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            2 => "Quality of life"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Background and Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The routine use of health-related quality-of-life questionnaires in patients with chronic respiratory disease is limited due to the time required to complete them&#46; The Airways Questionnaire 20 &#40;AQ20&#41; contains 20 easy-to-answer questions&#44; making it ideal for use in routine practice&#46; However&#44; a Spanish version is not available&#46; Our aim was to create a version of the AQ20 for use in Spain that would be equivalent to the original English questionnaire&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Method</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The original questionnaire was adapted using the translation-backtranslation method&#46; We evaluated the conceptual equivalence of the translation to the original questionnaire&#44; classifying items as type A if they were fully equivalent&#44; type B if they contained questionable wording&#44; and type C if there were doubts about their equivalence&#46; The items in categories B and C were re-examined by the researchers and translators&#44; with input from the author of the original questionnaire and a group of patients&#46; The final version was piloted among 30 patients&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Low difficulty ratings were given to both the translation &#40;3&#46;45&#41; and backtranslation &#40;3&#46;52&#41;&#46; Sixty-five percent of the backtranslated items were considered to be fully equivalent to the original English items &#40;type A&#41;&#44; 15&#37; were classified as type B&#44; and 20&#37; as type C&#46; The final Spanish version&#44; produced after discussion of items B and C&#44; was administered to 15 patients with asthma &#40;66&#37; women&#59; mean &#91;SD&#93; age&#44; 53&#46;13 &#91;19&#46;6&#93; y&#41; and 15 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease &#40;13&#37; women&#59; mean age&#44; 67&#46;8 &#91;8&#46;94&#93; y&#41;&#46; A Cronbach &#945; of 0&#46;92 was obtained&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusion</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The adaptation process produced a Spanish questionnaire that is conceptually equivalent to the English original&#44; easy to understand&#44; and satisfactory in terms of internal consistency&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introducci&#243;n y objetivos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El uso habitual de cuestionarios de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en enfermedades respiratorias cr&#243;nicas est&#225; limitado por el tiempo que requiere su cumplimentaci&#243;n&#46; El Airways Questionnaire 20 &#40;AQ20&#41; consta de 20 &#237;tems con un formato de respuesta sencillo&#44; id&#243;neo para aplicar en la pr&#225;ctica asistencial&#44; pero a&#250;n no se dispone de una versi&#243;n para su uso en Espa&#241;a&#46; As&#237; pues&#44; nuestro objetivo ha sido elaborar una versi&#243;n del AQ20 en lengua espa&#241;ola equivalente al original ingl&#233;s&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Para la adaptaci&#243;n del cuestionario utilizamos el m&#233;todo de traducci&#243;n-retrotraducci&#243;n&#46; Evaluamos la equivalencia de cada uno de los &#237;tems con los de la versi&#243;n original clasific&#225;ndolos como totalmente equivalentes &#40;tipo A&#41;&#44; con alguna expresi&#243;n dudosa &#40;tipo B&#41; o de equivalencia dudosa &#40;tipo C&#41;&#46; Se volvieron a evaluar los &#237;tems de tipo B y C mediante la discusi&#243;n entre investigadores y traductores&#44; con las aportaciones del autor del cuestionario y la consulta a un grupo de pacientes&#46; Con la versi&#243;n final se realiz&#243; un estudio piloto en 30 pacientes&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Las puntuaciones de dificultad de traducci&#243;n y retrotraducci&#243;n fueron bajas &#40;3&#44;45 y 3&#44;52&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46; En cuanto a la equivalencia conceptual entre la versi&#243;n retrotraducida y el cuestionario original&#44; el 65&#37; de los &#237;tems se calific&#243; de tipo A&#44; el 15&#37; de tipo B y el 20&#37; de tipo C&#46; Tras la discusi&#243;n de los &#237;tems B y C se elabor&#243; la versi&#243;n espa&#241;ola final del AQ20&#44; que se aplic&#243; a 15 pacientes con asma &#40;un 66&#37; mujeres&#59; edad media &#177; desviaci&#243;n est&#225;ndar&#58; 53&#44;13 &#177; 19&#44;6 a&#241;os&#41; y a otros 15 con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva cr&#243;nica &#40;un 13&#37; mujeres&#59; edad media&#58; 67&#44;8 &#177; 8&#44;94 a&#241;os&#41;&#44; y se obtuvo un alfa de Cronbach de 0&#44;92&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusi&#243;n</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El proceso de adaptaci&#243;n ha permitido obtener un instrumento en espa&#241;ol conceptualmente semejante al original ingl&#233;s&#44; de f&#225;cil comprensi&#243;n y con una consistencia interna adecuada&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 45. Issue 1.
Pages 24-29 (January 2009)
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Vol. 45. Issue 1.
Pages 24-29 (January 2009)
Original Article
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Cultural Adaptation Into Spanish of the Airways Questionnaire 20, a Short Health-Related Quality-of-Life Questionnaire for the Clinical Evaluation of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Adaptación transcultural al español del Airways Questionnaire 20 (AQ20), un cuestionario de calidad de vida abreviado para la evaluación clínica del asma y la EPOC
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Marina Blanco-Aparicioa,
Corresponding author
mba@mundo-r.com

Corresponding author.
, Isabel Vázquez-Rodríguezb, Héctor Verea-Hernandoa
a Servicio de Neumología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario Juan Canalejo, A Coruña, Spain
b Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
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Article information
Abstract
Background and Objective

The routine use of health-related quality-of-life questionnaires in patients with chronic respiratory disease is limited due to the time required to complete them. The Airways Questionnaire 20 (AQ20) contains 20 easy-to-answer questions, making it ideal for use in routine practice. However, a Spanish version is not available. Our aim was to create a version of the AQ20 for use in Spain that would be equivalent to the original English questionnaire.

Method

The original questionnaire was adapted using the translation-backtranslation method. We evaluated the conceptual equivalence of the translation to the original questionnaire, classifying items as type A if they were fully equivalent, type B if they contained questionable wording, and type C if there were doubts about their equivalence. The items in categories B and C were re-examined by the researchers and translators, with input from the author of the original questionnaire and a group of patients. The final version was piloted among 30 patients.

Results

Low difficulty ratings were given to both the translation (3.45) and backtranslation (3.52). Sixty-five percent of the backtranslated items were considered to be fully equivalent to the original English items (type A), 15% were classified as type B, and 20% as type C. The final Spanish version, produced after discussion of items B and C, was administered to 15 patients with asthma (66% women; mean [SD] age, 53.13 [19.6] y) and 15 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (13% women; mean age, 67.8 [8.94] y). A Cronbach α of 0.92 was obtained.

Conclusion

The adaptation process produced a Spanish questionnaire that is conceptually equivalent to the English original, easy to understand, and satisfactory in terms of internal consistency.

Keywords:
Asthma
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Quality of life
Questionnaires
Airways Questionnaire 20 (AQ20)
Resumen
Introducción y objetivos

El uso habitual de cuestionarios de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en enfermedades respiratorias crónicas está limitado por el tiempo que requiere su cumplimentación. El Airways Questionnaire 20 (AQ20) consta de 20 ítems con un formato de respuesta sencillo, idóneo para aplicar en la práctica asistencial, pero aún no se dispone de una versión para su uso en España. Así pues, nuestro objetivo ha sido elaborar una versión del AQ20 en lengua española equivalente al original inglés.

Método

Para la adaptación del cuestionario utilizamos el método de traducción-retrotraducción. Evaluamos la equivalencia de cada uno de los ítems con los de la versión original clasificándolos como totalmente equivalentes (tipo A), con alguna expresión dudosa (tipo B) o de equivalencia dudosa (tipo C). Se volvieron a evaluar los ítems de tipo B y C mediante la discusión entre investigadores y traductores, con las aportaciones del autor del cuestionario y la consulta a un grupo de pacientes. Con la versión final se realizó un estudio piloto en 30 pacientes.

Resultados

Las puntuaciones de dificultad de traducción y retrotraducción fueron bajas (3,45 y 3,52, respectivamente). En cuanto a la equivalencia conceptual entre la versión retrotraducida y el cuestionario original, el 65% de los ítems se calificó de tipo A, el 15% de tipo B y el 20% de tipo C. Tras la discusión de los ítems B y C se elaboró la versión española final del AQ20, que se aplicó a 15 pacientes con asma (un 66% mujeres; edad media ± desviación estándar: 53,13 ± 19,6 años) y a otros 15 con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (un 13% mujeres; edad media: 67,8 ± 8,94 años), y se obtuvo un alfa de Cronbach de 0,92.

Conclusión

El proceso de adaptación ha permitido obtener un instrumento en español conceptualmente semejante al original inglés, de fácil comprensión y con una consistencia interna adecuada.

Palabras clave:
Asma
EPOC
Calidad de vida
Cuestionarios
Airways Questionnaire 20 (AQ20)
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