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Vol. 46. Issue S8.
EPOC: ¿cómo mejorar la atención al paciente?
Pages 8-14 (November 2010)
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Vol. 46. Issue S8.
EPOC: ¿cómo mejorar la atención al paciente?
Pages 8-14 (November 2010)
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Impacto de las agudizaciones e ingresos en la EPOC
Impact of exacerbations and admissions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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Aurelio Arnedillo Muñoz
UGC de Neumología y Alergia, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, España
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En la historia natural de los pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) hay períodos de incremento de los síntomas, que conocemos como agudizaciones de la EPOC (AEPOC), que en ocasiones precisan de ingreso hospitalario. Aunque todavía hay debate en cuanto a su definición, y ello ha generado una falta de homogenidad en los múltiples estudios realizados, estas agudizaciones repercuten de manera muy negativa en los pacientes, y producen un deterioro clínico y de la función pulmonar a largo plazo. También conllevan una disminución de la calidad de vida, que se ve afectada a medio y largo plazo, y un coste sociosanitario elevado, especialmente durante los ingresos hospitalarios. Finalmente, las AEPOC incrementan la mortalidad de los pacientes tanto a corto plazo, durante el ingreso hospitalario, como después de la hospitalización. Por todo lo anterior, prevenir las AEPOC se ha convertido en uno de los objetivos fundamentales en estos pacientes.

Palabras clave:
Agudizaciones de la EPOC
Hospitalizaciones
Función pulmonar
Calidad de vida
Carga económica
Mortalidad
Abstract

During the natural history of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an increase in symptom severity can occur, called exacerbated COPD (ECOPD), sometimes requiring hospital admission. Although there is ongoing debate on the definition of ECOPD –leading to a lack of homogeneity in the numerous studies performed– exacerbations negatively affect patients, producing clinical and pulmonary function deterioration in the long term. Exacerbations also decrease quality of life in the medium- and long-term and have a high social and health cost, especially during hospital admission. Finally, ECOPD increases mortality in patients in the short-term, during hospital admission, and after discharge. In view of all of the above, prevention of ECOPD has become one of the main objectives in these patients.

Keywords:
COPD exacerbations
Hospitalizations
Pulmonary function
Quality of life
Economic burden
Mortality
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