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Vol. 36. Issue 8.
Pages 455-459 (September 2000)
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Vol. 36. Issue 8.
Pages 455-459 (September 2000)
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Evaluación de la afectación mediastínica tumoral (factor T) en el cáncer de pulmón mediante ecografía transesofágica
Transesophageal ultrasound assessment of mediastinal tumor involvement (T factor) in lung cancer
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J.L. Duque Medina*,1, G. Ramos*, J.A. San Román**, A. López*, M. García-Yuste*, F. Heras*, J. Cerezal*, J.M. Matilla*
* Servicios de Cirugía Torácica. Hospital Universitario de Valladolid
** Servicios de Cardiología. Hospital Universitario de Valladolid
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La ecografía transesofágica es una técnica inicialmente empleada en la valoración de las neoplasias esofagogástricas. Su utilización en la evaluación de las neoplasias pulmonares puede ser una ayuda valiosa a la hora de considerar la posible afectación mediastínica tanto en el factor T como en el N.

Objetivo

Considerar la validez de esta exploración incruenta para determinar la posible afectación mediastínica por invasión directa del tumor (T4) como medio para conseguir una más correcta estadificación del cáncer de pulmón.

Pacientes y métodos

Dieciséis pacientes con neoplasia de pulmón confirmada histopatológicamente han sido explorados mediante ecografía transesofágica para evaluar una posible afectación mediastínica. Previamente habían sido etiquetados por tomografía computarizada como T4 (12) o dudosos T4 (4). En 15 de los 16 pacientes se evaluó la afectación del mediastino con mediastinotomía o toractomía.

Resultados

De los 16 pacientes, ocho presentaban afectación mediastínica mediante ecografía transesofágica y en el resto no. La evaluación quirúrgica del mediastino confirmó la afectación de éste en siete de los detectados por la ecografía (uno no se evaluó quirúrgicamente). De los 8 pacientes considerados como sin afectación mediastínica en siete no existía y en uno no se detectó una infiltración de la cara posterior de la arteria pulmonar derecha. La sensibilidad fue del 87,5%, la especificidad, del 100% y la exactitud del 93,3%.

Conclusión

La ecografía transesofágica es un método diagnóstico que puede aportar información adicional y complementaria a otros métodos diagnósticos.

Palabras clave:
Tomografía computarizada
Ecografía transesofágica
Afectación mediastínica tumoral (T4)

Transesophageal sonography was originally used to assess esophageal-gastric neoplasm. The technique may also be useful in the evaluation of pulmonary neoplasms for possible mediastinal involvement, with regard to both T and N factors.

Objective

To consider the validity of this minimally-invasive technique for assessing possible mediastinal involvement by direct tumoral invasion (T4) and to help obtain the most accurate staging of lung cancer.

Patients and methods

Sixteen patients with confirmed histopathological diagnoses of pulmonary neoplasm were examined by transesophageal sonography in order to evaluate possible mediastinal involvement. They had previously been classified by computed tomography as T4 (12 patients) or possible T4 (4 patients). Mediastinal involvement was also assessed by mediastinotomy or thoracotomy in 15 of the 16 patients.

Results

Transesophageal sonography revealed mediastinal involvement in eight of the 16 patients; the rest had no such involvement. Surgical exploration of the mediastinum confirmed involvement in seven of those who had been so classified by sonography (with the remaining patient not having been assessed surgically). Among the eight patients who were considered free of mediastinal involvement, there was in fact none, although we found previously undetected infiltration of the posterior surface of the right pulmonary artery in one patient. Sensitivity was 87.5%, specificity 100% and accuracy 93.3%.

Conclusion

Transesophageal ultrasound is a diagnostic tool that can provide additional information to complement other diagnostic strategies.

Key words:
Computed tomography
Transesophageal ultrasound
Tumor, mediastinal involvement (T4)
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