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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To study the feasibility and safety of removing retrievable G&#252;nther-Tulip vena cava filters &#40;GTFs&#41; 90 days after their implantation in an ovine model&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Thirty GTFs were implanted in 30 ewes and retrieval was attempted at 90 days&#46; Conventional cavography was performed in all cases before and after retrieval in order to evaluate inferior vena cava patency and record dimensions&#46; The presence of complications related to placement and retrieval of the filter from the inferior vena cava was also recorded&#46; The force required to remove the filters was measured using a modified commercial dynamometer adapted to the GTF retrieval set&#46; Histologic study focused on the inferior vena cava wall&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Implantation was performed successfully in all cases &#40;100&#37;&#41;&#46; One ewe developed a small focus of thrombosis around 1 of the legs of the filter and another presented a small thrombus within the filter&#46; Retrieval of the filter was attempted in all 30 sheep at 90 days and the result was satisfactory in all but 1 case &#40;96&#46;6&#37;&#41;&#46; None of the GTFs required a force greater than 12 N to disengage the hooks of the filter from the wall&#46; No complications were detected on venacavography or at autopsy&#46; Variable degrees of fibrosis were observed in the histologic study&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Retrieval of GTFs 90 days after implantation in an ovine model was feasible&#44; safe&#44; and easy&#44; and required little force &#40;median&#44; 4&#46;2 N&#41;&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudiar la posibilidad y la seguridad de recuperar filtros opcionales de vena cava G&#252;nther-Tulip &#40;FGT&#41; a los 90 d&#237;as de su implantaci&#243;n inicial en un modelo animal ovino</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se implantaron 30 FGT en otras tantas ovejas hembras y se intent&#243; recuperarlos 90 d&#237;as despu&#233;s de su implantaci&#243;n&#46; Se realiz&#243; cavograf&#237;a convencional en todos los casos antes y despu&#233;s de la recuperaci&#243;n&#44; para evaluar la permeabilidad de la vena cava&#46; Se obtuvieron medidas de la vena cava y se document&#243; la presencia de complicaciones relativas a la implantaci&#243;n y recuperaci&#243;n del filtro de vena cava inferior &#40;VCI&#41;&#46; Se midi&#243; la fuerza requerida para recuperar los filtros de vena cava con un dinam&#243;metro comercial modificado y adaptado al equipo de recuperaci&#243;n de FGT&#46; El estudio histol&#243;gico se centr&#243; en la pared de la VCI&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La implantaci&#243;n se efectu&#243; con &#233;xito en todos los casos &#40;100&#37;&#41;&#46; Una oveja desarroll&#243; un peque&#241;o foco de trombosis en una de las patas del filtro y otra present&#243; un trombo peque&#241;o en el interior del filtro&#46; Se intent&#243; la recuperaci&#243;n del filtro en las 30 ovejas y&#44; excepto en un caso&#44; el resultado fue satisfactorio &#40;96&#44;6&#37;&#41;&#46; En la recuperaci&#243;n de los 30 FGT&#44; la fuerza necesaria para desenganchar las patas del filtro de la VCI fue menor de 12 newtons &#40;N&#41;&#46; No se observ&#243; ninguna complicaci&#243;n en los cavogramas ni en la autopsia&#46; Se observaron diferentes grados de fibrosis en el estudio histol&#243;gico&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En un modelo animal ovino&#44; la recupera-ci&#243;n de FGT a los 90 d&#237;as de su implantaci&#243;n es posible&#44; segura y f&#225;cil&#44; y requiere poca fuerza &#40;mediana&#58; 4&#44;2 N&#41;&#46;</p>"
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Journal Information
Vol. 44. Issue 11.
Pages 591-596 (January 2008)
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Vol. 44. Issue 11.
Pages 591-596 (January 2008)
Original Articles
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Removal of Retrievable Inferior Vena Cava Filters 90 Days After Implantation in an Ovine Model: Is There a Time Limit for Removal?
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Miguel Ángel de Gregorioa,
Corresponding author
mgregori@unizar.es

Correspondence: Dr. M.A. de Gregorio Gómez Laguna, 13, 5º B 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
, Alicia Labordaa, María Teresa Higueraa, Fernando Lostalea, Javier Gómez-Arruea, Carolina Serranoa, Miguel Ángel Martínezb, Américo Viloriaa
a Unidad de Cirugía Mínimamente Invasiva Guiada por Imagen, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
b I3A, Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería de Aragón, Grupo de Mecánica, Estructural y Modelado de Materiales, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
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Objective

To study the feasibility and safety of removing retrievable Günther-Tulip vena cava filters (GTFs) 90 days after their implantation in an ovine model.

Material and methods

Thirty GTFs were implanted in 30 ewes and retrieval was attempted at 90 days. Conventional cavography was performed in all cases before and after retrieval in order to evaluate inferior vena cava patency and record dimensions. The presence of complications related to placement and retrieval of the filter from the inferior vena cava was also recorded. The force required to remove the filters was measured using a modified commercial dynamometer adapted to the GTF retrieval set. Histologic study focused on the inferior vena cava wall.

Results

Implantation was performed successfully in all cases (100%). One ewe developed a small focus of thrombosis around 1 of the legs of the filter and another presented a small thrombus within the filter. Retrieval of the filter was attempted in all 30 sheep at 90 days and the result was satisfactory in all but 1 case (96.6%). None of the GTFs required a force greater than 12 N to disengage the hooks of the filter from the wall. No complications were detected on venacavography or at autopsy. Variable degrees of fibrosis were observed in the histologic study.

Conclusions

Retrieval of GTFs 90 days after implantation in an ovine model was feasible, safe, and easy, and required little force (median, 4.2 N).

Key words:
Filters
Inferior vena cava
Pulmonary embolism
Objetivo

Estudiar la posibilidad y la seguridad de recuperar filtros opcionales de vena cava Günther-Tulip (FGT) a los 90 días de su implantación inicial en un modelo animal ovino

Material y métodos

Se implantaron 30 FGT en otras tantas ovejas hembras y se intentó recuperarlos 90 días después de su implantación. Se realizó cavografía convencional en todos los casos antes y después de la recuperación, para evaluar la permeabilidad de la vena cava. Se obtuvieron medidas de la vena cava y se documentó la presencia de complicaciones relativas a la implantación y recuperación del filtro de vena cava inferior (VCI). Se midió la fuerza requerida para recuperar los filtros de vena cava con un dinamómetro comercial modificado y adaptado al equipo de recuperación de FGT. El estudio histológico se centró en la pared de la VCI.

Resultados

La implantación se efectuó con éxito en todos los casos (100%). Una oveja desarrolló un pequeño foco de trombosis en una de las patas del filtro y otra presentó un trombo pequeño en el interior del filtro. Se intentó la recuperación del filtro en las 30 ovejas y, excepto en un caso, el resultado fue satisfactorio (96,6%). En la recuperación de los 30 FGT, la fuerza necesaria para desenganchar las patas del filtro de la VCI fue menor de 12 newtons (N). No se observó ninguna complicación en los cavogramas ni en la autopsia. Se observaron diferentes grados de fibrosis en el estudio histológico.

Conclusiones

En un modelo animal ovino, la recupera-ción de FGT a los 90 días de su implantación es posible, segura y fácil, y requiere poca fuerza (mediana: 4,2 N).

Palabras clave:
Filtros
Vena cava inferior
Embolia pulmonar
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Copyright © 2008. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
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