Journal Information
Vol. 45. Issue 11.
Pages 556-560 (November 2009)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 45. Issue 11.
Pages 556-560 (November 2009)
Review article
Full text access
Prescribing Exercise in Tobacco Smoking Cessation Therapy
Prescripción de ejercicio en el tratamiento de deshabituación del tabaco
Visits
6239
Carlos Ayán Pérez
Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación y el Deporte, Campus de Pontevedra, Universidad de Vigo, Spain
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics
Abstract

Tobacco is one of the main causes of mortality in industrialized countries, yet there is no treatment that is wholly efficacious for helping smokers to quit the habit. Physical exercise is one of the low-cost nonpharmacologic strategies in rehabilitation therapies in several diseases and its practice offers a way of combating the harmful effects of smoking on health. Studies have shown that physical exercise helps reduce the intensity of some of the main symptoms that may arise when a smoker attempts to quit, yet doctors and sport therapists are generally unaware of this benefit and do not know how to prescribe exercise appropriately. This study aims to present the reasons why physical exercise should be considered as a useful nonpharmacologic aid in combatting the symptoms of smoking and smoking cessation, to review the relevant literature, and to outline basic guidelines that might serve to orient the prescription of physical exercise for smokers attempting to quit.

Keywords:
Exercise
Rehabilitation
Smoking
Resumen

El tabaco es una de las principales causas de mortalidad en los países industrializados y, sin embargo, no hay ningún tratamiento que sea completamente eficaz a la hora de ayudar a los fumadores a abandonar el hábito. El ejercicio físico es una de las estrategias no farmacológicas de bajo coste que se utilizan en el tratamiento de rehabilitación para varias enfermedades, y su práctica constituye un modo de combatir los efectos perjudiciales del tabaquismo sobre la salud. Los estudios han mostrado que el ejercicio físico ayuda a reducir la intensidad de algunos de los síntomas más importantes a que se enfrenta el fumador cuando intenta abandonar el hábito. No obstante, los médicos y terapeutas del deporte, por lo general, no son conscientes de este beneficio y desconocen cómo prescribir el ejercicio de una forma adecuada. En la presente revisión se pretende presentar las razones por las que el ejercicio físico debe contemplarse como un apoyo no farmacológico y útil para combatir los síntomas del tabaquismo y los relacionados con la deshabituación. Asimismo, se examina la bibliografía pertinente y se esbozan las directrices básicas que pudieran servir de orientación a la hora de prescribir el ejercicio físico a los fumadores que desean deshabituarse.

Palabras clave:
Ejercicio
Rehabilitación
Tabaquismo
Full text is only aviable in PDF
References
[1.]
D.K. Hatsukami, J.E. Henningfield, M. Kotlyar.
Harm reduction approaches to reducing tobacco-related mortality.
Annu Rev Public Health, 25 (2004), pp. 377-395
[2.]
C. Silagy, D. Mant, G. Fowler, T. Lancaster.
Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 3 (2000),
[3.]
S. Shiffman, J.G. Gitchell, K.E. Warner, J. Slade, J.E. Henningfield, J.M. Pinney.
Tobacco harm reduction: conceptual structure and nomenclature for analysis and research.
Nicotine Tob Res, 4 (2002), pp. 113-129
[4.]
E. Everson, A. Daley, M. Ussher.
Does exercise have an acute effect on desire to smoke, mood and withdrawal symptoms in abstaining adolescent smokers?.
Addict Behav, 31 (2006), pp. 1547-1558
[5.]
P.C. Heaton, S.M. Frede.
Patients’ need for more counseling on diet, exercise, and smoking cessation: results from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey.
J Am Pharm Assoc, 46 (2006), pp. 364-369
[6.]
L. Ferrucci, G. Izmirlian, S. Leveille, C.L. Phillips, M.C. Corti, D.B. Brock, et al.
Smoking, physical activity, and active life expectancy.
Am J Epidemiol, 149 (1999), pp. 645-653
[7.]
D.A. Lawlor, Y.M. Song, J. Sung, S. Ebrahim, G.D. Smith.
The association of smoking and cardiovascular disease in a population with low cholesterol levels. A study of 648 346 men from the Korean National Health System Prospective Cohort Study.
[8.]
W. De Ruiter, G. Faulkner.
Tobacco harm reduction strategies: the case for physical activity.
Nicotine Tob Res, 8 (2006), pp. 157-168
[9.]
M.Y. Rhee, S.H. Na, Y.K. Kim, M.M. Lee, H.Y. Kim.
Acute effects of cigarette smoking on arterial stiffness and blood pressure in male smokers with hypertension.
Am J Hypertens, 20 (2007), pp. 637-641
[10.]
A.E. Bauman.
Updating the evidence that physical activity is good for health: an epidemiological review 2000-2003.
J Sci Med Sport, 7 (2004), pp. 6-19
[11.]
J. Kruk.
Physical activity in the prevention of the most frequent chronic diseases: an analysis of the recent evidence.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 8 (2007), pp. 325-338
[12.]
Y. Mao, S. Pan, S.W. Wen, K.C. Johnson, Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research Group.
Physical activity and the risk of lung cancer in Canada.
Am J Epidemiol, 158 (2003), pp. 564-575
[13.]
A. Kubík, P. Zatloukal, L. Tomásek, N. Pauk, L. Havel, J. Dolezal, et al.
Interactions between smoking and other exposures associated with lung cancer risk in women: diet and physical activity.
Neoplasma, 54 (2007), pp. 83-88
[14.]
D.J. Harriss, N.T. Cable, K. George, T. Reilly, A.G. Renehan, N. Haboubi.
Physical activity before and after diagnosis of colorectal cancer: disease risk, clinical outcomes, response pathways and biomarkers.
Sports Med, 37 (2007), pp. 947-960
[15.]
G. Street, R. James, H. Cutt.
The relationship between organised physical recreation and mental health.
Health Promot J Austr, 18 (2007), pp. 236-239
[16.]
L. Zhang, J. Samet, B. Caffo, I. Bankman, N.M. Punjabi.
Power spectral analysis of EEG activity during sleep in cigarette smokers.
Chest, 133 (2008), pp. 427-432
[17.]
R. Grove, A. Wilkinson, B. Dawson, P. Eastwood, P. Heard.
Effects of exercise on subjective aspects of sleep during tobacco withdrawal.
Australian Psychologist, 41 (2006), pp. 69-76
[18.]
K. Perkins, L. Epstein, B. Marks, R. Stiller, R. Jacob.
The effect of nicotine on energy expenditure during light physical activity.
N Engl J Med, 320 (1989), pp. 898-903
[19.]
D. Bunce, K. Hays, L. Pring.
Smoking attenuates regular aerobic exercise benefits to episodic free recall immediately following strenuous physical activity.
Appl Cognit Psychol, 18 (2004), pp. 223-231
[20.]
A. Cayuel, S. Rodríguez-Domínguez, R. Otero.
Deteriorated health-related quality of life in healthy male smokers.
Arch Bronconeumol, 43 (2007), pp. 59-63
[21.]
M. Barrueco, G. Gómez, M. Torrecilla, A. Pérez, C. Bartolomé.
Benefit of brief interventions and pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation in teenagers.
Arch Bronconeumol, 43 (2007), pp. 334-339
[22.]
A.T. Kaczynski, S.R. Manske, R.C. Mannell, K. Grewal.
Smoking and physical activity: a systematic review.
Am J Health Behav, 32 (2008), pp. 93-110
[23.]
B.C. Castrucci, K.K. Gerlach, N.J. Kaufman, C.T. Orleans.
Tobacco use and cessation behavior among adolescents participating in organized sports.
Am J Health Behav, 28 (2004), pp. 63-71
[24.]
I. Nerín, A. Crucelaegui, P. Novella, P. Ramón y Cajal, N. Sobradiel, R. Gericó.
A survey on the relationship between tobacco use and physical exercise among university students.
Arch Bronconeumol, 40 (2004), pp. 5-9
[25.]
A. Taylor, M. Katomeri, M. Usher.
Acute effects of self-paced walking on urges to smoke during temporary smoking abstinence.
Psychofarmacology, 181 (2004), pp. 1-7
[26.]
K. Cosgrove, R. Hunter, M. Carroll.
Wheel-running attenuates intravenous cocaine self-administration in rats: sex differences.
Pharmacol Blochem Behav, 73 (2004), pp. 663-671
[27.]
A. Taylor, M. Ussher, G. Faulkner.
The acute effects of exercise on cigarette cravings, withdrawal symptoms, affect and smoking behaviour: a systemic review.
Addiction, 102 (2007), pp. 534-543
[28.]
W. Morgan.
Physical activity and mental health.
Taylor and Francis Group, (1997),
[29.]
J. Daniel, M. Cropley, C. Fife-Schaw.
The effect of exercise in reducing desire to smoke and cigarette withdrawal symptoms is not caused by distraction.
Addiction, 101 (2006), pp. 1187-1192
[30.]
M. Ussher, P. Nunziata, R. Cropley.
Effect of a short bout of exercise on tobacco withdrawal symptoms and desire to smoke.
Psychopharmacology, 158 (2001), pp. 66-72
[31.]
A. Taylor, M. Katomeri.
Walking reduces cue-elicited cigarette cravings and withdrawal symptoms, and delays ad libitum smoking.
Nicotine Tob Res, 9 (2007), pp. 1183-1190
[32.]
E. Everson, A. Daley, M. Ussher.
Does exercise have an acute effect on desire to smoke, mood and withdrawal symptoms in abstaining adolescent smokers?.
Addict Behav, 31 (2006), pp. 1547-1558
[33.]
B. Marcus, T. King, A. Albrecht, A. Parisi, D. Abrams.
Rationale design, and baseline data for commit to quit: an exercise efficacy trial for smoking cessation among women.
Prev Med, 26 (1997), pp. 586-597
[34.]
C. Patten, K. Vickers, L. Martin, C. Williams.
Exercise interventions for smokers with a history of alcoholism: exercise adherence rates and effect of depression on adherence.
Addict Behav, 28 (2003), pp. 657-667
[35.]
B. Bock, B. Marcus, T. King, B. Borrelli, M. Roberts.
Exercise effects of withdrawal and mood among women attempting smoking cessation.
Addict Behav, 34 (1999), pp. 399-410
[36.]
B. Marcus, B. Lewis, J. Hogan, T. King, A. Albrecht, B. Bock, et al.
The efficacy of moderate-intensity exercise as an aid for smoking cessation in women: a randomized controlled trial.
Nicotine Tob Res, 7 (2005), pp. 871-880
[37.]
M. Ussher.
Exercise interventions in smoking cessation.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev, (2005),
[38.]
B. Marcus, A. Albretcht, T. King, A. Parisi, B. Pinto, M. Roberts, et al.
The efficacy of exercise as an aid for smoking cessation in women.
Arch Intern Med, 159 (1999), pp. 1229-1234
[39.]
M. Ussher, R. West, A. McEwen, A. Taylor, A. Steptoe.
Efficacy of exercise counselling as an aid for smoking cessation: a randomized controlled trial.
Addiction, 98 (2003), pp. 523-532
[40.]
M. Ussher, R. West, A. McEwen, A. Taylor, A. Steptoe.
Randomized controlled trial of physical activity counselling as an aid to smoking cessation: 12 month follow-up.
Addict Behav, 32 (2007), pp. 3060-3064
[41.]
M. Ussher, R. West, R. Doshi, A. Sampuran.
Acute effect of isometric exercise on desire to smoke and tobacco withdrawal symptoms.
Hum Psychopharmacol Clin Exp, 21 (2006), pp. 39-46
[42.]
J. Daniel, M. Cropley, M. Ussher, R. West.
Acute effects of a short bout of moderate versus light intensity exercise versus inactivity on tobacco withdrawal symptoms in sedentary smokers.
Psychopharmacology, 174 (2004), pp. 320-326
[43.]
I. Nerin, P. Novella, A. Belmonte, P. Gargallo, A. Jiménez-Muro, A. Marqueta.
Results of smoking cessation therapy in a specialist unit.
Arch Bronconeumol, 43 (2007), pp. 669-673
Copyright © 2009. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?