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Vol. 40. Issue 12.
Pages 558-562 (December 2004)
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Vol. 40. Issue 12.
Pages 558-562 (December 2004)
Original Article
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Predictors of Success at 6-Month Follow up for Smokers Treated at a Smoking Cessation Clinic
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I. Nerína,
Corresponding author
isabelne@unizar.es

Correspondence: Dra. I. Nerín. Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría. Facultad de Medicina. Edificio B. Domingo Miral, s/n. 50009 Zaragoza. España
, P. Novellab, A. Crucelaeguib, A. Beamontec, N. Sobradielb, P. Gargalloc
a Unidad de Tabaquismo FMZ, Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
b Unidad de Tabaquismo FMZ, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
c Departamento de Métodos Estadísticos, Escuela Universitaria de Estudios Empresariales, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Objective

TO identify the predictors of successful outcome in a smoking cessation program at 6-month follow up.

Material and Methods

Cross-sectional descriptive study of a sample of smokers who attended a smoking cessation clinic for combined medical and cognitive-behavioral group therapy. The independent variables assessed included age, sex, level of education, nicotine dependence (Fagerström test), prior attempts to quit smoking, medication prescribed, compliance with group therapy regimen, and success at week and 3 months. Success was defined as self-reported abstinence, confirmed by CO-oximetry (carbon monoxide <10 ppm). Odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) were calculated for the categorical variables and a test of statistical significance of differences between means was performed for quantitative variables. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed and significant variables were entered into a multivariate logistic regression model.

Results

The study population comprised 248 individuals, 67.7% male and 32.3% female, with a mean (SD) age of 43.1 (10.5) years. The mean score on the Fagerström test was 6.3 (2.1) points and 84.7% of the individuals complied with the treatment regimen. Success rates were as follows: 77% at week, 30.2% at 3 months, and 31.9% at 6 months. Three variables- success at 3 months, age, and nicotine dependence-were entered into the multivariate logistic regression model; the only variable predictive of successful smoking cessation at 6 months was success at 3 months.

Conclusions

Individuals who fully comply with treatment and abstain from smoking during the first weeks are more likely to be successful at 6 months.

Key Words:
Tobacco addiction
Predictors of success
Smoking cessation
Objetivo

Analizar los factores predictores del éxito de un programa de deshabituación tabáquica a los 6 meses de seguimiento.

Material Y Métodos

Se ha realizado un estudio analítico transversal en una muestra formada por fumadores que habían accedido a una unidad de tabaquismo para tratamiento multi-componente en grupo. Las variables independientes analizadas fueron: edad, sexo, nivel de estudios, dependencia la nicotina (test de Fagerström), intentos previos, fármaco prescrito, cum-plimentación del tratamiento grupal, éxito a la semana y a los 3 meses. Se consideró éxito la abstinencia autodeclarada y confir-mada mediante cooximetría (monóxido de carbono < 10 ppm).

Se aplicó un análisis de regresión logística univariante, de-terminando las odds ratios con los intervalos de confianza del 95% para las variables categóricas, y el test de diferencia de medias para las variables cuantitativas; aquellas que mostra-ron significación estadística se introdujeron en un modelo de regresión logística multivariante.

Resultados

La población de estudio estaba compuesta por 248 individuos, el 67,7% varones y el 32,3% mujeres, con un media (± desviación estándar) de edad de 43,1 ± 10,5 años. En cuanto a la dependencia de la nicotina, la puntuación media en el test de Fagerström era de 6,3 ±2,1 puntos, y el 84,7% de los individuos cumplió bien el tratamiento. Las tasas de éxito fueron del 77, el 30,2 y el 31,9% a la semana y a los 3 y 6 meses, respectivamente. Las variables: éxito a los 3 meses, edad y dependencia de la nicotina se introdujeron en el modelo de regresión logística multivariante, y la única variable predictora de éxito a los seis meses fue la primera.

Conclusiones

Los individuos que cumplen bien el tratamiento y no fuman nada durante las primeras semanas tienen más probabilidades de lograr el éxito a los 6 meses.

Palabras clave:
Tabaquismo
Predictores de éxito
Deshabituación tabáquica
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Copyright © 2004. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
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