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Vol. 60. Issue 11.
Pages 682-689 (November 2024)
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Vol. 60. Issue 11.
Pages 682-689 (November 2024)
Original Article
Increased TGFβ1, VEGF and IFN-γ in the Sputum of Severe Asthma Patients With Bronchiectasis
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Donghai Maa, Xavier Muñoza,b,c,
Corresponding author
xavier.munoz@vallhebron.cat

Corresponding author.
, Iñigo Ojangurena,b, Christian Romero-Mesonesa, David Soler-Segoviaa, Diego Varona-Porresd, María-Jesús Cruza,b
a Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Vall d́Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
b Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
c Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
d Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario Vall d́Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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Tables (3)
Table 1. Sociodemographic, Clinical Data and Questionnaires.
Table 2. Assessment of Bronchiectasis in Radiological and Clinical Parameters.
Table 3. Inflammatory Profile and Phenotype in Patients With Bronchiectasis (AB) and Without Bronchiectasis (AC).
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Additional material (1)
Abstract
Background

Bronchiectasis is one of the most common comorbidities in severe asthma. However, the mechanisms by which asthma promotes the development and progress of this condition are not well defined. This study aimed to analyze the inflammatory phenotypes and quantify the expression of proinflammatory and remodeling cytokines in asthma patients with and without bronchiectasis.

Methods

The study sample comprised individuals with severe asthma and bronchiectasis (group AB, n=55) and a control population of individuals with severe asthma without bronchiectasis (group AC, n=45). Induced sputum samples were obtained and cell types determined by differential cell count. Proinflammatory and bronchial remodeling cytokines (IL-8, neutrophilic elastase, TGFβ1, VEGF, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and GM-CSF) were analyzed by immunoassay in sputum supernatant.

Results

Neutrophilic inflammation was the primary phenotype in both asthma groups. Higher levels of TGFβ1, VEGF and IFN-γ were observed in asthma patients with bronchiectasis (group AB) than in controls (group AC) (15 vs 24pg/ml, p=0.014; 183 vs 272pg/ml, p=0.048; 0.85 vs 19pg/ml, p<0.001, respectively). Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) levels were significantly lower in the AB group than in the AC group (1.2 vs 4.4pg/ml, p<0.001). IL-8, neutrophil elastase and TNF-α did not present significant differences between the groups.

Conclusions

Raised levels of TGFβ1 and VEGF cytokines may indicate airway remodeling activation in asthma patients with bronchiectasis. The type of inflammation in asthma patients did not differ according to the presence or absence of bronchiectasis.

Keywords:
Inflammation
Cytokine
Phenotype
Neutrophil
Macrophage
Remodeling

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