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Vol. 31. Issue 7.
Pages 333-338 (October 1995)
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Vol. 31. Issue 7.
Pages 333-338 (October 1995)
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Pronóstico individualizado en el carcinoma de pulmón no microcítico. Una aproximación multivariada
Individualized prognosis in non-small cell lung cáncer. A multivariate analysis
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J.J. Soler1, M. Perpiñá, J.V. Greses
Servicios de Neumología. Hospital Universitario La Fe. Valencia
J. Padilla*, G. Sales*, F. París*
* Cirugía Torácica. Hospital Universitario La Fe. Valencia
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Con el ánimo de realizar una aproximación inicial al pronóstico individualizado del paciente con carcinoma de pulmón no microcítico (CNM) hemos realizado un análisis multivariado discriminante a partir de la combinación de diversos factores pronósticos. Se han estudiado 93 enfermos, todos ellos con seguimiento completo, diagnosticados de CNM en estadio II sometidos a intervención quirúrgica en nuestro hospital. Como variable dependiente (VD) hemos considerado la supervivencia mayor o menor de un año, y como variables independientes (VI), toda una serie de datos clínicos, analíticos, funcionales, respiratorios, histológicos, anatómicos y quirúrgicos. El 31,2% de los pacientes fallecieron durante el primer año. Entre éstos, el tamaño tumoral fue sensiblemente superior (6,0±2,1 cm frente a 4,8±2,0 cm; p=0,011), mientras la albúmina sérica resultó ser inferior (3,7±0,7 g/dl, 3,9±0,6 g/dl; p=0,039); el resto de VI estudiadas no mostraron diferencias significativas en el análisis univariado previo. La función lineal finalmente obtenida con el análisis discriminante permitió clasificar correctamente los enfermos en el 87,1% de los casos, con una sensibilidad diagnóstica para los fallecidos durante el primer año del 79,3%, una especificidad del 90,6%, un valor predictivo positivo del 79,3% y un valor predictivo negativo del 90,6%. Las VI que se asociaron a un peor pronóstico fueron: tamaño tumoral grande, duración prolongada de los síntomas, albúmina baja, fosfatasas alcalinas elevadas, presencia de dos o más adenopatías N1 afectadas, neumonectomía y presencia de complicaciones perioperatorias.

En nuestra opinión, este trabajo exploratorio pone de manifiesto que el análisis conjunto de diversos factores pronósticos puede contribuir a depurar el pronóstico de cada paciente dentro de un mismo estadio anatómico.

Palabras clave:
Cáncer de pulmón no microcítico
Factores pronósticos
Análisis multivariante

With the aim of providing a System to give individualized initial prognosis for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSLC), we performed a multivariate discriminant analysis with combinations of various prognostic factors, studying 93 patients with diagnoses of stage II NSLC and complete followup information. All had undergone surgery at our hospital. Survival longer than or less than one year was defined as the dependent variable: independent variables more clinical, analytical, lung function, histological, anatomical and surgical data. Among the 31.2% of patients who died within one year, tumor size was noticeably greater (6.0±2.1 cm versus 4.8±2.0 cm; p=0.11) and serum albumin was lower (3.7±0.7 g/dl versus 3.9±0.6 g/dl; p=0.039); we found no significant differences among the remaining independent variables in the preliminary univariate analysis. The linear function obtained with discriminant analysis allowed us to classify the patients correctly in 87.1% of cases, with a diagnostic sensitivity of 79.3%, specificity of 90.6%, positive predictive valué of 79.3% and negative predictive valué of 90.6% for patients who died during the first year. The independent variables that were associated with poor prognosis were large tumor size, Iong duration of symptoms, low albumin level, high alkaline phosphate level, presence of 2 or more N1 affected nodes, pneumonectomy and presence of perioperative complications.

Our findings allow us to conclude that the simultaneous analysis of a variety of prognostic factors can help to give an accurate prognosis for individual patients with the same anatomical stage classification.

Key words:
Non-small cell cancer
Prognostic factors
Multivariate analysis
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Copyright © 1995. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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