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Vol. 32. Issue 8.
Pages 397-402 (October 1996)
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Vol. 32. Issue 8.
Pages 397-402 (October 1996)
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Teofilinas de liberación sostenida de 12 y 24 horas. Estudio comparativo
A comparison of 12 and 24 hours sustained-release theophylline formulas
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M. Vendrell1, X. Muñoz, J. de Gracia, F. Morell, A. Anguera, C. Mayordomo
Servicio de Neumología. Hospital General Universitario Vall d’Hebron. Barcelona
L. Pou*
* Servicio de Bioquímica. Hospital General Universitario Vall d’Hebron. Barcelona
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El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido comparar en pacientes asmáticos una teofilina de acción sostenida de administración cada 24 horas con las de administración cada 12 en relación a: la estabilidad clínica y funcional respiratoria, los efectos secundarios y las dosis requeridas en función de la tolerancia clínica y las concentraciones plasmáticas.

Se seleccionaron pacientes con asma bronquial en fase estable que seguían tratamiento con teofilinas de 12 horas. Cada sujeto recibió teofdinas de 12 y de 24 horas en un estudio prospectivo, cruzado y con datos apareados durante períodos de 15 días. Se evaluaron las dosis de teofdinas, teofilinemias, evolución clínica y funcional respiratoria, y los efectos secundarios.

Se incluyeron 20 casos. No hubo diferencias notables en las dosis medias de teofilina por kilogramo de peso requeridas para obtener concentraciones plasmáticas terapéuticas entre los 2 tratamientos (tratamiento A: 9,361±1,88mg/kg/día, tratamiento B: 9,6±1,7mg/kg/día). La teofilinemia media en el momento previo a la administración de la siguiente dosis fue menor con las teofilinas de 24 horas, pero dentro de los márgenes terapéuticos (tratamiento A: 7,31±2,27μg/ml; tratamiento B: 10,66±2,86μg/ml; p=0,002). No hubo diferencias en los efectos secundarios tras el período de ajuste ni en el FEV1 al finalizar cada período de tratamiento. El flujo espiratorio máximo se mantuvo estable durante todo el estudio.

En los pacientes asmáticos, las teofilinas retardadas de 24 horas en relación a las de 12 horas, consiguieron con dosis similares concentraciones plasmáticas terapéuticas durante las 24 horas del día.

Palabras clave:
Teofilina retardada
Asma bronquial

To compare 24-h and 12-h delayed-release theophylline in asthmatic patients, in terms of clinical stability and respiratory function, side effects and required dose, clinical tolerance and plasma concentrations.

Patients with bronchial asthma in stable phase taking theophylline every 12 h were selected. Each patient received 12-h (treatment A) and 24-h (treatment B) theophylline formulas in a prospective, cross-over study with paired data for periods of 15 days. We evaluated theophylline doses, blood levels, clinical course, lung function and side effects.

Twenty patients were enrolled. No significant differences between the two treatments were observed in mean dose of theophylline per kg body weight required to obtain therapeutic plasma concentrations (treatment A: 9.36±1.88mg/kg/day; treatment B: 9.6±1.7 mg/kg/day). Mean blood level just before administration of a the next dose was lower with the 24-h formula, but still within therapeutic margins (treatment A: 7.31±2.27μg/ml; treatment B: 10.66±2.86μg/ml; p=0.002). There were no differences in side effects after the adjustment period or in FEV1 after each treatment period. Peak expiratory flow remained stable during the study.

The 24-h delayed release theophylline formula was similar to the 12-h formula in dose required by asthmatic patients and in therapeutic plasma concentrations throughout the day.

Key words:
Delayed-release theophylline
Bronchial asthma
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