Journal Information
Vol. 39. Issue 1.
Pages 29-34 (January 2003)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 39. Issue 1.
Pages 29-34 (January 2003)
Full text access
La mediastinoscopia para el diagnóstico de la enfermedad mediastínica: análisis de 181 exploraciones
Mediastinoscopy in the diagnosis of mediastinal disease. An analysis of 181 explorations
Visits
20272
P. Rodrígueza,*, N. Santanaa, P. Gámezb, F. Rodríguez De Castroa, A. Varela De Ugarteb, J. Freixineta
a Servicio de Cirugía Torácica. Hospital de Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. España
b Servicio de Cirugía Torácica. Hospital Universitario Clínica Puerta de Hierro. Madrid. España
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics

Para validar nuestra experiencia con la utilización de la mediastinoscopia cervical estándar (MCS) y la mediastinos-copia cervical extendida (MCE) en el diagnóstico de las ade-nopatías y masas del mediastino, se ha realizado este estudio entre enero de 1992 y febrero de 2001 sobre 181 pacientes. La MCS y MCE se han indicado para la estadificación gan-glionar por carcinoma broncogénico (grupo I) y en el diagnóstico de las masas mediastínicas (grupo II). En todos los casos se ha efectuado una MCS para explorar la región pa-ratraqueal (2R, 2L, 4R, 4L, 7, 10R, 10L) y en 32, además, una MCE para la ventana aortopulmonar o región subaórtica (área 5) y región paraaórtica (área 6). En el grupo I, la MCS ha demostrado una sensibilidad (S) del 93,6%, especi-ficidad (E) del 100%, un valor predictivo positivo (VPP) del 100%, un valor predictivo negativo (VPN) del 82,8% y una rentabilidad diagnóstica (RD) del 95,1%. La MCE ha tenido una S del 91%, E del 100%, VPP del 100%, VPN del 93,3% y una RD del 96%. Para el grupo II, la MCS ha presentado una S del 93,3%, E 100%, VPP 100%, VPN 81,2% y una RD del 94,8% mientras que la MCE en este grupo ha tenido una S del 80%, E del 100%, VPP 100%, VPN 66,7% y una RD del 85,7%. El porcentaje de complicaciones ha sido del 2,7%, destacando un sangrado por lesión de la vena cava su-perior, una laceración traqueal, una parálisis recurrencial y 2 casos de infección de la herida quirúrgica. La estancia me-dia postoperatoria ha sido de 36 h y la mortalidad nula

Concluimos que la MCS es una técnica de gran especifici-dad en la valoración de la afección ganglionar mediastínica por carcinoma broncogénico y la prueba de elección ante la imposibilidad o ausencia de diagnóstico en las lesiones localizadas en el mediastino medio. La MCE es una alternativa váli-da y segura a la mediastinotomía anterior en la valoración de las adenopatías y masas que ocupan las regiones paraaórtica y ventana aortopulmonar, presentando una elevada rentabili-dad diagnóstica, una baja morbilidad y una nula mortalidad

Palabras clave:
Tumores del mediastino
Carcinoma broncogé-nico
Diagnóstico
Mediastinoscopia cervical
Mediastinoscopia cervical extendida

To validate our experience with standard cervical mediasti-noscopy (SCM) and extended cervical mediastinoscopy (ECM) to diagnose mediastinal nodes and masses, we studied 181 patients between January 1992 and February 2001. SCM and ECM were indicated for diagnostic staging of nodes rela-ted to bronchogenic carcinoma (Group I) or of mediastinal masses (Group II). An SCM was performed in all cases to ex-plore the paratracheal region (2R, 2L, 4R, 4L, 7, 10R and 10L); in 21 additional cases, an ECM was performed to explo-re the aortopulmonary window or the subaortic region (area 5) and the para-aortic region (area 6). In Group I, the sensiti-vity of SCM was 93.6% and specificity was 100%; the positive predictive value (PPV) was 100%, the negative predictive va-lue (NPV) was 82.8%, and the diagnostic yield was 95.1%. The sensitivity of ECM was 91% and specificity was 100%; PPV was 100%, NPV 93.3% and yield was 96%. In Group II, the sensitivity was 93.3%, specificity 100%, PPV 100%, NPV 81.2% and diagnostic yield 94.8%. The sensitivity of ECM in this group was 80%, specificity was 100%, PPV 100%, NPV 66.7% and yield 85.7%. A 2.7% complication rate was obser-ved, with one case of bleeding after injury to the superior vena cava, one tracheal lesion, one recurring paralysis and two ca-ses of surgical wound infection. The mean postoperative stay was 36 hours and mortality was zero

We conclude that SCM is highly specific for the evaluation of mediastinal node involvement in bronchogenic carci-noma and it is the approach of choice when a diagnosis of lesions located in the mid-mediastinal region has not been reached. ECM is a valid, safe alternative to anterior medias-tinotomy for staging nodes and masses occupying para-aor-tic zones or the aortopulmonary window, with good diag-nostic yield, low morbidity and absence of mortality

Keywords:
Mediastinal tumors
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Diag-nosis
Cervical mediastinoscopy
Extended cervical mediastinos-copy
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
T. Funatsu, Y. Matsubara, R. Hatacenaka, S. Kosaba, Y. Yasuda, S. Ikeda.
The role of mediastinoscopic biopsy in preoperative assessment of lung cancer.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 104 (1992), pp. 1688-1695
[2.]
S. Elia, C. Cecere, F. Giampaglia, G. Ferrante.
Mediastinoscopy verses anterior mediastinotomy in the diagnosis of mediastinal lymphoma: a randomized trial.
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 6 (1992), pp. 361-365
[3.]
K. Brown, D.R. Aberle, P. Batra, R.J. Steckel.
Current use of imaging in the evaluation of primary mediastinal masses.
Chest, 98 (1998), pp. 466-473
[4.]
A. Gdeedo, P. Van Schil, B. Corthouts, F. Van Mieghem, J. Van Meerbeeck, E. Van Marck.
Prospective evaluation of tomography and mediastinoscopy in mediastinal lymph node staging.
Eur Respir J, 10 (1997), pp. 1547-1551
[5.]
R.M. Pieterman, J.W.G. Van Putten, J.J. Meuzelaar, E.L. Moojaart, W. Vaalburg, G.H. Keter, et al.
Preoperative staging of non-small-celllung cancer with positron emission tomography.
N Engl J Med, 343 (2000), pp. 254-261
[6.]
S.A. Roberts.
Obtaining tissue from the mediastinum: endoscopic ultrasound guided transoesophageal biopsy.
Thorax, 55 (2000), pp. 983-985
[7.]
B. Dillemans, G. Deneffe, J. Verschakelen, M. Decramer.
Value of computed tomography and mediastinoscopy in preoperative evaluation of mediastinal nodes in non-small cell lung cancer.
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 8 (1994), pp. 37-42
[8.]
J. Freixinet, P. Gámez, F. Rodríguez de Castro, P. Rodríguez, N. Santana, A. Varela.
Extended cervical mediastinoscopy in the staging of bronchogenic carcinoma.
Ann Thorac Surg, 70 (2000), pp. 1641-1643
[9.]
R.J. Landreneau, S.R. Hazelrigg, M.J. Mack, L.D. Fitzgibbon, R.D. Dowling, T.E. Acuff, et al.
Thoracoscopic mediastinal lymph node sampling: useful for mediastinal lymph node stations inaccessible by cervical mediastinoscopy.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 106 (1993), pp. 554-558
[10.]
J. Martín de Nicolás Serrahima, S. García Barajas, C. Marrón Fernández, V. Díaz-Hellin Gude, E. Larrú Cabrero, M. Oteo Lozano, et al.
Complicaciones técnicas de la exploración quirúrgica del mediastino en la estadificación del cáncer de pulmón.
Arch Bronconeumol, 35 (1999), pp. 390-394
[11.]
C. García Sobrado, A. Rodríguez Pérez, J. Rubio Martínez, E. García García, A. Rojas Castro, A. Varela de Ugarte, et al.
Mediastinoscopia: a propósito de 100 casos.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Rean, 36 (1989), pp. 353-355
[12.]
F.G. Pearson, N.C. Delarue, R. Ilves, T.R.J. Todd, J.D. Cooper.
Significance of positive superior mediastinal nodes identified at mediastinoscopy in patients with resectable cancer of the lung.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 83 (1982), pp. 1-11
[13.]
R. Rami, M. Mateu, G. González, M. Cuesta.
Resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico del carcinoma broncogénico N2 patológico con mediastinoscopia negativa.
Arch Bronconeumol, 36 (2000), pp. 365-370
[14.]
P.E.Y. Van Schill, R.H.G.G. Van Hee, E.L.G. Schoofs.
The value of mediastinoscopy in operative staging of bronchogenic carcinoma.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 97 (1989), pp. 240-244
[15.]
W.P. Luke, F.G. Pearson, T.R.J. Todd, G.A. Patterson, J.D. Cooper.
Prospective evaluation of mediastinoscopy for assessment of carcinoma of the lung.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 91 (1986), pp. 53-56
[16.]
C.A. Staples, N.L. Müller, R.R. Miller, K. Evans, B. Nelems.
Mediastinal nodes in bronchogenic carcinoma: comparison between CT and mediastinoscopy.
Radiology, 167 (1988), pp. 367-372
[17.]
D. Meersschaut, F. Vermassen, A. Brutel de la Rivière, P.J. Knaepen, J.M. Van Den Bosch, R. Vanderchueren.
Repeat mediastinoscopy in the assessment of new and recurrent lung neoplasm.
Ann Thorac Surg, 53 (1992), pp. 120-122
[18.]
R.J. Ginsberg, T.W. Rice, M. Goldberg, P.F. Waters, B.J. Schmocker.
Extended cervical mediastinoscopy. A single staging procedure for bronchogenic carcinoma of the left upper lobe.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 94 (1987), pp. 673-678
[19.]
E.A. Rendina, F. Venuta, T. De Giacomo, P.P. Ciriaco, E.O. Pescarmona, F. Francioni, et al.
Comparative merits of thoracoscopy, mediastinoscopy, and mediastinotomy for mediastinal biopsy.
Ann Thorac Surg, 57 (1994), pp. 992-995
[20.]
M. Jahangiri, P. Goldstraw.
The role of mediastinoscopy in superior vena cava obstruction.
Ann Thorac Surg, 59 (1995), pp. 453-455
[21.]
T.B. Ferguson.
Complications of bronchoscopy and mediastinoscopy.
Complications of intrathoracic surgery, pp. 289-293
[22.]
S.L. Schubach, R.J. Landreneau.
Mediastinoscopy injury of the bronchus: Use of incontinuity bronchial flap repair.
Ann Thorac Surg, 53 (1992), pp. 1101-1103
[23.]
M. Al-Sofyani, D.E. Maziak, F.M. Shamji.
Cervical mediastinoscopy incisional metastasis.
Ann Thorac Surg, 69 (2000), pp. 1255-1277
Copyright © 2003. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?