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Vol. 42. Issue 4.
Pages 165-170 (April 2006)
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Vol. 42. Issue 4.
Pages 165-170 (April 2006)
Original Articles
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Home Ventilatory Assistance in Chilean Children: 12 Years' Experience
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P. Bertrand
Corresponding author
bertrand@med.puc.cl

Correspondence. Dr. P. Bertrand. Departamento de Pediatría. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Lira, 85, 5.o. Casilla 114-D. Santiago. Chile
, E. Fehlmann, M. Lizama, N. Holmgren, M. Silva, I. Sánchez
Sección de Respiratorio Pediátrico, Departamento de Pediatría, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Objective

Home ventilatory support systems are a treatment option for patients with severe chronic respiratory failure. The objective of the present study was to characterize the children admitted to a home ventilatory assistance program.

Patients and method

The home ventilation program was created by our hospital to coordinate professional and technological support for chronic ventilator-dependent children. We revised and updated information on patient characteristics, type of assisted ventilation, respiratory morbidity, and equipment failures between 1993 and 2004.

Results

Follow-up of 35 children (18 male) was carried out by our hospital staff. Median age upon admission to the program was 12 months (range, 5 months to 14 years). Median length of time in the program was 21 months and we were able to wean 40% of patients from ventilators. Six patients died. The main indications for assisted ventilation were neuromuscular disease (12 cases), airway alteration (11 cases), cardiopulmonary disease (7 cases), and hypoventilation syndrome (5 cases). The types of assisted ventilation used were continuous positive airway pressure (in 17 cases), bilevel positive pressure (in 8 cases), and synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (in 10 cases). Invasive ventilation via a tracheostomy was used in 26 cases. The use of noninvasive ventilation increased in the last 4 years. Respiratory morbidity (pneumonia and bacterial tracheitis) was the most frequent cause of hospitalization and the annual rate of such episodes was 1.6 per child. The annual rate of hospitalization due to equipment failures was 0.1 per child.

Conclusion

The program provides safe and necessary home ventilatory assistance for children with severe chronic respiratory failure. The professional support that home hospitalization offers had a positive effect on outcome in these children. It is important to take our experience into account in creating a Chilean national home ventilatory assistance program.

Key words:
Mechanical ventilation
Assisted ventilation
Invasive ventilation
Chronic respiratory failure
Children
Objetivo

Los sistemas de apoyo ventilatorio domiciliario son una alternativa para el tratamiento de los pacientes con insuficiencia respiratoria crónica grave. El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido caracterizar a los niños ingresados en el Servicio de Asistencia Ventilatoria en Domicilio (SAVED).

Patientes y método

El SAVED es un programa de nuestro hospital que coordina el apoyo profesional y tecnológico para niños con dependencia de asistencia ventilatoria (AV) crónica. Se revisaron y actualizaron datos demográficos, tipo de AV, morbilidad respiratoria y fallos de equipo entre 1993 y 2004.

Resultados

Se realizó seguimiento en nuestro centro a 35 niños (varones: 18). La mediana de edad al entrar en el programa fue de 12 meses (rango: 5 meses a 14 años). El tiempo de permanencia fue de 21 meses y la retirada del soporte se logró en el 40% del total. Fallecieron 6 pacientes. Las principales indicaciones de AV fueron: enfermedad neuromuscular en 12 casos, alteración de la vía aérea en 11, enfermedad cardiopulmonar en 7 y síndrome de hipoventilación en 5. Los tipos de AV utilizados fueron presión positiva continua de la vía aérea en 17 casos, presión positiva en 2 niveles (BiPAP) en 8 y ventilación mecánica intermitente sincronizada en 10. Se administró ventilación invasiva a 26 pacientes a través de traqueotomía. En los últimos 4 años se produjo un aumento de la utilización de la ventilación no invasiva. La morbilidad respiratoria (neumonía y traqueítis bacteriana) fue la causa más frecuente de hospitalización y alcanzó 1,6 evento/niño/año. Los fallos de sistema fueron causa de hospitalización en 0,1 evento/niño/año.

Conclusión

El SAVED es un programa seguro y necesario para niños con insuficiencia respiratoria crónica de carácter grave. El apoyo profesional que proporciona la hospitalización domiciliaria ha beneficiado la evolución de estos niños. Es importante considerar esta experiencia para la formación de un programa nacional de AV domiciliaria.

Palabras clave:
Ventilación mecánica
Ventilación no invasiva
Ventilación invasiva
Insuficiencia respiratoria crónica
Niños
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Copyright © 2006. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
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