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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El tabaquismo es el problema de salud m&#225;s importante en la edad escolar&#46; Su prevenci&#243;n mediante la educaci&#243;n para la salud es una actividad que deber&#237;a ser asumida por todos los miembros de la comunidad escolar &#40;padres&#44; profesores y alumnos&#41; y el personal sanitario&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Hemos dise&#241;ado un programa de intervenci&#243;n contra el tabaco de 3 a&#241;os de duraci&#243;n y que afecta a todos los escolares de 6&#46;&#176;&#44; 7&#46;&#176; y 8&#46;&#176; de EGB&#44; l&#46;&#176; y 2&#46;&#176; de BUP y COU de los centros escolares de la zona de Vitigudino &#40;Salamanca&#41;&#46; Exponemos los resultados de las actitudes de los alumnos recogidas en la fase inicial del programa&#46;</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El 68&#37; de los alumnos y el 50&#44;7&#37; de las alumnas han fumado en alguna ocasi&#243;n&#46; La edad media del primer contacto con el tabaco fue de 12&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;4 a&#241;os&#44; siendo significativamente inferior &#40;p &#60; 0&#44;001&#41; en los alumnos que en las alumnas&#46; En la actualidad fuma el 13&#44;7&#37; de la poblaci&#243;n escolar&#46; Los principales motivos de iniciaci&#243;n al consumo de tabaco fueron que otros amigos fumen &#40;56&#44;9&#37;&#41; y la curiosidad &#40;55&#44;4&#37;&#41;&#46; El tabaquismo en el medio familiar s&#243;lo fue referido por el 29&#44;5&#37; de los alumnos&#46; El conocimiento de la patolog&#237;a derivada del tabaco es limitado&#46; La intenci&#243;n de fumar al abandonar el centro afecta al 9&#37; de los escolares mientras el 46&#44;7&#37; no sabe si fumar&#225;&#46; El hecho de que &#250;nicamente el 44&#44;1&#37; de la poblaci&#243;n escolar crea que al dejar el centro no ser&#225; fumador justifica la necesidad de intervenir reforzando los conocimientos que les permitan abstenerse de fumar&#46;</p><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los programas de intervenci&#243;n sobre la poblaci&#243;n escolar han demostrado ser &#250;tiles para disminuir la prevalencia del tabaquismo entre los escolares&#46; Si un adolescente sabe evitar el tabaco es poco probable que de adulto sea fumador&#46; Por ello&#44; resulta necesario el desarrollo de este tipo de actividades como el Programa de Informaci&#243;n y Prevenci&#243;n del Tabaquismo en el Medio Escolar de Vitigudino &#40;Salamanca&#41;&#46;</p></span>"
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Vol. 31. Issue 1.
Pages 23-27 (January 1995)
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Vol. 31. Issue 1.
Pages 23-27 (January 1995)
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Tabaquismo escolar en el medio rural de Castilla-León. Actitudes de la población escolar
Smoking in school-age children in rural Castilla-León. Attitudes of the school population
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M. Barrueco*, M. Vicente, I. López, T. Gonsalves, D. Terrero, J. García, D. Asensio
Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitario. Salamanca. Centro de Salud de Vitigudino. Salamanca
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El tabaquismo es el problema de salud más importante en la edad escolar. Su prevención mediante la educación para la salud es una actividad que debería ser asumida por todos los miembros de la comunidad escolar (padres, profesores y alumnos) y el personal sanitario.

Hemos diseñado un programa de intervención contra el tabaco de 3 años de duración y que afecta a todos los escolares de 6.°, 7.° y 8.° de EGB, l.° y 2.° de BUP y COU de los centros escolares de la zona de Vitigudino (Salamanca). Exponemos los resultados de las actitudes de los alumnos recogidas en la fase inicial del programa.

El 68% de los alumnos y el 50,7% de las alumnas han fumado en alguna ocasión. La edad media del primer contacto con el tabaco fue de 12,1±2,4 años, siendo significativamente inferior (p < 0,001) en los alumnos que en las alumnas. En la actualidad fuma el 13,7% de la población escolar. Los principales motivos de iniciación al consumo de tabaco fueron que otros amigos fumen (56,9%) y la curiosidad (55,4%). El tabaquismo en el medio familiar sólo fue referido por el 29,5% de los alumnos. El conocimiento de la patología derivada del tabaco es limitado. La intención de fumar al abandonar el centro afecta al 9% de los escolares mientras el 46,7% no sabe si fumará. El hecho de que únicamente el 44,1% de la población escolar crea que al dejar el centro no será fumador justifica la necesidad de intervenir reforzando los conocimientos que les permitan abstenerse de fumar.

Los programas de intervención sobre la población escolar han demostrado ser útiles para disminuir la prevalencia del tabaquismo entre los escolares. Si un adolescente sabe evitar el tabaco es poco probable que de adulto sea fumador. Por ello, resulta necesario el desarrollo de este tipo de actividades como el Programa de Información y Prevención del Tabaquismo en el Medio Escolar de Vitigudino (Salamanca).

Palabras clave:
Tabaquismo
Escuela
Prevención

Tobacco smoking is the most important health problem among school-age children and educational programs aiming at prevention must be taken up by all members of the school community (parents, teachers and students) as well as by health providers.

We designed an anti-smoking campaign lasting three years directed towards sixth, seventh and eighth-grade elementary school students and secondary school pupils attending classes in the area of Vitigudino (Salamanca). We report the results of student attitude surveys done at the beginning of the program.

Sixty-eight percent of boys and 50.7% of girls have smoked at some time. The average age of first contact with tobáceo was 12.1±2.4 years, with boys starting to smoke at a significantly younger age (p < 0.001) than girls. At present, 13.7% of school children smoke. The main reasons given for starting to smoke were that friends smoked (56.9%) and curiosity (55.4%). Tobacco smoking in the family was mentioned by only 29.5% of the students surveyed. Knowledge of medical problems related to smoking was limited. Intention to smoke upon leaving school was reported by 9%, while 46.7% did not know if they would smoke. The fact that only 44.1% of school children believe they will not smoke upon leaving school highlights the need to provide support information that will help students abstain.

Programs aimed at school children have been shown to help reduce tobacco smoking in this population. An adolescent who learns to avoid tobáceo is unlikely to be a smoker in adulthood. It is therefore necessary to develop campaigns like the Program of Information and Prevention of Smoking in the School Environment of Vitigudino (Salamanca).

Key words:
Smoking
School
Prevention
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