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Vol. 45. Issue 8.
Pages 376-381 (August 2009)
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Vol. 45. Issue 8.
Pages 376-381 (August 2009)
Original article
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Relation Between Atherosclerotic Calcifications Detected in Chest Computed Tomography and Lung Function
Relación entre las calcificaciones ateroscleróticas en el tórax detectadas mediante tomografía computarizada y la función pulmonar
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Tapio Vehmasa,
Corresponding author
tapio.vehmas@ttl.fi

Corresponding author.
, Asta Hiltinunenb, Päivi Leino-Arjasa, Päivi Piiriläc
a Health and Work Ability, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
b Department of Radiology, Central Hospital of Länsi-Pohja, Kemi, Finland
c Department of Clinical Physiology, Helsinki University Hospital, HUSLAB, Helsinki, Finland
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Abstract
Background and objectives

A few recent epidemiological findings indicate a link between atherosclerosis and some lung functions. We studied further the relation between calcified chest atherosclerosis as seen in computed tomography (CT) and several lung functional parameters.

Patients and methods

Male construction workers originally screened for occupational lung cancer with CT had their chest atherosclerosis (aorta, the origins of its cervical branches, the coronary arteries and heart valves) visually classified. The relation between the atherosclerotic calcification scores and lung function (total lung capacity [TLC], forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1%], forced vital capacity [FVC%], maximal expiratory flow when 50% of FVC remains to be exhaled, total and specific diffusing capacities; all above expressed as percent of predicted value, and the FEV1/FVC% ratio) were studied with the general linear model adjusted for smoking, exposure years for asbestos, and body mass index (n = 432).

Results

All lung functions except TLC showed significant negative associations with calcifications in aorta and in its branches. TLC showed such association only with atherosclerosis in the ascending aorta.

Conclusions

Aortic atherosclerosis seems to be related with poor lung function. This may be due to deteriorated bronchial circulation, but other mechanisms can also be involved. Lung function poorer than would be expected due to pulmonary reasons may indicate aortic atherosclerosis.

Keywords:
Atherosclerosis
Respiratory function tests
Tomography spiral computed
Resumen
Introducción

Varios hallazgos epidemiológicos recientes indican que hay una conexión entre la aterosclerosis y algunas funciones pulmonares. Examinamos en más detalle la relación entre la aterosclerosis calcificada de tórax, según se visualiza en la tomografía computarizada (TAC), y varios parámetros de función pulmonar.

Pacientes y métodos

En obreros de la construcción masculinos a quienes inicialmente se realizó una TAC para la detección precoz de cáncer de pulmón ocupacional, se efectuó también una clasificación visual de la aterosclerosis en la zona torácica (aorta, origen de arterias del cayado aórtico, arterias coronarias y válvulas cardíacas). Se evaluó la relación entre las puntuaciones de la calcificación aterosclerótica y los parámetros de función pulmonar –capacidad pulmonar total (TLC), volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo (FEV1%), capacidad vital forzada (FVC%), flujo espiratorio máximo cuando queda un 50% de la FVC por espirar y capacidades de difusión total y específica (todos ellos expresados como porcentajes del valor predicho), así como el cociente FEV1/FVC%– con un modelo lineal general ajustado para tabaquismo, años de exposición al asbesto e índice de masa corporal (n=432).

Resultados

Todos los parámetros de la función pulmonar, salvo la TLC, mostraron asociaciones negativas y significativas con la calcificación de la aorta y de sus ramas. La TLC sólo mostró tal asociación con la aterosclerosis en la aorta ascendente.

Conclusiones

La aterosclerosis aórtica parece estar relacionada con una función pulmonar deficiente. Esto puede deberse al deterioro de la circulación bronquial, pero también pueden intervenir otros mecanismos. Una función pulmonar más deficiente de lo esperado según las condiciones pulmonares puede indicar aterosclerosis aórtica.

Palabras clave:
Aterosclerosis
Pruebas de función respiratoria
Tomografía computarizada helicoidal
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