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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El d&#233;ficit de &#945;-antitripsina &#40;AAT&#41; es una enfermedad in-fradiagnosticada&#44; por lo que se recomienda establecer pro-gramas de cribado en pacientes con EPOC&#46; Presentamos los resultados de la fase piloto de un programa de cribado del d&#233;ficit de AAT&#44; con el objetivo de evaluar la t&#233;cnica utiliza-da&#44; los circuitos de env&#237;o de muestras y los resultados obte-nidos</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Participaron en el estudio 5 centros&#44; que recogieron du-rante el per&#237;odo de un mes muestras de todos los pacientes con EPOC en los que nunca se hubieran determinado las concentraciones plasm&#225;ticas de AAT o el fenotipo Pi&#46; Se aplicaron gotas de sangre capilar sobre discos de papel se-cante&#44; que posteriormente se enviaban por correo postal al laboratorio central del estudio&#46; Las muestras se procesaron para la determinaci&#243;n cuantitativa de los valores de AAT mediante un m&#233;todo de inmunonefelometr&#237;a y&#44; para la de-terminaci&#243;n del genotipo de AAT&#44; con un analizador de ADN del tipo LightCycler&#46; Se analizaron muestras de 86 pa-cientes con EPOC &#40;76 varones&#44; 10 mujeres&#41; con una edad media de 68&#44;2 a&#241;os&#46; En 74 pacientes &#40;86&#37;&#41; se descart&#243; el d&#233;-ficit por presentar concentraciones de AAT por encima del punto de corte establecido&#44; aunque uno de ellos fue heteroci-goto MZ por genotipificaci&#243;n&#46; De los 12 restantes &#40;13&#44;9&#37;&#41;&#44; s&#243;lo 2 individuos presentaban tambi&#233;n un alelo Z&#46; El resto correspondi&#243; a pacientes con concentraciones por debajo del umbral establecido y sin evidencia del alelo Z &#40;10 pacientes&#59; 11&#44;6&#37;&#41;&#46; La frecuencia observada del alelo Z &#40;3&#47;172&#59; 1&#44;74&#37;&#41; es muy similar a la encontrada en la poblaci&#243;n general</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los resultados de esta fase inicial permiten comprobar el correcto funcionamiento del circuito utilizado para la obten-ci&#243;n y env&#237;o de las muestras&#46; Es un m&#233;todo aplicable&#44; c&#243;mo-do y bien aceptado por los m&#233;dicos participantes y permite la cuantificaci&#243;n de AAT&#44; as&#237; como la detecci&#243;n del alelo de-ficitario Z en las muestras con una excelente correlaci&#243;n con las t&#233;cnicas est&#225;ndar que usan muestras de sangre total</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Alpha-1 antitrypsin &#40;AAT&#41; deficiency is an under-diagno-sed disease and screening programs have therefore been re-commended for patients with chronic obstructive pulmo-nary disease &#40;COPD&#41;&#46; We present the results of the pilot phase of a screening program for AAT deficiency in order to evaluate the technique used&#44; the procedures for transpor-ting samples and the results obtained</p><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Over a period of one month&#44; five centers collected samples from all COPD patients for whom plasma concentrations of AAT or Pi phenotype had not yet been determined&#46; Capillary blood spots were dried on filter paper and then sent by surface mail to a central laboratory for study&#46; An immunonephelome-tric assay was used to determine AAT and DNA phenotyping was done by use of a Light Cycler&#46; Samples were analyzed from 86 COPD patients &#40;76 men&#44; 10 women&#41; with a mean age of 68&#46;2 years&#46; AAT deficiency was ruled out for 74 patients &#40;86&#37;&#41; who had concentrations above the cutoff established&#44; although one of them was MZ heterozygote by genotype&#46; Among the 12 remaining patients &#40;13&#46;9&#37;&#41;&#44; only two also had a Z allele&#46; The rest were individuals with concentrations below the established threshold and no evidence of a Z allele &#40;10 patients&#44; 11&#46;6&#37;&#41;&#46; The Z allele frequency observed &#40;3&#47;172&#59; 1&#46;74&#37;&#41; was very similar to that found in the general population</p><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The results of this pilot study allowed us to confirm that the method used to collect samples worked well&#46; The sam-pling method is applicable&#44; easy and well-accepted by partici-pating physicians&#46; It allowed AAT concentrations and Z allele deficiency to be determined&#46; The method correlates well with standard techniques used for samples in whole blood</p>"
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Vol. 39. Issue 1.
Pages 8-12 (January 2003)
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Vol. 39. Issue 1.
Pages 8-12 (January 2003)
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Programa de cribado para el déficit de α-antitripsina en pacientes con EPOC mediante el uso de gota de sangre en papel secante
Screening program for alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, using dried blood spots on filter paper
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C. De La Rozaa, X. Costab, R. Vidalc, S. Viláa, F. Rodríguez-Fríasb, R. Jardíb, M. Miravitllesa,
Corresponding author
marcm@separ.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Neumología (Uvir, esc. 2, planta 3). Hospital Clínic i Provincial.Villarroel, 170. 08036 Barcelona. España
a Servicio de Neumología. Institut Clínic de Pneumologia i Cirurgia Toràcica (IDIBAPS). Hospital Clínic i Provincial. Barcelona
b Servicio de Bioquímica. Hospital General Vall d'Hebron. Barcelona. España
b Servicio de Neumología. Hospital General Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona. España
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Article information

El déficit de α-antitripsina (AAT) es una enfermedad in-fradiagnosticada, por lo que se recomienda establecer pro-gramas de cribado en pacientes con EPOC. Presentamos los resultados de la fase piloto de un programa de cribado del déficit de AAT, con el objetivo de evaluar la técnica utiliza-da, los circuitos de envío de muestras y los resultados obte-nidos

Participaron en el estudio 5 centros, que recogieron du-rante el período de un mes muestras de todos los pacientes con EPOC en los que nunca se hubieran determinado las concentraciones plasmáticas de AAT o el fenotipo Pi. Se aplicaron gotas de sangre capilar sobre discos de papel se-cante, que posteriormente se enviaban por correo postal al laboratorio central del estudio. Las muestras se procesaron para la determinación cuantitativa de los valores de AAT mediante un método de inmunonefelometría y, para la de-terminación del genotipo de AAT, con un analizador de ADN del tipo LightCycler. Se analizaron muestras de 86 pa-cientes con EPOC (76 varones, 10 mujeres) con una edad media de 68,2 años. En 74 pacientes (86%) se descartó el dé-ficit por presentar concentraciones de AAT por encima del punto de corte establecido, aunque uno de ellos fue heteroci-goto MZ por genotipificación. De los 12 restantes (13,9%), sólo 2 individuos presentaban también un alelo Z. El resto correspondió a pacientes con concentraciones por debajo del umbral establecido y sin evidencia del alelo Z (10 pacientes; 11,6%). La frecuencia observada del alelo Z (3/172; 1,74%) es muy similar a la encontrada en la población general

Los resultados de esta fase inicial permiten comprobar el correcto funcionamiento del circuito utilizado para la obten-ción y envío de las muestras. Es un método aplicable, cómo-do y bien aceptado por los médicos participantes y permite la cuantificación de AAT, así como la detección del alelo de-ficitario Z en las muestras con una excelente correlación con las técnicas estándar que usan muestras de sangre total

Palabras clave:
Déficit de α-antitripsina
Cribado
Prevalencia
EPOC

Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is an under-diagno-sed disease and screening programs have therefore been re-commended for patients with chronic obstructive pulmo-nary disease (COPD). We present the results of the pilot phase of a screening program for AAT deficiency in order to evaluate the technique used, the procedures for transpor-ting samples and the results obtained

Over a period of one month, five centers collected samples from all COPD patients for whom plasma concentrations of AAT or Pi phenotype had not yet been determined. Capillary blood spots were dried on filter paper and then sent by surface mail to a central laboratory for study. An immunonephelome-tric assay was used to determine AAT and DNA phenotyping was done by use of a Light Cycler. Samples were analyzed from 86 COPD patients (76 men, 10 women) with a mean age of 68.2 years. AAT deficiency was ruled out for 74 patients (86%) who had concentrations above the cutoff established, although one of them was MZ heterozygote by genotype. Among the 12 remaining patients (13.9%), only two also had a Z allele. The rest were individuals with concentrations below the established threshold and no evidence of a Z allele (10 patients, 11.6%). The Z allele frequency observed (3/172; 1.74%) was very similar to that found in the general population

The results of this pilot study allowed us to confirm that the method used to collect samples worked well. The sam-pling method is applicable, easy and well-accepted by partici-pating physicians. It allowed AAT concentrations and Z allele deficiency to be determined. The method correlates well with standard techniques used for samples in whole blood

Keywords:
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
Screening
Prevalence
COPD
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Copyright © 2003. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
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