Lung Function and Symptoms of Exposure to the Volcanic Eruption in the Canary Islands: First Follow-Up of the ASHES Study

Candal-Pedreira, Cristina; Díaz-Pérez, David; Velasco, Valle; Casanova, Ciro; Acosta, Orlando; Peces-Barba, Germán; Barreiro, Esther; Cañas, Ana; Castaño, Argelia; Cruz Carmona, María Jesús; Diego, Carmen; Garcia-Aymerich, Judith; Martínez, Cristina; Molina-Molina, María; Muñoz, Xavier; Sánchez-Íñigo, Francisco Javier; Ruano-Ravina, Alberto

doi:10.1016/j.arbres.2024.05.002

Archivos de Bronconeumología

ISSN: 0300-2896

Archivos de Bronconeumologia is an international journal that publishes original studies whose content is based upon results of research initiatives dealing with several aspects of respiratory medicine including epidemiology, respiratory physiology, pathophysiology of respiratory diseases, clinical management, thoracic surgery, pediatric lung diseases, respiratory critical care, respiratory allergy and basic research. Other types of articles such as editorials, reviews, and different types of letters are also published in the journal. Additionally, the journal expresses the voice of the following scientific societies: the Spanish Respiratory Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR; https://www.separ.es/), the Latin American Thoracic Society (ALAT; https://alatorax.org/), and the Iberian American Association of Thoracic Surgery (AIACT; http://www.aiatorax.com/).

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Vol. 60. Issue 8.

Pages 475-482 (August 2024)

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Vol. 60. Issue 8.

Pages 475-482 (August 2024)

Original article

DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2024.05.002

Lung Function and Symptoms of Exposure to the Volcanic Eruption in the Canary Islands: First Follow-Up of the ASHES Study

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Cristina Candal-Pedreiraa, David Díaz-Pérezb, Valle Velascoc, Ciro Casanovad, Orlando Acostae, Germán Peces-Barbaf,g, Esther Barreirog,h, Ana Cañasi, Argelia Castañoi, María Jesús Cruz Carmonag,j, Carmen Diegok, Judith Garcia-Aymerichl,m,n, Cristina Martínezo, María Molina-Molinap, Xavier Muñozg,j, Francisco Javier Sánchez-Íñigoi, Alberto Ruano-Ravinaa,q,

Corresponding author

alberto.ruano@usc.es

Corresponding author.

a Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain

b Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery/Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de Candelaria University Teaching Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain

c Pediatric Pulmonology, Canary Islands University Teaching Hospital, Tenerife, Spain

d Department of Pulmonology/Research Unit, Nuestra Señora de Candelaria University Teaching Hospital, La Laguna University, Tenerife, Spain

e Department of Pulmonology, Canary Islands University Teaching Hospital, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain

f Department of Pulmonology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Teaching Hospital, Madrid, Spain

g Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias/CibeRes), Madrid, Spain

h Pulmonology Department-Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, Del Mar Hospital Medical Research Unit, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain

i National Center for Environmental Health, Carlos III Institute of Health, Majadahonda, Spain

j Department of Pulmonology, Vall d’Hebron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain

k Department of Pulmonology, Ferrol University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ferrol, Spain

l Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain

m Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain

n European Respiratory Society, Spain

o Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain

p Interstitial Lung Function Unit, Pulmonology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Bellvitge University Teaching Hospital, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain

q Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela), Spain

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Tables (3)

Table 1. Main characteristics of study participants.

Table 2. Logistic regression of symptoms during and after the eruption, by exposure group.

Table 3. Summary of prebronchodilator spirometry parameters and percentage of subjects with abnormal values.

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Additional material (1)

Abstract

Introduction

Exposure to gases and particulate matter released during volcanic eruptions can prove harmful to population health. This paper reports the preliminary results of the ASHES study, aimed at ascertaining the respiratory health effects of the 2021 volcanic eruption in La Palma Island (Spain) on the adult population without previous respiratory disease.

Methods

Ambispective cohort study on the healthy adult population. Three exposure groups were considered: Group 1, high exposure; Group 2, moderate exposure; and Group 3, minor or no exposure. We carried out a descriptive analysis of symptoms during and after the eruption, as well as measure lung function after the eruption (through forced spirometry and diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide).

Results

The analysis included 474 subjects: 54 in Group 1, 335 in Group 2, and 85 in Group 3. A significant increase in most symptoms was observed for subjects in the groups exposed during the eruption. After the eruption, this increase remained for some symptoms. There seems to be a dose-response relationship, such that the higher the exposure, the higher the odds ratio. A prebronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio<70% was observed in 13.0% of subjects in Group 1, 8.6% of subjects in Group 2, and 7.1% of subjects in Group 3.

Conclusions

This study is the first to report a dose-response relationship between exposure to volcanic eruptions and the presence of symptoms in adults. Furthermore, there is a tendency toward obstructive impairment in individuals with higher exposure.

Keywords:

Volcanic eruption

Respiratory health

Respiratory symptoms

Lung function

Pollutants

Exposure