Article information
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
A. López Encuentra, C. León González, J. López Mejías, et al.
Grupo de Trabajo de SEPAR. Normativa sobre nomenclatura y clasificación del carcinoma broncogénico.
Ediciones Doyma, S.A, (1986),
[2.]
J.C. Nesbitt, D.W.O. Moores.
Staging of lung cancer.
Thoracic oncology, pp. 84-103
[3.]
American Joint Committee on Cancer. Manual for staging of cancer, 4.a, pp. 115-122
[4.]
Union Internationale Contre le Cancer. TNM classification of malignant tumours (4. a ed 2.a revisión), pp. 77-80
[5.]
Union Internationale Contre le Cancer. TNM supplement 1993. A commentary on uniform use, pp. 34-36
[6.]
Union Internationale Contre le Cáncer. TNM supplement 1993. A commentary on uniform use, pp. 57
[7.]
R. Rami Porta, J.L. Duque Medina, J.R. Hernández Hernández, A. López Encuentra, J. Sánchez de Cos Escuín, Grupo de Trabajo SEPAR.
Normativa sobre diagnóstico y estadificación del carcinoma broncogénico.
Ediciones Doyma, S.A, (1996),
[8.]
UICC International Union Against Cancer: TNM classification of malignant tumours, 5.a, pp. 91-97
[9.]
AJCC cancer staging manual, 5.a, pp. 127-137
[10.]
C.F. Mountain.
Revisions in the international system for staging lung cancer.
Chest, 111 (1997), pp. 1.710-1.717
[11.]
C.F. Mountain, C.M. Dresler.
Regional lymph node classification for lung cancer staging.
Chest, 111 (1997), pp. 1.718-1.723
[12.]
International Union Against Cancer TNM Atlas, 4.a, pp. 153-166
[13.]
American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society.
Pre-treatment evaluation of non-small-cell lung cancer, 156 (1997), pp. 320-332
[14.]
Ginsberg R, Cox J, Green M, et al. Staging classification committee. Lung Cancer 197; 17(Supl 1): 11-13.
[15.]
R. Rami-Porta.
Bronchogenic Carcinoma Cooperative Group of the Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery. Analysis of survival according to the new 1997 stage grouping classification of lung cancer.
Lung Cancer, 18 (1997), pp. 106-107
[16.]
Grupo Cooperativo de Carcinoma Broncogénico de la Sociedad Española de Neumología, Cirugía Torácica (GCCB-SEPAR).
Reflections on the revisions in the international system for sta ging lung cancer.
Chest, 113 (1998), pp. 1.728-1.729
[17.]
P. Goldstraw.
Report on the international workshop on intrathoracic staging. London, October 1996.
Lung Cancer, 18 (1997), pp. 107-111
[18.]
D.T. Carr, P.Y. Holoye, W.K. Hong.
Bronchogenic carcinoma.
Textbook of respiratory medicine, pp. 1.528-1.596
[19.]
S.G. Spiro.
Lung tumours.
Textbook of respiratory medicine, pp. 832-879
[20.]
J.M. Garcés, Y. Guasch, J. Planas, J. Broquetas, L. Drobnic.
Cáncer de pulmón. Análisis de 122 casos.
Med Clin (Barc), 79 (1982), pp. 441-444
[22.]
M. García Marrón, F. Gallo Martín, J.P. García Muñoz, J.L. Viejo Bañuelos.
Estudio de las técnicas de diagnóstico en cien pacientes con carcinoma bronquial.
Arch Bronconeumol, 22 (1986), pp. 17-23
[23.]
S. Lyubsky, M.J. Jacobson.
Lung cancer. Making the diagnosis.
Chest, 100 (1991), pp. 511-520
[24.]
G. Buccheri, P. Barberis, M.S. Delfino.
Diagnostic, morphologic and histopathologic correlates in bronchogenic carcinoma. A review of 1,045 bronchoscopic examinations.
Chest, 99 (1991), pp. 809-814
[25.]
S. Romero Candeira, I. Padilla Navas, L. Jiménez Cruzado, M.A. Pajes Juanola, E. Vilaplana Vilaplana, A. Cabezas Jiménez.
Renta bilidad diagnóstica de la broncofibroscopia en el carcinoma bronquial.
Rev Clin Esp, 174 (1984), pp. 243-246
[27.]
W. Popp, M. Merkie, B. Schreiber, H. Rauscher, L. Ritschka, H. Zwick.
How much brushing is enough for the diagnosis of lung tumors.
Cancer, 70 (1992), pp. 2.278-2.280
[28.]
J. Popovich, P.A. Kvale, M.S. Eichenhorn, J.R. Radke, M. Ohorodnik, G. Fine.
Diagnostic accuracy of multiple biopsies from flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 125 (1982), pp. 521-523
[29.]
Ch.H. Lee, Ch.H. Wang, Mc.H. Lin, et al.
Multiple brushings with immediate Riu's stain via flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy without fluoroscopic guidance in the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary tumors.
Thorax, 50 (1995), pp. 18-21
[30.]
J. De Gracia, C. Bravo.
Diagnostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage in peripheral lung cancer.
Am Rev Res pir Dis, 147 (1993), pp. 649-652
[31.]
M. Pirozynsky.
Bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of peripheral, primary lung cancer.
Chest, 102 (1992), pp. 372-374
[32.]
A. Marín Pérez, A. Xaubet Mir, C. Picado Vallés, A. Agustí Vidal.
Punción aspirativa transbronquial y lavado broncoalveolar en el diagnóstico del cáncer primitivo del pulmón.
Arch Bronconeumol, 25 (1989), pp. 93-96
[33.]
S. Gasparini, M. Ferretti, E.B. Secchi, S. Baldelli, L. Zucatosta, P. Gusella.
Integration of transbronquial and percutaneous approach in the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary nodules or mases. Experiencewith 1,027 consecutive cases.
Chest, 108 (1995), pp. 131-137
[34.]
C.T. Anders, J.E. Johnson, B.A. Bush, J.I. Matthews.
Transbronchial biopsy without fluoroscopy.
Chest, 94 (1988), pp. 557-560
[35.]
R.J. Zarbo, C.M. Fenoglio-Preiser.
Interinstitutional database for comparison of performance in lung fine-needle aspiration citology. A College of American Pathologists Q-Probe Study of 5,264 cases with histologic correlation.
Arch Pathol Lab Med, 116 (1992), pp. 463-470
[36.]
A. Salazar, J.L. Westcott.
The role of transthoracic needle biopsy for the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer.
Clin Chest Med, 14 (1993), pp. 99-109
[37.]
E. Martínez Moragón, J. Aparicio Urtasun, J. Sanchís Aldás, et al.
Fibrobroncoscopia en el cáncer de pulmón: relación entre radiología, endoscopia e histología, y rendimiento diagnóstico en una serie de 1.801 casos.
Arch Bronconeumol, 30 (1994), pp. 291-296
[38.]
J. Castella, S. Hernández Félix, C. Puzo, et al.
Punción bronquial aspirativa en las neoplasias localizadas en bronquios centrales.
Arch Bronconeumol, 27 (1991), pp. 68-70
[40.]
M.A. De Gregorio Ariza, J. Torre Nuez, E.R. Alfonso Agurán, F. Duce García, J.L. Villavieja Atance, E. Bustamante Arias.
Complicaciones y riesgos de la punción aspirativa transtorácica. Estu dio en 873 pacientes y revisión de la literatura.
Arch Bronconeu mol, 26 (1990), pp. 186-191
[41.]
J.S.J. Thomas, D. Lamb, T. Ashcroft, et al.
How reliable is the diagnosis of lung cancer using small biopsy specimens?. Report of a UKCCCR Lung Cancer Working Party.
Thorax, 48 (1993), pp. 1.135-1.139
[42.]
S.D.J.M. Kanters, J.W.J. Lammers, E.E. Voest.
Molecular and biological factors in the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer.
Eur Respir J, 8 (1995), pp. 1.389-1.397
[43.]
B.E. Johnson.
Biologic and molecular prognostic factors. Impact on treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
Chest, 107 (1995), pp. 287-290
[44.]
E.F. Smit, H.J.M. Groen, T.A.W. Splinter, T. Ebeis, P.E. Postmous.
New prognostic factors in resectable non-small cell lung cáncer.
Thorax, 51 (1996), pp. 638-646
[45.]
D. Ferrigno, G. Buccheri, A. Biggi.
Serum tumour markers in lung cancer: history, biology and clinical applications.
Eur Respir J, 7 (1994), pp. 186-197
[46.]
J.R. Hernández Hernández.
Importancia y significado pronóstico de los marcadores tumorales en neumología.
Arch Bronconeumol, 33 (1997), pp. 485-487
[47.]
D. Rastel, A. Ramaioli, F. Comillie, B. Thirion.
CYFRA 21-1, a sensitive and specifíc new tumour marker for squamous cell lung cancer. Report of the First European Multicentre Evaluation.
Eur J Cáncer, 30A (1994), pp. 601-606
[48.]
M. Muraki, Y. Tohda, T. Iwanaga, H. Uejima, Y. Nagasaka, S. Nakajima.
Assessment of serum Cyfra 21-1 in lung cancer.
Cancer, 77 (1996), pp. 1.274-1.277
[49.]
G. Buccheri, D. Ferrigno.
Prognostic factors in lung cancer: tables and comments.
Eur Respir J, 7 (1994), pp. 1.350-1.364
[50.]
J.A. Ledermann.
Serum neurone-specific enolase and other neuro-endocrine markers in lung cancer.
Eur J Cancer, 30 (1994), pp. 574-576
[51.]
J. Sánchez de Cos, F. Masa, C. Disdier, et al.
Utilidad de la enolasa neuroespecífica sérica en el manejo clínico del carcinoma microcítico de pulmón.
Arch Bronconeumol, 30 (1994), pp. 375-380
[52.]
Ch.R. Smart.
Annual screening using chest X-ray examination for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
Cancer, 72 (1993), pp. 2.295-2.298
[53.]
G.M. Strauss.
Measuring effectiveness of lung cancer screening.
Chest, 112 (1997), pp. 216-228
[54.]
C.F. Mountain.
A new international staging system for lung cancer.
Chest, 89 (1986), pp. 224-233
[55.]
A. López Encuentra.
Clasificación anatómica del tumor y clasificación clínica del paciente. Decisiones individualizadas en situación clínica desfavorable. Ponencia “Abordaje multidisciplinario del tratamiento del carcinoma broncogénico”.
Primer Congreso Luso-Español de Neumología, (1989),
[56.]
J.C. Nesbitt, J.B. Putnam, G.L. Waish, J.A. Roth, C.F. Mountain.
Survival in early-stae non-small cell lung cancer.
Ann Thorac Surg, 60 (1995), pp. 466-472
[57.]
P. Hermanek, M.K. Gospodarowicz, D.E. Henson, R.V.P. Hutter, L.H. Sobin.
Prognostic factors in cancer.
Springer-Verlag, (1995),
[59.]
G.V. Scaglioti.
Symptoms and signs and staging of lung cancer.
Eur Respir Mon, 1 (1995), pp. 91-136
[60.]
R. Jaeschke, G.H. Guyatt, D.L. Sackett.
User's guides to the medical literature III. How to use an article about a diagnostic test A. Are the results of the study valid?.
JAMA, 271 (1994), pp. 389-391
[61.]
R. Jaeschke, G.H. Guyatt, D.L. Sackett.
User's guides to the medical literature III. How to use an article about a diagnostic test. B. What are the results and will they help me in caring for my patients?.
JAMA, 271 (1994), pp. 703-707
[62.]
Société de Pneumologie de Langue Francaise.
Bilan d’extension pré-thérapeutique du cancer bronchique non à petites cellules.
Rev Pneumol Clin, 48 (1992), pp. 35-50
[63.]
P. Goldstraw, P. Rocmans, D. Bael, et al.
Pretreatment minimal staging for non-small cell lung cancer: an updated consensus report.
Lung Cancer, 11 (1994), pp. 1-4
[64.]
A. López Encuentra, M.J. Linares Asensio.
Carcinoma broncogénico.
Pau tas de práctica clínica en neumología, pp. 177-185
[65.]
J. Durán Cantolla, M.A. Pagola Hernández, R. Agüero Balbín, et al.
Papel de la tomografía computarizada de tórax en la definición de la extensión anatómica en el carcinoma broncogénico.
Arch Bronconeumol, 30 (1994), pp. 23-28
[66.]
P.G. White, H. Adams, M.D. Crane, E.G. Butchart.
Preoperative staging of carcinoma of the bronchus: can computed tomographic scanning reliably identify stage III tumours?.
Thorax, 49 (1994), pp. 951-957
[67.]
S.J. Herman, T.L. Winton, G.L. Weisbrod, M.J. Towers, S.J. Mentzer.
Mediastinal invasion by bronchogenic carcinoma: CT signs.
Radiology, 190 (1994), pp. 841-846
[68.]
B. Dillemans, G. Deneffe, J. Verschakelen, M. Decramer.
Value of computed tomography and mediastinoscopy in preoperative evaluation of mediastinal nodes in non-small cell lung cancer.
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 8 (1994), pp. 37-42
[69.]
R. Chin, R. Ward, J.W. Keyes, et al.
Mediastinal staging of non-small-cell lung cancer with positron emission tomography.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 152 (1995), pp. 2.090-2.096
[70.]
D.A.D. Sazón, S.M. Santiago, G.W.S. Hoo, et al.
Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in the detection and staging of lung cancer.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 153 (1996), pp. 417-421
[71.]
A. Salvatierra, C. Baamonde, J.M. Llamas, F. Cruz, J. López Pujol.
Extrathoracic staging of bronchogenic carcinoma.
Chest, 97 (1990), pp. 1.052-1.058
[72.]
F. Michel, M. Soler, E. Imhof, A.P. Peruchoud.
Initial staging of non-small cell lung cancer: value of routine radioisotope bone scanning.
Thorax, 46 (1991), pp. 469-473
[73.]
F.L. Márquez Pérez, R. Martínez Cruz, A. López Encuentra, A. Gómez Embuena.
Valor de los datos clínicos en la predicción de metástasis óseas estudiadas por rastreo óseo isotópico en el carcinoma broncogénico.
Arch Bronconeumol, 29 (1993), pp. 320-323
[74.]
D. Ferrigno, G. Buccheri.
Cranial computed tomography as a part of the initial staging procedures for patients with non-small-cell lung cáncer.
Chest, 106 (1994), pp. 1.025-1.029
[75.]
F.H. Cole, J.E. Thomas, A.B. Wilcox, H.H. Halford.
Cerebral imaging in the asymptomatic preoperative bronchogenic carcinoma patient: is it worthwhile?.
Ann Thorac Surg, 57 (1994), pp. 838-840
[76.]
G.L. Colice, J.D. Birkmeyer, W.C. Black, B. Littenberg, G.A. Silvestri.
Cost-effectiveness of head CT in patients with lung cancer without clinical evidence of metastases.
Chest, 108 (1995), pp. 1.264-1.271
[77.]
G.A. Silvestri, J.E. Lenz, S.N. Harper, R.A. Morse, G.L. Colice.
The relationship of clinical findings to CT sean evidence of adrenal gland metastases in the staging of bronchogenic carcinoma.
Chest, 102 (1992), pp. 1.748-1.751
[78.]
T.K. Hillers, M.D. Sauve, G.H. Guyatt.
Analysis of published studies on the detection of extrathoracic metastases in patients presumed to have operable non-small cell lung cáncer.
Thorax, 49 (1994), pp. 14-19
[79.]
M.F. Muers.
Preoperative screening for metastases in lung cancer.
Thorax, 49 (1994), pp. 1-2
[80.]
G.A. Silvestri, B. Littenberg, G.L. Colice.
The clinical evaluation for detecting metastatic lung cancer: a meta-analysis.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 152 (1995), pp. 225-230
[81.]
F. Chauvin, V. Trillet, I. Court-Fortune, et al.
Pretreatment staging evaluation in small cell lung carcinoma. A new approach to medical decision making.
Chest, 102 (1992), pp. 497-502
[82.]
G.E. Richardson, D.J. Venzon, R. Pheips, et al.
Application of an algorithm for staging small-cell cancer can save one third of the initial evaluation costs.
Arch Intem Med, 153 (1993), pp. 329-337
[83.]
J.L. Bravo, A. Alix, N. Mañes, J.M. García.
Quimioterapia inductora y cirugía en el tratamiento del carcinoma broncogénico IIIA.
Actualizaciones SEPAR, JR Prous, (1995), pp. 236-253
[84.]
J.L. Pujol, J.P. Daurés, P. Godard, F.B. Michel.
La chimiotherapie neó-adjuvante des cancers nogn à petites cellules des bronches localement avancés.
Rev Pneumol Clin, 50 (1994), pp. 147-154
[85.]
R.J. Ginsberg.
Neoadjuvant (induction) treatment for non-small cell lung cancer.
Lung Cancer, 12 (1995), pp. 33-40
[86.]
N. Martini, M.G. Kris, R.J. Gralla, et al.
The effects of preoperative chemoterapy on the resecability of non small cell lung carcinoma with mediastinal lymph node metastases.
Ann Thorac Surg, 45 (1988), pp. 370-379
[87.]
R.J. Ginsberg.
Multimodality therapy for stage III N2 lung cancer. An overview.
Chest, 103 (1993), pp. 356-359
[88.]
R. Rosell, J. Gómez-Codina, C. Camps, et al.
A randomized trial comparing preoperative chemoterapy plus surgery with surgery alone in patients with non small cell lung cancer.
N Engl J Med, 20 (1994), pp. 153-158
[89.]
J.A. Roth, F. Fosella, R. Komaki, et al.
A ranzomied trial comparing perioperative chemoterapy and surgery with surgery alone in resectable stage IIIA NSCLC.
J Natl Cancer Inst, 86 (1994), pp. 673-680
[90.]
V.W. Rusch, K.S. Albain, J.J. Crowley, Southwest Oncology Group, et al.
Neoadjuvant therapy: a novel and effective treatment for stage IIIB non small cell lung cancer.
Ann Thorac Surg, 58 (1994), pp. 290-295
[91.]
M.R. Green, R. Ginsberg, A. Ardizzoni, et al.
Induction therapy for stage III NSCLC: a consensus report.
Lung Cancer, 11 (1994), pp. 9-10
[92.]
Y. Raut, N. Huu, J.A. Barra, et al.
Association chimiothérapie et chirurgie dans le tratement du carcinome bronchique épidermoïde.
Ann Chir: Chir Thorac Cardiovasc, 39 (1985), pp. 141-146
[93.]
M. Green, O. Brodin, N. Choi, et al.
Pre-operative and post-operative treatments in stage III NSCLC.
Lung Cancer, 10 (1994), pp. 15-17
[94.]
J.I. Pujol, E. Parrat, M. Lehmann, et al.
Lung cancer chemotherapy. Response-survival relationship depends on the method of chest tumor response evaluation.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 153 (1996), pp. 243-249
[95.]
Ginsberg RJ. Surgical resection in neoadjuvant protocols. En: Lung Cancer Study Group. Organisation et estructure.
[96.]
R.J. Ginsberg.
Surgical considerations after preoperative treatment.
Lung Cancer, 10 (1994), pp. 213-217
[97.]
J.I. Myers, F.B. Askin, S.A. Yousem.
Recommendations for the reporting of resected primary lung carcinomas.
Hum Pathol, 26 (1995), pp. 937-939
[98.]
N. Martini, B.J. Flehinger.
The role of surgery in N2 lung cancer.
Surg Clin North Am, 67 (1987), pp. 1.037-1.049
[99.]
H.I. Libshitz, R.J. McKenna, C.F. Mountain.
Pattems of mediastinal metastases in bronchogenic carcinoma.
Chest, 91 (1986), pp. 53-56
[100.]
Y. Watanabe, J. Shimizu, M. Tsubota, T. Iwa.
Mediastinal spread of metastatic lymph nodes in bronchogenic carcinoma. Mediastinal nodal metastases in lung cancer.
Chest, 97 (1990), pp. 1.059-1.065
[101.]
Y. Ichinose, T. Yano, H. Yocoyama, T. Inoue, H. Asoh, Y. Katsuda.
The correlation between tumor size and lymphatic vessel invasion in resected peripheral stage I non small lung cancer. A potential risk of limited resection.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 108 (1994), pp. 684-686
[102.]
N. Martini.
Surgical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer by stage.
Semin Surg Oncol, 6 (1990), pp. 248-254
[103.]
T. Naruke, T. Goya, R. Tsuchiya, et al.
The importance of surgery to non-small cell carcinoma of lung with mediastinal lymph node metastasis.
Ann Thorac Surg, 46 (1988), pp. 603-610
[104.]
P.F. Schirren, H. Cuénoud, S. Bülzebruck, et al.
Chirurgie du carcinome bronchique avec envahissement nodulaire médiastinal.
Ann Chir Thorac Cardiovasc, 48 (1994), pp. 852-861
[105.]
C.F. Mountain.
Expanded possibilities for surgical treatment of lung cancer.
Chest, 97 (1990), pp. 1.045-1.047
[106.]
T. Naruke, K. Suemasu, S. Ishikawa.
Lymph node mapping and curability at various levels of metastasis in resected lung cancer.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 76 (1978), pp. 832-839
[107.]
American Thoracic Society.
Clinical staging primary lung cancer.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 127 (1983), pp. 1-6
[108.]
Grupo Cooperativo del Carcinoma Broncogénico-SEPAR. Hoja de recogida de datos inicial, 1995.
[109.]
T. Naruke.
Mediastinal lymph node dissection.
General thoracic surgery, 4. a, pp. 469-480
[110.]
P. Goldstraw.
The practice of cardiothoracic surgeons in the perioperative staging of non-small cell lung cancer.
Thorax, 47 (1992), pp. 1-2
[111.]
J.R. Izbicki, B. Passiick, O. Karg, et al.
Impact of radical systematic mediastinal lymphadenectomy on tumor staging in lung cancer.
Ann Thorac Surg, 59 (1995), pp. 209-214
[112.]
Riquet M, Saab M. Techniques et indications chirurgicales dans le cancer bronchique. En: Encycl Med, Chir., Editions Techniques EMC 1993, Pneumologie 6-002-L-20, Cancerologie 60-6-250-A-10.
[113.]
C.F. Mountain.
Biologic, physiologic and technical determinants in surgical therapy for lung cancer.
Lung cancer. Clinical diagnosis and treatment, 2.a, pp. 245-260
[114.]
C.F. Mountain, J.M. Lukerman, S.P. Hammar, LCSG Pathology Committee, et al.
Lung cancer classification: the relationship of disease extent and cell type to survival in a clinical trials population.
J Surg Oncol, 35 (1987), pp. 147-156
[115.]
A. Cantó, M. Martorell, A. Arnau, et al.
Significado del cáncer broncopulmonar que se acompaña de un derrame pleural homolateral.
Arch Bronconeumol, 27 (1991), pp. 254-258
[116.]
A. Cantó.
Derrame pleural asociado a cáncer de pulmón. Problemática de su clasificación según las categorías TNM.
Arch Bron coneumol, 32 (1996), pp. 115-117
[117.]
W.H. Warren, L.P. Faber.
Segmentectomy versus lobectomy in patients with stage I pulmonary carcinoma.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 107 (1994), pp. 1.087-1.094
Copyright © 1998. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
