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Vol. 26. Issue 2.
Pages 61-64 (March 1990)
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Vol. 26. Issue 2.
Pages 61-64 (March 1990)
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Significado de la hemoptisis en los tumores pulmonares primitivos
Meaning of hemoptysis in primitive pulmonary tumors
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S. Romero Candeira, A. Oltra Ferrando, C. Martín Serrano, I. Padilla Navas, R. García Sevilla, M. Izquierdo Patrón
Hospital Servicio Valenciano de Salud de Alicante
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Con la finalidad de comprobar el significado de la hemoptisis en los tumores pulmonares malignos, se comparó la extensión tumoral encontrada en el momento del diagnóstico, en 337 pacientes sin hemoptisis con la que presentaban 191 pacientes con este síntoma.

Los tumores causantes de hemoptisis se encontraron con mayor frecuencia en tráquea y bronquios principales (p<0,001) y se localizaron con más facilidad en la broncofibroscopia, por ser visibles en un mayor porcentaje y porque el sangrado fue una guía eficaz para obtener la muestra diagnóstica cuando no se usó control radioscópico (p<0,05). A pesar de su desfavorable localización, la extensión de los tumores no de células pequeñas que ocasionaron hemoptisis fue similar a la de los que no la produjeron e incluso fue menor en los carcinomas de células pequeñas (p<0,05). Esto sugiere que las veces en que la hemoptisis adelanta el diagnóstico, contrarresta el efecto desfavorable de una localización más proximal.

La tendencia al sangrado fue similar en los principales tipos histológicos. Sólo los carcinoides, que siempre sangraron y los bronquioalveolares que nunca lo hicieron, ambos presentes en escaso número, mostraron un comportamiento diferencial.

To evaluate the meaning of hemoptysis in malignant pulmonary tumors, the tumoral extension found at the time of diagnosis was compared in 191 patients with hemoptytis and in 337 without it.

The tumors associated with hemoptysis were more commonly found in trachea and major bronchi (p<0.001) and were more easily detected with fiberoptic bronchoscopy, as they were visible in a higher proportion and because bleeding was an effective guide to obtain the diagnostic sample when fluoroscopic control was not used (p<0.05). Despite their unfavorable localization, the extension of non small cell tumors resulting in hemoptysis was similar to that from those tumors without hemoptysis. It was even lower in small cell carcinomas (p<0.05). This suggests that in those cases where hemoptysis results in an earlier diagnosis it diminishes the unfavorable influence of a more proximal localization.

The tendency to bleeding was similar in the major histological types. Only carcinoids, which always bled, and bronchoalveolar tumors, which never did, behaved differently. Both types were uncommon.

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Copyright © 1990. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
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