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Vol. 45. Issue 3.
Pages 154-155 (March 2009)
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Vol. 45. Issue 3.
Pages 154-155 (March 2009)
Case report
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Response to Inhaled Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor in a Patient With Alveolar Proteinosis
Proteinosis alveolar. Respuesta al tratamiento con factor estimulante de colonias de granulocitos y macrófagos por vía inhalada
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José Antonio Rodríguez Portal
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jarportal@ecua.es

Corresponding author.
, Eulogio Rodríguez Becerra, Sánchez Garrido
Unidad Médico-Quirúrgica de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
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Abstract

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a rare disease characterized by the accumulation of lipoproteinaceous material derived from alveolar surfactant in the alveoli, with a consequent deterioration in gas exchange. Pathogenesis is related to impaired phagocytic function of alveolar macrophages. In recent years, a new treatment for pulmonary alveolar proteinosis—consisting of subcutaneous administration of granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)—has become available. The commonly accepted treatment, and the one to have shown greatest efficacy in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, is whole lung lavage. Instead of subcutaneous administration, GM-CSF can also be inhaled as an aerosol. This route of administration of GM-CSF is safe and effective in the treatment of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and represents an alternative to subcutaneous administration or whole lung lavage. We present a patient with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis who was treated with inhaled GM-CSF and describe her clinical and functional outcome after 1 year of treatment.

Keywords:
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating
factor
Aerosol therapy
Resumen

La proteinosis alveolar pulmonar (PAP) es una rara enfermedad que se caracteriza por la acumulación en el alvéolo pulmonar de un material lipoproteico derivado del surfactante alveolar, lo que provoca el consiguiente deterioro del intercambio gaseoso. Su patogenia está relacionada con alteraciones en la capacidad fagocítica del macrófago alveolar. Desde hace pocos años existe un nuevo tratamiento para la PAP consistente en la administración de factor estimulante de colonias de granulocitos y macrófagos (GM-CSF) por vía subcutánea. El tratamiento comúnmente aceptado y que ha demostrado mayor eficacia en la PAP es el lavado pulmonar total. Una alternativa a este tratamiento es la administración por vía inhalada en aerosolterapia de este factor. La administración del GM-CSF por vía inhalada es segura y eficaz para el tratamiento de la PAP y supone una alternativa al tratamiento con lavado pulmonar total y GM-CSF por vía subcutánea. Presentamos un caso de PAP tratada con GM-CSF por vía inhalada y su evolución clínica y funcional tras un año de tratamiento.

Palabras clave:
Proteinosis alveolar pulmonar
GM-CSF
Aerosolterapia
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Copyright © 2009. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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