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Se estudia con carácter prospectivo la rentabilidad del lavado broncoalveolar (LBA) como método diagnóstico en las complicaciones infecdosas pulmonares de un grupo de 33 parientes con diagnóstico (22) o alta sospecha de SIDA (11) y afectación pulmonar. El LBA fue positivo en 15 exploradones. El seguimiento posterior incluyendo necropsia, biopsia pulmonar o evolución clínica mostró una rentabilidad del 80% para P. carinii y del 81,8% para M. tuberculosis que fueron los patógenos más frecuentes. No se demostró ningún caso de afectarión por citomegalovirus (CMV), micobacterias atípicas ni hongos, detectándose por necropsia un falso negativo de afectación por CMY. No se produjeron complicaciones relevantes en ninguna de las exploradones. Los resultados confirman que el LBA es un método seguro y eficaz, constituyendo, en nuestra opinión, el primer método diagnóstico de elecdón en las complicaciones infecciosas pulmonares del SIDA.
A prospespective study is made of the profitability of bronchoalveolar lavage (LBA) as a diagnostic method of lung infections complications in a group of 33 patients diagnosed22 or highly suspicious of AIDS11 and pulmonary affection. The bronchoalveolar lavage was positive in 15 examinations. Further follow-up induding necropsy, lung biopsy or clinical evolution showed a profitability of 80% for P. carinii and of 81,8% for M. tuberculosis that were the most common pathogens. No cases of cytomegalovirus (CMV), atypical mycobacteria or fungi were demonstrated, and false negative of cytomegalovirus affection was detected by necropsy. No outstanding complications happened in any of the examinatíons. The outcomes confirm that the bronchoalveolar lavage is a reliable and effectíve method, that constitutes, in our opinion, the first diagnostic method of choice in the lung infectious complications of AIDS.
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