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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The paucity of long-term studies makes it difficult to evaluate the sustained abstinence over time of smokers who quit&#46; The objective of the present study was to determine to what extent the results of tobacco cessation interventions are maintained after 5 years&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients and Methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This was a longitudinal prospective study of 502 smokers&#46; The design was quasi-experimental given that therapy was allocated according to the level of the patients&#39; nicotine dependence&#58; routine minimum intervention for smokers with mild addiction and those not in the preparation stage&#44; and nicotine replacement therapy for patients with moderate-to-high dependence and&#47;or a high level of tobacco consumption&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Of the 267 patients followed for 5 years&#44; 29&#46;6&#37; quit and were still abstinent at 1 year&#44; and 18&#46;0&#37; remained abstinent after 5 years&#46; Of those who had managed to stop smoking within 2 months of starting the intervention&#44; 47&#46;4&#37; were still abstinent on follow-up at 5 years while 88&#46;1&#37; of those who failed to quit within 2 months were still smoking 5 years later&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The results observed during the action stage could be of use in reorienting the treatment approach&#44; and a planned schedule of follow-up contacts could help patients maintain the abstinence achieved in the course of the intervention&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 43. Issue 3.
Pages 136-142 (January 2007)
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Vol. 43. Issue 3.
Pages 136-142 (January 2007)
Original Articles
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Tobacco Cessation: Action-Stage Result as a Predictor of Successful Long-Term Maintenance
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Miguel Barrueco Ferreroa,
Corresponding author
mibafe@telefonica.net

Correspondence: Dr M. Barrueco Ferrero. Consulta de Tabaquismo. Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitario de Salamanca. P.º de San Vicente, 58. 37007 Salamanca. España
, Miguel Torrecilla Garcíab,c, Miguel Ángel Hernández Mezquitad, Carlos A. Jiménez Ruize, Almudena Morales Sánchezc, Alejandro Alonso Díazc, Dolores Plaza Martínd
a Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
b Centro de Salud San Juan, Salamanca, Spain
c Unidad Docente de Medicina Familial y Comunitaria de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
d Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Virgen del Puerto, Plasencia, Cáceres, Spain
e Unidad Especializada en Tabaquismo, Instituto de Salud Pública, Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Article information
Objective

The paucity of long-term studies makes it difficult to evaluate the sustained abstinence over time of smokers who quit. The objective of the present study was to determine to what extent the results of tobacco cessation interventions are maintained after 5 years.

Patients and Methods

This was a longitudinal prospective study of 502 smokers. The design was quasi-experimental given that therapy was allocated according to the level of the patients' nicotine dependence: routine minimum intervention for smokers with mild addiction and those not in the preparation stage, and nicotine replacement therapy for patients with moderate-to-high dependence and/or a high level of tobacco consumption.

Results

Of the 267 patients followed for 5 years, 29.6% quit and were still abstinent at 1 year, and 18.0% remained abstinent after 5 years. Of those who had managed to stop smoking within 2 months of starting the intervention, 47.4% were still abstinent on follow-up at 5 years while 88.1% of those who failed to quit within 2 months were still smoking 5 years later.

Conclusions

The results observed during the action stage could be of use in reorienting the treatment approach, and a planned schedule of follow-up contacts could help patients maintain the abstinence achieved in the course of the intervention.

Key words:
Tobacco cessation
Continuous abstinence
Predictors of succes
Objetivo

La escasez de estudios a largo plazo dificulta la valoración de la abstinencia mantenida en el tiempo de los fumadores que consiguen dejar de fumar. El objetivo de nuestro estudio ha sido determinar en qué medida los resultados obtenidos tras la intervención para dejar de fumar se consolidan en el tiempo, al cabo de 5 años.

Pacientes y Métodos

Se ha realizado un estudio longitudinal y prospectivo sobre 502 fumadores, cuasi experimental, al considerar el grado de dependencia nicotínica como criterio para la asignación del tratamiento: intervención mínima sistematizada en los fumadores con dependencia baja o que aún no se encontraban en fase de preparación, y tratamiento sustitutivo con nicotina en aquéllos con dependencia moderada-alta y/o alto consumo de cigarrillos.

Resultados

De los 267 pacientes que completaron el seguimiento a los 5 años, el 29,6% dejó de fumar y se mantuvo abstinente al año de seguimiento, y el 18,0% a los 5 años. De los que consiguieron dejar de fumar a los 2 meses de la intervención el 47,4% consolidó su abstinencia al cabo de los 5 años de seguimiento, y de los que no lo consiguieron seguía fumando el 88,1%.

Conclusiones

Los resultados observados en la fase de acción pueden considerarse un elemento de ayuda para reorientar la actitud terapéutica, y quizá el planteamiento de controles programados en el tiempo ayude a consolidar la abstinencia tabáquica conseguida durante la intervención.

Palabras clave:
Deshabituación tabáquica
Abstinencia mantenida
Predictores de éxito
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This study was included in an application to the government of the autonomous community of Castile-Leon for financing to support research projects in the framework of a program implemented in 2005 aimed at the prevention and control of smoking.

Copyright © 2007. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
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