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In spite of the fact that smoking is the main cause of obstetric morbidity and mortality, 20% of North American women smoke during pregnancy. In Spain, this figure is as high as 30% to 35%. Treating smoking addiction in these patients should be the first and most important therapeutic measure undertaken by health professionals responsible for the care of pregnant women. All experts recommend the use of nicotine replacement therapy when more conservative treatments have failed. This article reviews the indications and contraindications for nicotine replacement therapy during pregnancy as well as other issues relating to the safety of this type of treatment.
Key words:
Smoking
Pregnancy
Nicotine replacement therapy
El consumo de tabaco durante el embarazo es la principal causa de morbimortalidad obstétrica. A pesar de ello, el 20% de las mujeres norteamericanas fuman cuando están embarazadas, cifra que llega a ser de hasta el 30-35% en nuestro país. El tratamiento del tabaquismo en la mujer embarazada debe ser la primera y principal medida terapéutica que los profesionales sanitarios deben adoptar cuando prestan asistencia sanitaria a la embarazada. Todos los expertos recomiendan la utilización del tratamiento sustitutivo con nicotina en los casos en que hayan fracasado tratamientos más conservadores. A lo largo de este artículo se abordan las indicaciones y contraindicaciones del tratamiento sustitutivo con nicotina durante el embarazo, así como aspectos relativos a su seguridad de uso.
Palabras clave:
Tabaquismo
Embarazo
Tratamiento sustitutivo con nicotina
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