ± 2,1 puntos, y el 84,7% de los individuos cumplió bien el tratamiento. Las tasas de éxito fueron del 77, el 30,2 y el 31,9% a la semana y a los 3 y 6 meses, respectivamente. Las variables: éxito a los 3 meses, edad y dependencia de la nicotina se introdujeron en el modelo de regresión logística multivariante, y la única variable predictora de éxito a los seis meses fue la primera.

Conclusiones

Los individuos que cumplen bien el tratamiento y no fuman nada durante las primeras semanas tienen más probabilidades de lograr el éxito a los 6 meses.

Palabras clave:
Tabaquismo
Predictores de éxito
Deshabituación tabáquica
Objective

To identify the predictors of successful outcome in a smoking cessation program at 6-month follow-up.

Material And Method

Cross-sectional descriptive study of a sample of smokers who attended a smoking cessation clinic for combined medical and cognitive-behavioral group therapy. The independent variables assessed included age, sex, level of education, nicotine dependence (Fagerström test), prior attempts to quit smoking, medication prescribed, compliance with group therapy regimen, and success at one week and 3 months. Success was defined as self-reported abstinence, confirmed by CO-oximetry (carbon monoxide <10 ppm). Odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) were calculated for the categorical variables and a test of statistical significance of differences between means was performed for quantitative variables. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed and significant variables were entered into a multivariate logistic regression model.

Results

The study population comprised 248 individuals, 67.7% male and 32.3% female, with a mean (SD) age of 43.1 (10.5) years. The mean score on the Fagerström test was 6.3 (2.1) points and 84.7% of the individuals complied with the treatment regimen. Success rates were as follows: 77% at one week, 30.2% at 3 months, and 31.9% at 6 months. Three variables—success at 3 months, age, and nicotine dependence— were entered into the multivariate logistic regression model; the only variable predictive of successful smoking cessation at 6 months was success at 3 months.

Conclusions

Individuals who fully comply with treatment and abstain from smoking during the first weeks are more likely to be successful at 6 months.

Keywords:
Tobacco addiction
Predictors of success
Smoking cessation
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