Article information
Resumen
La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es una de las principales causas de muerte tanto en España como en el mundo, y se estima que produce, respectivamente, 18.000 y 2,75 millones de fallecimientos anuales. Las previsiones son que la mortalidad continúe aumentando en los próximos años por la persistencia del tabaquismo y el envejecimiento poblacional. Múltiples estudios confirman la infradeclaración de la EPOC como causa de muerte en los certificados de defunción, por la dificultad de determinar el motivo último de fallecimiento en estos pacientes. Las principales causas de mortalidad en la EPOC varían desde el cáncer de pulmón y la enfermedad cardiovascular en los pacientes con EPOC leve, a la insuficiencia respiratoria en los estadios más avanzados. Afortunadamente, en sus últimas actualizaciones, las guías terapéuticas para el manejo y tratamiento de la enfermedad ya identifican la disminución de la mortalidad como uno de los objetivos clínicos a conseguir en estos pacientes.
Palabras clave:
Comorbilidades
EPOC
Mortalidad
Población general
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the main causes of death in Spain and elsewhere in the world, with an estimated 18,000 and 2.75 million deaths annually. Mortality is predicted to increase in the next few years due to smoking and the aging population. Multiple studies confirm that COPD is underreported as a cause of death on death certificates, due to the difficulty of determining the final cause of death in these patients. The main causes of mortality in COPD range from lung cancer and cardiovascular disease in patients with mild COPD to respiratory failure in the most advanced stages. Fortunately, in the latest updates, guidelines for the management and treatment of the disease identify reduction of mortality as one of the main clinical objectives to be achieved in these patients.
Key words:
Comorbidities
COPD
Mortality
General population
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