Journal Information
Vol. 37. Issue 2.
Pages 58-64 (February 2001)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 37. Issue 2.
Pages 58-64 (February 2001)
Full text access
Fragmentación mecánica y fibrinólisis intrapulmonar en el tratamiento del tromboembolismo pulmonar masivo con repercusión hemodinámica
Mechanical fragmentation and intrapulmonary fibrinolysis in the treatment of massive pulmonary embolism hemodynamic repercussions
Visits
16843
M.A. De Gregorio*, M.J. Gimeno, R. Alfonso, J. Medrano
Unidad de Radiología Intervencionista. Hospital Clínico Universitario. Zaragoza
S. Loyolaa, M. Favaa, M. Herrerab
a Unidad de Radiología Intervencionista. Universidad Católica. Santiago de Chile. Chile
b Interventional Radiolog. Henneping Hospital. University of Minessota. EE.UU
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics
Objetivos

Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de la fragmen-tación mecánica asociada a trombólisis intrapulmonar en el tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) masivo con alteración hemodinámica.

Material y método

Un total de 51 pacientes diagnosti-cados de TEP masivo con repercusión hemodinámica. Se in-cluyeron bajo este epígrafe pacientes con TEP agudo con un índice de Miller superior a 0,50 y una presión medida en la arteria pulmonar principal superior 30 mmHg. Cuadro clí-nico de inicio: 19 shock, 6 síncope y 26 disnea intensa de reposo. La saturación de O 2 medida por pulsioximetría: 71,4%. Presión media en arteria pulmonar: 46,1 mmHg. Se realizó fragmentación de los tromboémbolos más importan-tes. Durante la fragmentación se administró un bolo de fi-brinolítico. A través del catéter se administró infusión de fibrinolítico. El seguimiento se realizó con valoración clíni-ca, gammagráfica pulmonar y ecocardiográfica.

Resultados

Tras la fragmentación y administración del bolo de trombolítico se observó mejoría clínica en 49 pacien-tes (97,2%). La presión media postratamiento mecánico y farmacológico fue de 24,1 mmHg. Éxito técnico del 100%.

Conclusiones

Los datos aportados avalan la eficacia y se-guridad de la fragmentación mecánica y trombólisis farma-cológica en el tratamiento del TEP masivo con afectación hemodinámica, mejorando la sintomatología y disminuyen-do la presión arterial pulmonar.

Palabras clave:
Fragmentación mecánica
Fibrinólisis intraarte-rial
Embolismo pulmonar masivo
Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mecha-nical fragmentation associated with intrapulmonary throm-bolysis to treat massive pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) with altered hemodynamics.

Material and method

Fifty-one patients with a diagnosis of acute PTE were enrolled, the criteria being a Miller index over 0.50 and mean pressure of 30 mmHg in the principal su-perior pulmonary artery. The initial clinical pictures included shock (19 patients), syncope (6) and severe dyspnea at rest (26). Oxygen saturation measured by pulse oxymetry was 71.4%. Mean pulmonary artery pressure was 46.1 mmHg. The main thromboembolisms were fragmented, with one bo-lus of a fibrinolytic agent administered during the fragmenta-tion procedure. An infusion of the fibrinolytic agent was ad-ministered through a catheter. Monitoring included clinical assessment, pulmonary scintigraphy and echocardiography.

Results

After fragmentation and administration of the bolus dose of the fibrinolytic agent, improvement was obser-ved in 49 patients (97.2%). Mean pressure after mechanical and pharmacological treatment was 24.1 mmHg. Technical success was achieved in 100% of the patients.

Conclusions

The results attest to the efficacy and safety of mechanical fragmentation and medical thrombolysis in trea-ting massive PTE affecting hemodynamics, leading to clinical improvement and lowered pulmonary artery pressure.

Keywords:
Mechanical fragmentation
Intraarterial fibrinolysis
Massive pulmonary embolism
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
D.e. Lilienfeld, E. Chan, J. Ehland, P.J. Landringan, G. Marsh.
Mortality from pulmonary embolism.
Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 17 (1975), pp. 259-270
[2.]
C. Giuntini, G. DiRicco, C. Marini, E. Melillo, A. Palla.
Pulmonary embolism: Epidemiology.
Chest, 107 (1995), pp. S3-S9
[3.]
M.C. Cela, K. Amplatz.
Nonsurgical pulmonary embolectomy.
pp. 1-12
[4.]
W.W. Coon, F.A. Coller.
Clinicopathologic correlation in thromboembolism.
Surg Gynecol Obstet, 109 (1959), pp. 259-269
[5.]
G.A. Donaldson, C. Williamson, J.G. Scannell, R.S. Shaw.
A reappraisal of application of the Trendeleburg operation to massive fatal embolism.
N Engl J Med, 268 (1963), pp. 171-174
[6.]
C.G. Elliot.
Pulmonary physiology during pulmonary embolism.
Chest, 101 (1992), pp. 1635-1715
[7.]
T. Schmitz-rode, R.W. Güther, J.G. Pfeffer, J.M. Neurburg, B. Geuting, S. Biesterfeld.
acute massive pulmonary embolism: use of a rotatable pigtail catheter for diagnosis and fragmentation therapy.
Radiology, 197 (1995), pp. 157-162
[8.]
B. Krivec, G. Voga, I. Zuran, R. Skale, R. Pareznik, M. Podbregar, et al.
Diagnosis and treatment of shock due to massive pulmonary embolism: approach with transesophageal echocardiography and intrapulmonary thrombolysis.
Chest, 112 (1997), pp. 1310-1316
[9.]
M. Fava, S. Loyola, P. Flores, I. Huete.
Mechanical fragmentation and pharmacologic thrombolysis in massive pulmonary embolism.
J Vasc Interv Radiol, 8 (1997), pp. 261-266
[10.]
D. Andeson, N. Levine.
Thrombolytic therapy for treatment of acute pulmonary embolism.
Can Med Assoc J, 146 (1992), pp. 1317-1324
[11.]
A.J.B. Brady, T. Crake, C.M. Oakley.
Percutaneous catheter fragmentation and distal dispersion of proximal pulmonary embolus.
Lancet, 338 (1991), pp. 1186-1189
[12.]
M.R. Essop, S. Middlemt, J. Skoularigis, P. Sareli.
Simultaneous mechanical clot fragmentation and pharmacologic thrombolisis in acute massive pulmonary embolism.
Am J Cardiol, 69 (1992), pp. 427-430
[13.]
A.J.B. Brady, T. Crake, C.M. Oakley.
Percutaneous fragmentation and dispersion versus pulmonary embolectomy by catheter device in massive pulmonary embolism.
Chest, 102 (1992), pp. 1305-1306
[14.]
A.J.B. Brady, T. Crake, C.M. Oakley.
Simultaneous mechanical clot fragmentation and pharmacologic thrombolysis in acute massive pulmonary embolism.
Am J Cardiol, 70 (1992), pp. 836
[15.]
A.J.B. Brady, T. Crake, C.M. Oakley.
Percutaneous catheter fragmentation and distal dispersion of massive pulmonary embolus [carta].
Lancet, 339 (1992), pp. 1053-1054
[16.]
J.F. Timsit, P. Reynaud, G. Meyer, H. Sors.
Pulmonary embolectomy by catheter device in massive pulmonary embolism.
Chest, 100 (1991), pp. 655-658
[17.]
S.Z. Goldhaber, C.M. Kessler, J. Heit.
Randomized controlled trial of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator versus urokinase in treatment of acute pulmonary embolism.
Lancet, 2 (1988), pp. 293-298
[18.]
M. Belkin, B. Belkin, C.A. Bucknam, J.J. Straub, R. Lowe.
Intraarterial fibrinolytic therapy: efficacy of streptokinase versus urokinase.
Arch Surg, 121 (1986), pp. 769
[19.]
S.N. Tennant, J. Dixon, T.C. Venable, H.L.J. Page, A. Roach, A.B. Kaiser, et al.
Intracoronary thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction: comparison of the efficacy of urokinase versus streptokinase.
Circulation, 69 (1984), pp. 756
[20.]
The UKEP Study Research Group.The UKEP study.
Multicenter clinical trial on two local regimens of urokinase in massive pulmonary embolism.
Eur Heart J, 8 (1987), pp. 2-10
[21.]
Urokinase-sterptokinase-pulmonary embolism (USPET) trial.
Phase 2 results.
Jama, 229 (1974), pp. 1606-1613
[22.]
V.F. Tapson, P.A. Gurbel, L.A. Witty, K.S. Pieper, R.S. Stack.
Pharmacomechanical thrombolysis of experimental pulmonary emboli: rapid low dose intraembolic therapy.
Chest, 106 (1994), pp. 1558-1562
[23.]
P. Thorpe, X. Zhan.
Long term follow-up of aggressive catheter technique for massive pulmonary embolus thrombolysis.
J Vas Interv Radiol, 8 (1997), pp. 184
[24.]
S.Z. Goldhaber.
Tissue plasminogen activator in acute pulmonary embolism.
Chest, 95 (1989), pp. S282-S289
[25.]
M. Verstraete, G.A.H. Miller, H. Bounameaux, B. Charbonnier, J.P. Colle, G. Lecorf, et al.
Intravenous and intrapulmonary recombinant tissue type plasminogen activator in the treatment of acute massive pulmonary embolism.
Circulation, 77 (1988), pp. 353-360
[26.]
D.W. Barrit, S.C. Jordan.
Anticoagulant drugs in the treatment of pulmonary embolism. A controlled trial.
Lancet, 2 (1960), pp. 1309-1312
[27.]
G. Simonneau, H. Sors, B. Charbonier, Y. Page, J.P. Laaban, R. Azarian, et al.
A comparison of low-molecular-weight heparin with unfractionated heparin for acute pulmonary embolism.
N Engl J Med, 337 (1997), pp. 663-669
[28.]
S.Z. Goldhaber.
Pulmonary embolism thrombolysis: broadening the paradigm for its administration.
Circulation,, 96 (1997), pp. 716-718
[29.]
S.W. Jamieson, W.R. Auger, P.F. Fedullo, R.N. Charnnick, J.M. Kriett, R.Y. Tarazi.
Experience and results with 150 pulmonary thromboendarterectomy operations over a 29 month period.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 106 (1993), pp. 116-126
[30.]
K.M. Moser, W.R. Auger, P.F. Fedullo, S.W. Jamieson.
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: clinical picture and surgical treatment.
Eur Respir J, 5 (1992), pp. 334-342
[31.]
H.H. Gray, J.M. Morgan, M. Paneth, G.A.H. Miller.
Pulmonary embolectomy: indications and results.
Br Heart J, 57 (1987), pp. 572
[32.]
S.O. Trerotola, M.S. Johnson, D.S. Schauwecker, D.D. Davidson, R.S. Filo, X.H. Zhou, et al.
Pulmonary emboli from pulse-spray and mechanical thrombolysis: evaluation with an animal dialysis-graft model.
Radiology, 200 (1996), pp. 169-176
[33.]
E. Ponomar, J.E. Carlson, A. Kindlund, J.P. Rodriguez, W. Castañeda-Zuniga, D. Hunter, et al.
Clot trapper device for transyugular thrombectomy from inferior vena cava.
Radiology, 179 (1991), pp. 279-282
[34.]
T. Schmitz-rode, R.W. Günther.
New device for percutaneous fragmentation of pulmonary emboli.
Radiology, 180 (1991), pp. 135-137
[35.]
T. Schmitz Rode, G. Alzen, U. Spetzger, R.W. Günther.
Extensive acute pulmonary embolism: fragmentation treatment with a rotatable pigtail catheter.
Rofo Fortschr Geb Rontgenstr Neuen Bildgeb Verfahr, 164 (1996), pp. 150-152
[36.]
S.Z. Goldhaber.
Pulmonary embolism thrombolysis. Broadening the paradigm for its administration.
Circulation, 96 (1997), pp. 716-718
[37.]
S.Z. Goldhaber.
Contemporary pulmonary embolism thrombolysis.
Chest, 107 (1995), pp. S45-S51
[38.]
J.M. Porter.
Thrombolysis as an alternative to pulmonary embolectomy.
Vasc Surg, 11 (1977), pp. 373-377
[39.]
G. Agnelli, P. Parise.
Thrombolysis in venous thromboembolism.
Chest, 101 (1992), pp. S172-S182
[40.]
Y. Vujic, J.W.R. Young, R.P. Gobien.
Massive pulmonary embolism: treatment with full heparinization and topical low dose streptokinase.
Radiology, 148 (1983), pp. 671-675
[41.]
G.A.H. Miller, G.C. Sutton, I.H. Kerr, R.V. Gibson, M. Honey.
Comparison of streptokinase and heparin in treatment of isolated acute massive pulmonary embolism.
Br Med J, 2 (1971), pp. 681-684
[42.]
K.V. Leeper, J.r. Popovich J, B.A. Lesser.
Treatment of massive acute pulmonary embolism: the use of low doses of intrapulmonary arterial streptokinase combined with full dose of systemic heparin.
Chest, 93 (1988), pp. 234-240
[43.]
M. Terrin, S.Z. Goldhaber, B. Thompson.
Selection of patients with acute pulmonary embolism for thrombolytic therapy.
Chest, 95 (1989), pp. S279
[44.]
S. Konstantinides, A. Geibel, M. Olschewski, F. Heinrich, K. Crosser, K. Rauber, et al.
Association between thrombolytic treatment and the prognosis of hemodinamically stable patients with mayor pulmonary embolism.
Circulation, 3 (1996), pp. 882-888
Copyright © 2001. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?