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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In clinical practice&#44; spirometry is an extremely useful test that requires strict quality control&#44; an appropriate strategy for interpretation&#44; and reliable reference values&#46; The aim of this study was to report spirometric reference values for 5 cities in Latin America&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients and methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">From data for 5315 subjects who had undergone spirometry in the PLATINO study in Caracas&#44; Mexico City&#44; Santiago&#44; S&#227;o Paulo&#44; and Montevideo&#44; we selected information for 906 &#40;17&#37;&#41; individuals aged between 40 years and 90 years to provide reference values&#46; The chosen subjects had never smoked&#44; were asymptomatic&#44; had not been diagnosed with lung disease&#44; and were not obese&#46; Multiple regression models were constructed with the following spirometric parameters&#58; forced expiratory volume in 1 second &#40;FEV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span>&#41; and in 6 seconds &#40;FEV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">6</span>&#41;&#44; peak expiratory flow&#44; forced vital capacity &#40;FVC&#41;&#44; FEV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span>&#47;FEV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">6</span>&#44; FEV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span>&#47;FVC&#44; and forced midexpiratory flow rate&#46; Height&#44; sex&#44; and age were also included in the model&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Average values for the subjects studied were similar to those for the white North American population and the Mexican-American population of the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey&#44; but exceeded those of the black population of the same survey by 20&#37;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The proposed reference values are an improvement on those currently available for Latin America because the participants were chosen by population sampling methods and standardized up-to-date methodology was used&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La espirometr&#237;a es una prueba de gran utilidad cl&#237;nica&#44; que requiere un estricto control de calidad&#44; una estrategia de interpretaci&#243;n y valores de referencia adecuados&#46; El prop&#243;sito del presente trabajo es comunicar los valores de referencia para la espirometr&#237;a en 5 ciudades de Latinoam&#233;rica&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Pacientes y m&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El estudio PLATINO se llev&#243; a cabo en Caracas&#44; M&#233;xico&#44; Santiago&#44; S&#227;o Paulo y Montevideo e incluy&#243; a un total de 5&#46;315 sujetos con espirometr&#237;a realizada&#46; De ellos&#44; se estudi&#243; a 906 &#40;17&#37;&#41; que ten&#237;an entre 40 y 90 a&#241;os de edad para crear valores de referencia&#44; porque nunca hab&#237;an fumado&#44; estaban asintom&#225;ticos y no ten&#237;an enfermedad pulmonar diagnosticada ni obesidad&#46; Se efectuaron modelos de regresi&#243;n m&#250;ltiple con los valores espirom&#233;tricos &#8212; volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo &#40;FEV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span>&#41; y en 6 s &#40;FEV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">6</span>&#41;&#44; flujo espiratorio m&#225;ximo&#44; capacidad vital forzada &#40;FVC&#41;&#44; FEV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span>&#47;FEV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">6</span>&#44; FEV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span>&#47;FVC y flujo mesoespiratorio forzado&#8212;&#44; la talla&#44; el sexo y la edad&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los sujetos estudiados presentaron en promedio valores similares a los de la poblaci&#243;n norteamericana blanca y americana de origen mexicano del estudio NHANES III&#44; pero superiores a los de la poblaci&#243;n negra en un 20&#37;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los valores de referencia propuestos representan una ventaja sobre los disponibles en la actualidad en Latinoam&#233;rica&#44; ya que se eligi&#243; a los participantes por m&#233;todos de muestreo poblacional y el m&#233;todo empleado es estandarizado y actualizado&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 42. Issue 7.
Pages 317-325 (July 2006)
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Vol. 42. Issue 7.
Pages 317-325 (July 2006)
Original Articles
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Spirometric Reference Values in 5 Large Latin American Cities for Subjects Aged 40 Years or Over
Visits
6042
Rogelio Pérez-Padillaa,**
Corresponding author
perezpad@servidor.unam.mx

Correspondence: Dr. R. Pérez-Padilla. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias. Tlalpan, 4.502. 14080 México DF. México
, Gonzalo Valdiviab, Adriana Muiñoc, María Victorina Lópezc, María Nelly Márquezc, María Montes de Ocad, Carlos Tálamod, Carmen Lisboab, Julio Pertuzéb, José Roberto B. Jardime, Ana María B. Menezesf, on behalf of the PLATINO work group *
a Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico DF, Mexico
b Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
c Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
d Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
e Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
f Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Article information
Objective

In clinical practice, spirometry is an extremely useful test that requires strict quality control, an appropriate strategy for interpretation, and reliable reference values. The aim of this study was to report spirometric reference values for 5 cities in Latin America.

Patients and methods

From data for 5315 subjects who had undergone spirometry in the PLATINO study in Caracas, Mexico City, Santiago, São Paulo, and Montevideo, we selected information for 906 (17%) individuals aged between 40 years and 90 years to provide reference values. The chosen subjects had never smoked, were asymptomatic, had not been diagnosed with lung disease, and were not obese. Multiple regression models were constructed with the following spirometric parameters: forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and in 6 seconds (FEV6), peak expiratory flow, forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FEV6, FEV1/FVC, and forced midexpiratory flow rate. Height, sex, and age were also included in the model.

Results

Average values for the subjects studied were similar to those for the white North American population and the Mexican-American population of the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, but exceeded those of the black population of the same survey by 20%.

Conclusions

The proposed reference values are an improvement on those currently available for Latin America because the participants were chosen by population sampling methods and standardized up-to-date methodology was used.

Key words:
Spirometry
Reference Values
PLATINO
Latin America
Objetivo

La espirometría es una prueba de gran utilidad clínica, que requiere un estricto control de calidad, una estrategia de interpretación y valores de referencia adecuados. El propósito del presente trabajo es comunicar los valores de referencia para la espirometría en 5 ciudades de Latinoamérica.

Pacientes y métodos

El estudio PLATINO se llevó a cabo en Caracas, México, Santiago, São Paulo y Montevideo e incluyó a un total de 5.315 sujetos con espirometría realizada. De ellos, se estudió a 906 (17%) que tenían entre 40 y 90 años de edad para crear valores de referencia, porque nunca habían fumado, estaban asintomáticos y no tenían enfermedad pulmonar diagnosticada ni obesidad. Se efectuaron modelos de regresión múltiple con los valores espirométricos — volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo (FEV1) y en 6 s (FEV6), flujo espiratorio máximo, capacidad vital forzada (FVC), FEV1/FEV6, FEV1/FVC y flujo mesoespiratorio forzado—, la talla, el sexo y la edad.

Resultados

Los sujetos estudiados presentaron en promedio valores similares a los de la población norteamericana blanca y americana de origen mexicano del estudio NHANES III, pero superiores a los de la población negra en un 20%.

Conclusiones

Los valores de referencia propuestos representan una ventaja sobre los disponibles en la actualidad en Latinoamérica, ya que se eligió a los participantes por métodos de muestreo poblacional y el método empleado es estandarizado y actualizado.

Palabras clave:
Espirometría
Valores de referencia
PLATINO
Latinoamérica
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In addition to the listed authors, the group comprises Dr Dolores Moreno (Universidad Central de Venezuela), and Dr César Gomes Victora and Pedro Curi Hallal (Universidad Federal de Pelotas, Brazil).

Study performed with financial support from Boerhinger-Ingelheim and in collaboration with the Latin American Thoracic Association (ALAT) and the Burden of Lung Disease initiative.

Copyright © 2006. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
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