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Vol. 42. Issue 1.
Pages 21-24 (January 2006)
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Vol. 42. Issue 1.
Pages 21-24 (January 2006)
Original Articles
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Smoking Among Adolescents: Population Study on Parental and School Influences
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A.M. Yáñeza,
Corresponding author
ayanez@hgv.es

Correspondence: Dra. A.M. Yáñez. Unidad de Epidemiología Clínica. Hospital General de Vic. Francesc Pla, 1. 08500 Vic. Barcelona. España
, R. Lópeza, J. Serra-Batllesb, N. Rogerb, A. Arnaua, P. Rouraa
a Unidad de Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital General de Vic, Vic, Barcelona, Spain
b Servicio de Neumología, Hospital General de Vic, Vic, Barcelona, Spain
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Objective

Smoking represents a public health problem, one which begins during adolescence. The main objective of this study was to analyze the association between smoking and parental and school factors.

Subjects and method

The study sample consisted of the students from the 20 secondary schools in the region of Osona, Barcelona, Spain. A self-report questionnaire was used to obtain information on the following variables: smoking habit, age of initiation, frequency, type of school (state school or private-subsidized), sex, age, persons living in the home, town, whether the student had lunch at school, whether the student often had lunch or dinner alone at home.

Results

A total of 2280 students participated in the study (91%). Mean age was 15.5 years. Of the participants, 20% said they were smokers; 5%, ex-smokers; 34% had tried smoking at least once, and 41% had never smoked. Factors significantly associated with smoking in the multivariate analysis were age, rural town, state school, single parent family, eating alone, and not lunching at school.

Conclusions

Smoking prevalence is high among adolescents in our society and there is no gender difference. Our results show that family structure and dynamics can influence smoking in adolescents. Smoking is less prevalent among adolescents who have lunch at school.

Key words:
Adolescents
Smoking
Prevalence
Risk factors
Schools
Objetivo

El consumo de tabaco es un problema de salud pública cuya iniciación ocurre en la adolescencia. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue analizar la asociación entre consumo de tabaco y factores parentales y escolares.

Sujetos y método

La muestra del estudio fueron los 20 centros que imparten educación secundaria obligatoria en la comarca de Osona (Barcelona). Se utilizó un cuestionario autoadministrado que contenía las siguientes variables: consumo de tabaco, edad de inicio, frecuencia de consumo, tipo de centro (público o concertado), sexo, edad, convivencia, población, utilización del comedor escolar y si habitualmente comían o cenaban solos en su domicilio.

Resultados

Un total de 2.280 alumnos participaron en el estudio (91% de participación). La edad media fue de 15,5 años. Un 20% de los adolescentes se declararon fumadores, un 5% ex fumadores, un 34% lo había probado alguna vez y un 41 % no había fumado nunca. Los factores asociados significativamente al consumo de tabaco en el análisis multivariado fueron: edad, población rural, asistir a un centro público, estructura familiar monoparental, comer en solitario y no utilizar el comedor escolar.

Conclusiones

El consumo de tabaco entre los adolescentes de nuestro medio es elevado y no existen diferencias por sexo. Nuestros resultados indican que la estructura y dinámica familiares podrían influir en el consumo de tabaco en la adolescencia. La utilización del comedor escolar se asocia a un menor consumo de tabaco.

Palabras clave:
Adolescentes
Tabaquismo
Prevalencia
Factores de riesgo
Escuelas
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Study partially funded by the Agencia de Evaluación de Tecnología Médica (Grant AATRM 003/11/02).

Copyright © 2006. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
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