Original Article
Predictors of Success at 6-Month Follow up for Smokers Treated at a Smoking Cessation Clinic
I. Nerína,
, P. Novellab, A. Crucelaeguib, A. Beamontec, N. Sobradielb, P. Gargalloc
Corresponding author
isabelne@unizar.es
Correspondence: Dra. I. Nerín. Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría. Facultad de Medicina. Edificio B. Domingo Miral, s/n. 50009 Zaragoza. España
Correspondence: Dra. I. Nerín. Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría. Facultad de Medicina. Edificio B. Domingo Miral, s/n. 50009 Zaragoza. España
a Unidad de Tabaquismo FMZ, Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
b Unidad de Tabaquismo FMZ, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
c Departamento de Métodos Estadísticos, Escuela Universitaria de Estudios Empresariales, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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"apellidos" => "Nerín" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "isabelne@unizar.es" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor1" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "P." "apellidos" => "Novella" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Crucelaegui" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Beamonte" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "N." "apellidos" => "Sobradiel" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "P." "apellidos" => "Gargallo" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Tabaquismo FMZ, Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Tabaquismo FMZ, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Métodos Estadísticos, Escuela Universitaria de Estudios Empresariales, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "*" "correspondencia" => "Correspondence: Dra. I. Nerín. Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría. Facultad de Medicina. Edificio B. Domingo Miral, s/n. 50009 Zaragoza. España" ] ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2004-03-23" "fechaAceptado" => "2004-04-20" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key Words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec153222" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Tobacco addiction" 1 => "Predictors of success" 2 => "Smoking cessation" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec153223" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Tabaquismo" 1 => "Predictores de éxito" 2 => "Deshabituación tabáquica" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">TO identify the predictors of successful outcome in a smoking cessation program at 6-month follow up.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and Methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cross-sectional descriptive study of a sample of smokers who attended a smoking cessation clinic for combined medical and cognitive-behavioral group therapy. The independent variables assessed included age, sex, level of education, nicotine dependence (Fagerström test), prior attempts to quit smoking, medication prescribed, compliance with group therapy regimen, and success at week and 3 months. Success was defined as self-reported abstinence, confirmed by CO-oximetry (carbon monoxide <10 ppm). Odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) were calculated for the categorical variables and a test of statistical significance of differences between means was performed for quantitative variables. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed and significant variables were entered into a multivariate logistic regression model.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The study population comprised 248 individuals, 67.7% male and 32.3% female, with a mean (SD) age of 43.1 (10.5) years. The mean score on the Fagerström test was 6.3 (2.1) points and 84.7% of the individuals complied with the treatment regimen. Success rates were as follows: 77% at week, 30.2% at 3 months, and 31.9% at 6 months. Three variables- success at 3 months, age, and nicotine dependence-were entered into the multivariate logistic regression model; the only variable predictive of successful smoking cessation at 6 months was success at 3 months.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Individuals who fully comply with treatment and abstain from smoking during the first weeks are more likely to be successful at 6 months.</p>" ] "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Analizar los factores predictores del éxito de un programa de deshabituación tabáquica a los 6 meses de seguimiento.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material Y Métodos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se ha realizado un estudio analítico transversal en una muestra formada por fumadores que habían accedido a una unidad de tabaquismo para tratamiento multi-componente en grupo. Las variables independientes analizadas fueron: edad, sexo, nivel de estudios, dependencia la nicotina (test de Fagerström), intentos previos, fármaco prescrito, cum-plimentación del tratamiento grupal, éxito a la semana y a los 3 meses. Se consideró éxito la abstinencia autodeclarada y confir-mada mediante cooximetría (monóxido de carbono < 10 ppm).</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se aplicó un análisis de regresión logística univariante, de-terminando las <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">odds ratios</span> con los intervalos de confianza del 95% para las variables categóricas, y el test de diferencia de medias para las variables cuantitativas; aquellas que mostra-ron significación estadística se introdujeron en un modelo de regresión logística multivariante.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La población de estudio estaba compuesta por 248 individuos, el 67,7% varones y el 32,3% mujeres, con un media (± desviación estándar) de edad de 43,1 ± 10,5 años. En cuanto a la dependencia de la nicotina, la puntuación media en el test de Fagerström era de 6,3 ±2,1 puntos, y el 84,7% de los individuos cumplió bien el tratamiento. Las tasas de éxito fueron del 77, el 30,2 y el 31,9% a la semana y a los 3 y 6 meses, respectivamente. Las variables: éxito a los 3 meses, edad y dependencia de la nicotina se introdujeron en el modelo de regresión logística multivariante, y la única variable predictora de éxito a los seis meses fue la primera.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los individuos que cumplen bien el tratamiento y no fuman nada durante las primeras semanas tienen más probabilidades de lograr el éxito a los 6 meses.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "REFERENCES" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:26 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "La medicina clínica preventiva: el futuro de la prevención" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "L Salleras" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 6 | 5 | 11 |
| 2024 October | 35 | 21 | 56 |
| 2024 September | 37 | 18 | 55 |
| 2024 August | 60 | 43 | 103 |
| 2024 July | 37 | 19 | 56 |
| 2024 June | 26 | 23 | 49 |
| 2024 May | 49 | 32 | 81 |
| 2024 April | 17 | 26 | 43 |
| 2024 March | 33 | 16 | 49 |
| 2024 February | 16 | 18 | 34 |
| 2023 March | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 2023 February | 13 | 24 | 37 |
| 2023 January | 22 | 32 | 54 |
| 2022 December | 22 | 40 | 62 |
| 2022 November | 21 | 22 | 43 |
| 2022 October | 27 | 28 | 55 |
| 2022 September | 22 | 23 | 45 |
| 2022 August | 22 | 32 | 54 |
| 2022 July | 21 | 50 | 71 |
| 2022 June | 24 | 31 | 55 |
| 2022 May | 28 | 32 | 60 |
| 2022 April | 22 | 25 | 47 |
| 2022 March | 28 | 48 | 76 |
| 2022 February | 22 | 30 | 52 |
| 2022 January | 17 | 24 | 41 |
| 2021 December | 23 | 44 | 67 |
| 2021 November | 11 | 34 | 45 |
| 2021 October | 17 | 47 | 64 |
| 2021 September | 15 | 39 | 54 |
| 2021 August | 10 | 33 | 43 |
| 2021 July | 11 | 25 | 36 |
| 2021 June | 13 | 35 | 48 |
| 2021 May | 12 | 20 | 32 |
| 2021 April | 37 | 40 | 77 |
| 2021 March | 9 | 8 | 17 |
| 2021 February | 8 | 12 | 20 |
| 2021 January | 9 | 11 | 20 |
| 2020 December | 14 | 9 | 23 |
| 2020 November | 5 | 13 | 18 |
| 2020 October | 5 | 7 | 12 |
| 2020 September | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2020 August | 7 | 6 | 13 |
| 2020 July | 11 | 17 | 28 |
| 2020 June | 5 | 4 | 9 |
| 2020 May | 9 | 16 | 25 |
| 2020 April | 13 | 7 | 20 |
| 2020 March | 33 | 10 | 43 |
| 2020 February | 73 | 12 | 85 |
| 2020 January | 48 | 17 | 65 |
| 2019 December | 19 | 16 | 35 |
| 2019 November | 15 | 14 | 29 |
| 2019 October | 4 | 5 | 9 |
| 2019 September | 10 | 10 | 20 |
| 2019 August | 8 | 10 | 18 |
| 2019 July | 9 | 14 | 23 |
| 2019 June | 3 | 8 | 11 |
| 2019 May | 9 | 16 | 25 |
| 2019 April | 9 | 28 | 37 |
| 2019 March | 4 | 21 | 25 |
| 2019 February | 4 | 17 | 21 |
| 2019 January | 7 | 14 | 21 |
| 2018 December | 3 | 10 | 13 |
| 2018 November | 11 | 16 | 27 |
| 2018 October | 14 | 17 | 31 |
| 2018 September | 9 | 10 | 19 |
| 2018 May | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2018 April | 8 | 8 | 16 |
| 2018 March | 8 | 3 | 11 |
| 2018 February | 3 | 6 | 9 |
| 2018 January | 8 | 9 | 17 |
| 2017 December | 4 | 6 | 10 |
| 2017 November | 4 | 7 | 11 |
| 2017 October | 3 | 9 | 12 |
| 2017 September | 4 | 5 | 9 |
| 2017 August | 4 | 9 | 13 |
| 2017 July | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 2017 June | 9 | 11 | 20 |
| 2017 May | 5 | 4 | 9 |
| 2017 April | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 2017 March | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 2017 February | 0 | 5 | 5 |
| 2017 January | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| 2016 December | 18 | 13 | 31 |
| 2016 November | 13 | 7 | 20 |
| 2016 October | 16 | 5 | 21 |
| 2016 September | 17 | 8 | 25 |
| 2016 August | 19 | 7 | 26 |
| 2016 July | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 2016 April | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2016 March | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2015 December | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2015 October | 41 | 1 | 42 |
| 2015 September | 35 | 9 | 44 |
| 2015 August | 30 | 10 | 40 |
| 2015 July | 45 | 10 | 55 |
| 2015 June | 35 | 6 | 41 |
| 2015 May | 51 | 5 | 56 |
| 2015 April | 39 | 9 | 48 |
| 2015 March | 33 | 7 | 40 |
| 2015 February | 26 | 3 | 29 |
| 2015 January | 37 | 5 | 42 |
| 2014 December | 32 | 3 | 35 |
| 2014 November | 33 | 6 | 39 |
| 2014 October | 50 | 10 | 60 |
| 2014 September | 29 | 6 | 35 |
| 2014 August | 39 | 8 | 47 |
| 2014 July | 35 | 6 | 41 |
| 2014 June | 49 | 8 | 57 |
| 2014 May | 54 | 8 | 62 |
| 2014 April | 43 | 3 | 46 |
| 2014 March | 43 | 6 | 49 |
| 2014 February | 38 | 8 | 46 |
| 2014 January | 21 | 5 | 26 |
| 2013 December | 33 | 9 | 42 |
| 2013 November | 21 | 5 | 26 |
| 2013 October | 25 | 9 | 34 |
| 2013 September | 27 | 7 | 34 |
| 2013 August | 34 | 9 | 43 |
| 2013 July | 37 | 10 | 47 |
| 2013 June | 30 | 10 | 40 |
| 2013 May | 32 | 6 | 38 |
| 2013 April | 20 | 3 | 23 |
| 2013 March | 14 | 2 | 16 |
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