Malnutrition and sarcopenia are prevalent and often underdiagnosed in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), with significant implications for morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. Despite their clinical relevance, current COPD guidelines provide limited direction regarding nutritional assessment and intervention. This consensus document, developed jointly by the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) and the Spanish Society of Endocrinology and Nutrition (SEEN), offers evidence-based recommendations for the nutritional assessment and management of patients with COPD. A multidisciplinary panel of experts identified three key clinical issues relating to the prevalence and impact of malnutrition, appropriate assessment strategies, and the effectiveness of nutritional interventions. Systematic reviews were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, and the quality of evidence was assessed using SIGN and GRADE methodologies. These recommendations aim to support clinical decision-making and promote early, structured, and individualized nutritional strategies to improve outcomes in patients with COPD.
The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years.
© Clarivate Analytics, Journal Citation Reports 2025
SRJ is a prestige metric based on the idea that not all citations are the same. SJR uses a similar algorithm as the Google page rank; it provides a quantitative and qualitative measure of the journal's impact.
See moreSNIP measures contextual citation impact by wighting citations based on the total number of citations in a subject field.
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