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Vol. 39. Issue 11.
Pages 485-490 (November 2003)
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Vol. 39. Issue 11.
Pages 485-490 (November 2003)
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Descripción de una muestra de pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica atendidos en las consultas del área de neumología dependientes de un hospital
Description of a Sample of Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Treated at Hospital-Supervised Respiratory Clinics at Primary Care Centers
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C. Estebana,
Corresponding author
cristobal_esteban@yahoo.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Neumología. Hospital de Galdakao. Barrio Labeaga, s/n. 48960 Galdakao. Vizcaya. España
, J. Morazaa, M. Aburtoa, J.M. Quintanab, A. Capelasteguia
a Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Galdakao. Vizcaya. España
b Unidad de Investigación. Hospital Galdakao. Vizcaya. España
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Objetivo

Conocer las características generales, la percepción de salud y las limitaciones de los pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) atendidos en las consultas de área dependientes de nuestro servicio.

Método

El estudio se llevó a cabo en 5 consultas de área en las que, de forma consecutiva, se fue incluyendo a los pacientes. Mediante cuestionarios se recabó información sobre diversos aspectos sociodemográficos, percepción de salud y limitación en la vida habitual. Asimismo se recogió información sobre los tratamientos que realizaban los pacientes y las enfermedades asociadas que padecían, y se practicó una espirometría.

Resultados

Se estudió a 611 pacientes con una edad media de 67,2 años; de ellos, el 97,7% eran varones. Las enfermedades asociadas más frecuentes fueron la patología de columna y la osteoartrosis (el 43 y el 37%, respectivamente). La media del volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo (FEV1) fue del 1,37 l respecto al valor teórico, y el FEV 1 medio fue del 49,7%. Los fármacos más utilizados en relación con la EPOC fueron los βadrenérgicos y los anticolinérgicos, el 66% de los pacientes recibía tratamiento con esteroides inhalados. La mayoría de los pacientes (52,7%) refería su salud como regular y el 59,9% manifestaba presentar algún grado de limitación en sus actividades habituales que atribuía a su enfermedad respiratoria. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el grado de limitación y el grado de disnea (p<0,0001), el grado de percepción de salud (p<0,0001) y el FEV 1 (p=0,001).

Conclusiones

Los datos de nuestro estudio dibujan las características generales de los pacientes con EPOC e indican que la disnea se relaciona íntimamente con la percepción de limitación que presentan los pacientes.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica
Disnea
Estudio descriptivo
Objective

To study the general characteristics, health perception and limitations of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treated at respiratory clinics at primary care centers staffed by pulmonologists from our hospital service.

Method

The study was carried out at 5 primary care centers that enrolled the patients consecutively. Questionnaires were used to collect information on sociodemographic aspects, perception of health, and limitations to activities of daily living. We also collected information on the treatments patients were receiving and comorbidities. Spirometry was also performed.

Results

Six hundred eleven patients with a mean age of 67.2 years were included in the study; 97.7% were male. The most common comorbidities were spinal column pathology (43%) and osteoarthritis (37%). The mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was 1.37 L and FEV 1 % was 49.7% of predicted. Medications taken for COPD were mainly βadrenergics and anticholinergics; 66% of patients used inhaled steroids. The majority of patients (52.7%) referred to their health as fair and 59.9% declared having some degree of limitation to their activities of daily living which they attributed to their respiratory disease. Statistical differences were found between the degree of limitation and the degree of dyspnea (P<.0001), perception of health ( P<.0001), and FEV 1 (P=.001).

Conclusions

Our study outlines the general characteristics of COPD patients and shows that dyspnea is closely related to the perception patients have of their degree of limitation.

Keywords:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Dyspnea
Descriptive study
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Copyright © 2003. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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