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Vol. 38. Issue 12.
Pages 580-584 (December 2002)
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Vol. 38. Issue 12.
Pages 580-584 (December 2002)
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Síndrome de bajo peso asociado a la EPOC en nuestro medio
Low-weight syndrome associated with COPD in our setting
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C. Coronell, M. Orozco-Levi, A. Ramírez-Sarmiento, J. Martínez-Llorens, J. Broquetas, J. Gea
Corresponding author
jgea@imim.es

Correspondencia: Servei de Pneumologia. Hospital del Mar-Imim. P.° Marítim, 27. 08003 Barcelona. España
Servicio de Neumología. Hospital del Mar-Imim. Universidades Pompeu Fabra (UPF) y Autónoma (UAB). Barcelona. España
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Introducción

La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es una entidad de elevada prevalencia, con importantes consecuencias económicas y sanitarias, que derivan en gran parte de la limitación que la enfermedad comporta en la actividad y expectativas vitales del paciente. Uno de los factores recientemente implicados en las citadas limitaciones es la presencia de bajo peso asociada con la enfermedad. Aunque la causa no está clara, esta alteración parece afectar a un número importante de pacientes (entre el 25 y el 35% según las series), al menos en el norte de Europa y los EE.UU. Sin embargo, existe la percepción de que la situación podría ser diferente en el área mediterránea.

Objetivo

Aproximar la prevalencia del síndrome de bajo peso en pacientes con EPOC de nuestro entorno.

Método

Se revisaron las características antropométricas básicas de los pacientes con EPOC filiados funcionalmente en nuestro laboratorio a lo largo de los dos últimos años (2000–2001).

Resultados

De los 3.126 sujetos analizados, la prevalencia de un índice de masa corporal (IMC) por debajo de 20 kg/m2fue de tan sólo el 6,6%, cifra que se reducía al 3,1% si el dintel escogido era el de 18 kg/m2. Este dato es aún más llamativo si se tiene en cuenta que casi la mitad de los pacientes evidenciaban enfermedad grave (volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo [FEV1] inferior al 50% ref). El IMC se correlacionó directamente con FEV1/FVC y transferencia del CO.

Conclusiones

Estos resultados sugieren que los pacientes con EPOC de nuestra área geográfica presentan características fenotípicas diferenciadas de las previamente descritas en otras latitudes. En concreto, una menor prevalencia del síndrome de bajo peso. Sin embargo, esta observación debe ser confirmada en estudios más amplios.

Palabras clave:
EPOC
Nutrición
Fenotipo

The high prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has considerable economic and health-related impact. The consequences arise largely from limitations on a patient's activity and shortened life expectancy. Low body weight has recently been implicated as a factor affecting limitations. Although the reason is not clear, weight loss appears to affect many patients (from 25 to 35% in different series), at least in Europe and North America. However, the situation is thought to be different in the Mediterranean area.

Objective

To estimate the prevalence of the low weight syndrome in patients with COPD in our area.

Method

COPD patient characteristics monitored by our laboratory over the last two years (2000 and 2001) were reviewed.

Results

The prevalence of a body mass index (BMI) less than 20 kg/m2was only 6.6% among the 3,126 patients studied. That percentage fell to 3.1% with a cutoff of 18 kg/m2. The figure was even more striking if we consider that half the patients had severe disease (FEV 1<50% of reference). BMI was directly related to FEV1/FC and CO transfer.

Conclusions

These results suggest that COPD patients in our geographic area have characteristics that distinguish them from those previously described in other countries. Specifically, the prevalence of low weight syndrome in our area appears to be lower. However, larger studies should be performed to confirm this finding.

Keywords:
COPD
Nutrition
Patient characteristics
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Subvencionado por Biomed Bmh4-CT98-3406 (Unión Europea), FIS 01/1324 y SEPAR 2001

Copyright © 2002. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
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