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Vol. 45. Issue 11.
Pages 556-560 (November 2009)
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Vol. 45. Issue 11.
Pages 556-560 (November 2009)
Review article
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Prescribing Exercise in Tobacco Smoking Cessation Therapy
Prescripción de ejercicio en el tratamiento de deshabituación del tabaco
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Carlos Ayán Pérez
Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación y el Deporte, Campus de Pontevedra, Universidad de Vigo, Spain
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Abstract

Tobacco is one of the main causes of mortality in industrialized countries, yet there is no treatment that is wholly efficacious for helping smokers to quit the habit. Physical exercise is one of the low-cost nonpharmacologic strategies in rehabilitation therapies in several diseases and its practice offers a way of combating the harmful effects of smoking on health. Studies have shown that physical exercise helps reduce the intensity of some of the main symptoms that may arise when a smoker attempts to quit, yet doctors and sport therapists are generally unaware of this benefit and do not know how to prescribe exercise appropriately. This study aims to present the reasons why physical exercise should be considered as a useful nonpharmacologic aid in combatting the symptoms of smoking and smoking cessation, to review the relevant literature, and to outline basic guidelines that might serve to orient the prescription of physical exercise for smokers attempting to quit.

Keywords:
Exercise
Rehabilitation
Smoking
Resumen

El tabaco es una de las principales causas de mortalidad en los países industrializados y, sin embargo, no hay ningún tratamiento que sea completamente eficaz a la hora de ayudar a los fumadores a abandonar el hábito. El ejercicio físico es una de las estrategias no farmacológicas de bajo coste que se utilizan en el tratamiento de rehabilitación para varias enfermedades, y su práctica constituye un modo de combatir los efectos perjudiciales del tabaquismo sobre la salud. Los estudios han mostrado que el ejercicio físico ayuda a reducir la intensidad de algunos de los síntomas más importantes a que se enfrenta el fumador cuando intenta abandonar el hábito. No obstante, los médicos y terapeutas del deporte, por lo general, no son conscientes de este beneficio y desconocen cómo prescribir el ejercicio de una forma adecuada. En la presente revisión se pretende presentar las razones por las que el ejercicio físico debe contemplarse como un apoyo no farmacológico y útil para combatir los síntomas del tabaquismo y los relacionados con la deshabituación. Asimismo, se examina la bibliografía pertinente y se esbozan las directrices básicas que pudieran servir de orientación a la hora de prescribir el ejercicio físico a los fumadores que desean deshabituarse.

Palabras clave:
Ejercicio
Rehabilitación
Tabaquismo
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