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Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Risk
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Juan P. de-Torres1,2,
, David O. Wilson3, Juan P. Wisnivesky4, Mary M. Salvatore5, Eva Polverino6, Luis M. Seijo7
1 Pulmonary Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
2 Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
3 Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, United States of America
4 Division of General Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA, United States of America
5 Department of Radiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
6 Pulmonary Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
7 Pulmonary Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract

Lung Cancer (LC), the leading cause of death due to malignancy in both males and females, is common in patients with coexisting respiratory comorbidities. Many of these share common etiologies with LC such as smoking, biomass fume or occupational exposure, and ambient air pollution, but also a genetic predisposition and/or common pathophysiologic mechanisms, chief among them chronic inflammation, altered immune surveillance, cell injury and increased turnover, to name a few. This common thread puts patients with respiratory comorbidities at increased risk of developing LC.

The present article reviews why patients with 5 of the most prevalent chronic respiratory diseases (COPD, asthma, Interstitial Lung Disease, Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Bronchiectasis) are at increased risk of LC and the potential pathological mechanisms underlying this clinically relevant association.

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