array:23 [
  "pii" => "S1579212908600622"
  "issn" => "15792129"
  "doi" => "10.1016/S1579-2129(08)60062-2"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2008-01-01"
  "aid" => "60062"
  "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2008"
  "documento" => "article"
  "crossmark" => 0
  "subdocumento" => "fla"
  "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2008;44:360-3"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => false
    "ES2" => false
    "LATM" => false
  ]
  "gratuito" => false
  "lecturas" => array:2 [
    "total" => 2818
    "formatos" => array:3 [
      "EPUB" => 96
      "HTML" => 1731
      "PDF" => 991
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S1579212908600634"
    "issn" => "15792129"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S1579-2129(08)60063-4"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2008-01-01"
    "aid" => "60063"
    "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2008;44:364-70"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 2744
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 99
        "HTML" => 2020
        "PDF" => 625
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Articles</span>"
      "titulo" => "Computed Tomography-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation of Malignant Lung Lesions&#58; Early Experience"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "en"
        1 => "es"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "364"
          "paginaFinal" => "370"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "en" => true
        "es" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Jos&#233; M&#46; Galbis-Caravajal, Yolanda Pallard&#243;-Calatayud, Antonio Revert-Ventura, Jes&#250;s G&#46; Sales-Bad&#237;a, Rafael Esturi-Navarro, Mar&#237;a Cuenca-Torres"
          "autores" => array:6 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Jos&#233; M&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Galbis-Caravajal"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Yolanda"
              "apellidos" => "Pallard&#243;-Calatayud"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Antonio"
              "apellidos" => "Revert-Ventura"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Jes&#250;s G&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Sales-Bad&#237;a"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Rafael"
              "apellidos" => "Esturi-Navarro"
            ]
            5 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Mar&#237;a"
              "apellidos" => "Cuenca-Torres"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1579212908600634?idApp=UINPBA00003Z"
    "url" => "/15792129/0000004400000007/v1_201305150354/S1579212908600634/v1_201305150354/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S1579212908600610"
    "issn" => "15792129"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S1579-2129(08)60061-0"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2008-01-01"
    "aid" => "60061"
    "copyright" => "Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Neumolog&#237;a y Cirug&#237;a Tor&#225;cica &#40;SEPAR&#41;"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2008;44:353-9"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 2595
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 120
        "HTML" => 1905
        "PDF" => 570
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Articles</span>"
      "titulo" => "Acute Renal Failure in Lung Transplantation&#58; Incidence&#44; Correlation With Subsequent Kidney Disease&#44; and Prognostic Value"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "en"
        1 => "es"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "353"
          "paginaFinal" => "359"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "en" => true
        "es" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Alejandro Gonz&#225;lez Castro, Javier Llorca, Borja Suberviola Ca&#241;as, Borja Fern&#225;ndez-Miret, Felipe Zurbano, Eduardo Mi&#241;ambres"
          "autores" => array:6 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Alejandro Gonz&#225;lez"
              "apellidos" => "Castro"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Javier"
              "apellidos" => "Llorca"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Borja Suberviola"
              "apellidos" => "Ca&#241;as"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Borja"
              "apellidos" => "Fern&#225;ndez-Miret"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Felipe"
              "apellidos" => "Zurbano"
            ]
            5 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Eduardo"
              "apellidos" => "Mi&#241;ambres"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1579212908600610?idApp=UINPBA00003Z"
    "url" => "/15792129/0000004400000007/v1_201305150354/S1579212908600610/v1_201305150354/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:14 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Articles</span>"
    "titulo" => "Local Anesthesia in Arterial Puncture&#58; Nurses&#39; Knowledge and Attitudes"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "360"
        "paginaFinal" => "363"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "Antonio Vicente Valero Marco, Carmen Mart&#237;nez Castillo, Loreto Maci&#225; Soler"
        "autores" => array:3 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Antonio Vicente"
            "apellidos" => "Valero Marco"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "antonio&#46;valero&#64;ua&#46;es"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:3 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff1"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff2"
              ]
              2 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor1"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Carmen Mart&#237;nez"
            "apellidos" => "Castillo"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff3"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Loreto Maci&#225;"
            "apellidos" => "Soler"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff2"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:3 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Enfermer&#237;a&#44; Unidad de Hospitalizaci&#243;n de Neumolog&#237;a&#44; Hospital General Universitario&#44; Elche&#44; Alicante&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff1"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Escuela Universitaria de Enfermer&#237;a&#44; Universidad de Alicante&#44; Alicante&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff2"
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Enfermer&#237;a&#44; Unidad de Farmacia&#44; Hospital General Universitario&#44; Elche&#44; Alicante&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff3"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor1"
            "etiqueta" => "&#42;"
            "correspondencia" => "Correspondence&#58; Mr A&#46;V&#46; Valero Marco&#44; Servicio de Neumolog&#237;a &#40;5&#46;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span> planta&#44; izqda&#46;&#41; Hospital General Universitario&#44; Cam&#237; de l&#39;Almazara&#44; 11 03203 Elche&#44; Alicante&#44; Spain"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2007-06-22"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2008-01-08"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Key words"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec155309"
          "palabras" => array:5 [
            0 => "Nursing"
            1 => "Arterial blood gas analysis"
            2 => "Pain"
            3 => "Arterial puncture"
            4 => "Anesthesia"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "es" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec155310"
          "palabras" => array:5 [
            0 => "Enfermeria"
            1 => "Gasometria arterial"
            2 => "Dolor"
            3 => "Puncion arterial"
            4 => "Anestesia"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Local anesthesia is rarely used in arterial puncture&#44; even though it is recommended&#46; The aim of this study was to examine attitudes and beliefs among nurses and third-year undergraduate nursing students in hospital training regarding the use of local anesthesia when performing arterial puncture and to assess their knowledge of the technique&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Nurses and nursing students were issued a 15-item questionnaire consisting of 2 parts&#46; The first part contained questions on the nurse&#39;s use of local anesthesia when extracting arterial blood for analysis and the second part involved questions regarding technical knowledge of this test&#46; The results of nurses from the respiratory medicine department&#44; nurses from the rest of the hospital&#44; and nursing students were compared&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The questionnaire was answered by the 131 the nurses surveyed&#46; Valid questionnaires were returned by 17 of the 19 nursing students surveyed&#46; Questionnaires returned by nurses from the respiratory medicine department &#40;n&#61;ll&#41; were separated from those returned by the rest of nurses&#46; Local anesthesia was used routinely by 7 nurses &#40;5&#37;&#41;&#44; of whom 3 &#40;27&#37;&#41; belonged to the respiratory medicine department&#59; local anesthesia was not used by any of the nursing students&#46; The main reasons given by nurses for not using local anesthesia were lack of knowledge &#40;54&#37;&#41;&#44; need to perform 2 punctures when anesthesia is used &#40;11&#37;&#41;&#44; belief that the same amount of pain is caused with anesthesia &#40;8&#37;&#41;&#44; and success on the first attempt at arterial puncture &#40;7&#37;&#41;&#46; The main reason given by student nurses for not using local anesthesia was also lack of knowledge &#40;53&#37;&#41;&#44; followed by the fact that it was not used by the nurses &#40;24&#37;&#41;&#46; Most of those surveyed &#40;63&#37;&#41; indicated a desire to receive anesthesia should they undergo arterial puncture&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Local anesthesia is used very little in arterial puncture&#46; Knowledge about how to perform arterial blood extraction for blood gas analysis is insufficient and needs to be improved among both nurses and nursing students&#46; Nonetheless it is noteworthy that most of those surveyed indicated a preference for receiving local anesthesia if they were to undergo the procedure&#46; These data should be taken into consideration when training nurses to perform arterial puncture&#46;</p>"
      ]
      "es" => array:1 [
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Aunque se recomienda el uso de anestesia local para la realizaci&#243;n de la punci&#243;n arterial&#44; su empleo es muy escaso&#46; El pr&#243;posito del estudio ha sido conocer la actitud y los prejuicios sobre el empleo de la anestesia local para la realizaci&#243;n de la punci&#243;sn arterial entre los profesionales de enfermeria y alumnos de tercer curso de la diplomatura de enfermeria en practices hospitalarias en nuestro hospital&#44; asi como el grado de conocimiento de la t&#233;cnica&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se pas&#243; a enfermeros y estudiantes de enfermeria un cuestionario que constaba de 15 preguntas&#44; divididas en 2 partes&#58; una hacia referencia al uso de la anestesia local en la extracti&#243;n de una gasometria arterial&#44; y en la segunda se preguntaba por conocimientos t&#233;cnicos de la prueba&#46; Se compararon los resultados de los enfermeros de la Unidad de Neumologia con el resto de profesionales del hospital&#44; asi como de los profesionales y estudiantes de enfermeria&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Contestaron el cuestionario los 131 enfermeros encuestados&#46; De los 19 alumnos de tercer curso de enfermeria&#44; fueron validas 17 encuestas&#46; Del total de profesionales se separo a los enfermeros&#47;as de la Unidad de Neumologia &#40;n &#61; 11&#41;&#46; Utilizaban habitualmente anestesia local 7 profesionales &#40;5&#37;&#41;&#44; de los que 3 &#40;27&#37;&#41; pertenecian a la Unidad de Neumologia&#44; mientras que ning&#250;n alumno de enfermeria la usaba&#46; Entre los profesionales&#44; los principales motivos para no utilizer la anestesia fueron&#58; desconocimiento &#40;54&#37;&#41;&#44; necesidad de realizar 2 punciones si se usa anestesia &#40;11&#37;&#41;&#44; por considerar que produce el mismo dolor con anestesia &#40;8&#37;&#41; y por acertar en la primera puncion &#40;7&#37;&#41;&#46; En cuanto a los motivos de los alumnos de enfermeria&#44; el principal fue&#44; al igual que entre los profesionales&#44; el desconocimiento &#40;53&#37;&#41;&#44; seguido de la falta de uso por estos &#40;24&#37;&#41;&#46; La mayoria de los encuestados &#40;63&#37;&#41; querria que a ellos s&#233; se les aplicase anestesia en la punci&#243;n arterial&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El uso de la anestesia local es muy escaso&#46; Los conocimientos sobre la realizaci&#243;n de la gasometria arterial no son &#243;ptimos y deben mejorar tanto entre los profesionales como entre los estudiantes de enfermeria&#46; Sin embargo&#44; es de destacar que la mayoria de los entrevistados preferia que a ellos se les realizara la punci&#243;n arterial con anestesia local&#46; Estos datos deben tenerse en cuenta en el proceso formativo de los profesionales de enfermeria sobre la punci&#243;n arterial&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "References"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:1 [
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:10 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Gasometr&#237;a arterial"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "Grupo de trabajo de la SEPAR para la pr&#225;ctica de la gasometr&#237;a arterial"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Arch Bronconeumol"
                        "fecha" => "1998"
                        "volumen" => "34"
                        "paginaInicial" => "142"
                        "paginaFinal" => "153"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9611639"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib2"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "La punci&#243;n arterial en nuestro &#225;mbito&#58; seguimiento de la normativa SEPAR 1987"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "J Giner"
                            1 => "V Macian"
                            2 => "F Burgos"
                            3 => "A Berroj&#225;lbiz"
                            4 => "E Mart&#237;n"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Arch Bronconeumol"
                        "fecha" => "1994"
                        "volumen" => "30"
                        "paginaInicial" => "394"
                        "paginaFinal" => "398"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7987547"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib3"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Local anaesthetic infiltration prior to arterial puncture for blood gas analysis&#58; a survey of current practice and a randomised double blind placebo controlled trial"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "JV Lightowler"
                            1 => "MW Elliott"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J R Coll Physicians Lond"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "31"
                        "paginaInicial" => "645"
                        "paginaFinal" => "646"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9409498"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib4"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Use of local anesthesia for arterial punctures"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "TL Hudson"
                            1 => "SF Dukes"
                            2 => "K Reilly"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am J Crit Care"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "15"
                        "paginaInicial" => "595"
                        "paginaFinal" => "599"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17053266"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib5"
              "etiqueta" => "5"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "An audit of the patient&#39;s experience of arterial blood gas testing"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "A Crawford"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.12968/bjon.2004.13.9.12963"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Br J Nurs"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "13"
                        "paginaInicial" => "529"
                        "paginaFinal" => "532"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15215729"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib6"
              "etiqueta" => "6"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "Conseller&#237;a de Sanitat"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:4 [
                        "titulo" => "Gu&#237;a de actuaci&#243;n en enfermer&#237;a&#58; manual de procedimientos"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "editorial" => "Generalitat Valenciana"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "Valencia"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib7"
              "etiqueta" => "7"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Pain during arterial puncture"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "J Giner"
                            1 => "P Casan"
                            2 => "J Belda"
                            3 => "M Gonz&#225;lez"
                            4 => "RM Miralda"
                            5 => "J Sanchis"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Chest"
                        "fecha" => "1996"
                        "volumen" => "110"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1143"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1145"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8915211"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib8"
              "etiqueta" => "8"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Uso de la crema anest&#233;sica EMLA en la punci&#243;n arterial"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "J Giner"
                            1 => "P Casan"
                            2 => "J Belda"
                            3 => "H Litvan"
                            4 => "J Sanchis"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "47"
                        "paginaInicial" => "63"
                        "paginaFinal" => "66"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10769553"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib9"
              "etiqueta" => "9"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of topical amethocaine in reducing pain during arterial puncture"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "NQ Tran"
                            1 => "JJ Pretto"
                            2 => "CJ Worsnop"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Chest"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "122"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1357"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1360"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12377864"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib10"
              "etiqueta" => "10"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Topical tetracaine prior to arterial puncture&#58; a randomized placebo-controlled trial"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "SD Aaron"
                            1 => "KL Vandemheen"
                            2 => "SA Naftel"
                            3 => "MJ Lewis"
                            4 => "MA Rodger"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Respir Med"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "97"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1195"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1199"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14635973"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/15792129/0000004400000007/v1_201305150354/S1579212908600622/v1_201305150354/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => null
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/15792129/0000004400000007/v1_201305150354/S1579212908600622/v1_201305150354/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00003Z&text.app=https://archbronconeumol.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1579212908600622?idApp=UINPBA00003Z"
]
Share
Journal Information
Vol. 44. Issue 7.
Pages 360-363 (January 2008)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 44. Issue 7.
Pages 360-363 (January 2008)
Original Articles
Full text access
Local Anesthesia in Arterial Puncture: Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes
Visits
4988
Antonio Vicente Valero Marcoa,b,
Corresponding author
antonio.valero@ua.es

Correspondence: Mr A.V. Valero Marco, Servicio de Neumología (5.a planta, izqda.) Hospital General Universitario, Camí de l'Almazara, 11 03203 Elche, Alicante, Spain
, Carmen Martínez Castilloc, Loreto Maciá Solerb
a Enfermería, Unidad de Hospitalización de Neumología, Hospital General Universitario, Elche, Alicante, Spain
b Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
c Enfermería, Unidad de Farmacia, Hospital General Universitario, Elche, Alicante, Spain
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics
Objective

Local anesthesia is rarely used in arterial puncture, even though it is recommended. The aim of this study was to examine attitudes and beliefs among nurses and third-year undergraduate nursing students in hospital training regarding the use of local anesthesia when performing arterial puncture and to assess their knowledge of the technique.

Material and methods

Nurses and nursing students were issued a 15-item questionnaire consisting of 2 parts. The first part contained questions on the nurse's use of local anesthesia when extracting arterial blood for analysis and the second part involved questions regarding technical knowledge of this test. The results of nurses from the respiratory medicine department, nurses from the rest of the hospital, and nursing students were compared.

Results

The questionnaire was answered by the 131 the nurses surveyed. Valid questionnaires were returned by 17 of the 19 nursing students surveyed. Questionnaires returned by nurses from the respiratory medicine department (n=ll) were separated from those returned by the rest of nurses. Local anesthesia was used routinely by 7 nurses (5%), of whom 3 (27%) belonged to the respiratory medicine department; local anesthesia was not used by any of the nursing students. The main reasons given by nurses for not using local anesthesia were lack of knowledge (54%), need to perform 2 punctures when anesthesia is used (11%), belief that the same amount of pain is caused with anesthesia (8%), and success on the first attempt at arterial puncture (7%). The main reason given by student nurses for not using local anesthesia was also lack of knowledge (53%), followed by the fact that it was not used by the nurses (24%). Most of those surveyed (63%) indicated a desire to receive anesthesia should they undergo arterial puncture.

Conclusions

Local anesthesia is used very little in arterial puncture. Knowledge about how to perform arterial blood extraction for blood gas analysis is insufficient and needs to be improved among both nurses and nursing students. Nonetheless it is noteworthy that most of those surveyed indicated a preference for receiving local anesthesia if they were to undergo the procedure. These data should be taken into consideration when training nurses to perform arterial puncture.

Key words:
Nursing
Arterial blood gas analysis
Pain
Arterial puncture
Anesthesia
Objetivo

Aunque se recomienda el uso de anestesia local para la realización de la punción arterial, su empleo es muy escaso. El próposito del estudio ha sido conocer la actitud y los prejuicios sobre el empleo de la anestesia local para la realización de la punciósn arterial entre los profesionales de enfermeria y alumnos de tercer curso de la diplomatura de enfermeria en practices hospitalarias en nuestro hospital, asi como el grado de conocimiento de la técnica.

Material y métodos

Se pasó a enfermeros y estudiantes de enfermeria un cuestionario que constaba de 15 preguntas, divididas en 2 partes: una hacia referencia al uso de la anestesia local en la extractión de una gasometria arterial, y en la segunda se preguntaba por conocimientos técnicos de la prueba. Se compararon los resultados de los enfermeros de la Unidad de Neumologia con el resto de profesionales del hospital, asi como de los profesionales y estudiantes de enfermeria.

Resultados

Contestaron el cuestionario los 131 enfermeros encuestados. De los 19 alumnos de tercer curso de enfermeria, fueron validas 17 encuestas. Del total de profesionales se separo a los enfermeros/as de la Unidad de Neumologia (n = 11). Utilizaban habitualmente anestesia local 7 profesionales (5%), de los que 3 (27%) pertenecian a la Unidad de Neumologia, mientras que ningún alumno de enfermeria la usaba. Entre los profesionales, los principales motivos para no utilizer la anestesia fueron: desconocimiento (54%), necesidad de realizar 2 punciones si se usa anestesia (11%), por considerar que produce el mismo dolor con anestesia (8%) y por acertar en la primera puncion (7%). En cuanto a los motivos de los alumnos de enfermeria, el principal fue, al igual que entre los profesionales, el desconocimiento (53%), seguido de la falta de uso por estos (24%). La mayoria de los encuestados (63%) querria que a ellos sé se les aplicase anestesia en la punción arterial.

Conclusiones

El uso de la anestesia local es muy escaso. Los conocimientos sobre la realización de la gasometria arterial no son óptimos y deben mejorar tanto entre los profesionales como entre los estudiantes de enfermeria. Sin embargo, es de destacar que la mayoria de los entrevistados preferia que a ellos se les realizara la punción arterial con anestesia local. Estos datos deben tenerse en cuenta en el proceso formativo de los profesionales de enfermeria sobre la punción arterial.

Palabras clave:
Enfermeria
Gasometria arterial
Dolor
Puncion arterial
Anestesia
Full text is only aviable in PDF
References
[1]
Grupo de trabajo de la SEPAR para la práctica de la gasometría arterial.
Gasometría arterial.
Arch Bronconeumol, 34 (1998), pp. 142-153
[2]
J Giner, V Macian, F Burgos, A Berrojálbiz, E Martín.
La punción arterial en nuestro ámbito: seguimiento de la normativa SEPAR 1987.
Arch Bronconeumol, 30 (1994), pp. 394-398
[3]
JV Lightowler, MW Elliott.
Local anaesthetic infiltration prior to arterial puncture for blood gas analysis: a survey of current practice and a randomised double blind placebo controlled trial.
J R Coll Physicians Lond, 31 (1997), pp. 645-646
[4]
TL Hudson, SF Dukes, K Reilly.
Use of local anesthesia for arterial punctures.
Am J Crit Care, 15 (2006), pp. 595-599
[5]
A Crawford.
An audit of the patient's experience of arterial blood gas testing.
Br J Nurs, 13 (2004), pp. 529-532
[6]
Consellería de Sanitat.
Guía de actuación en enfermería: manual de procedimientos, Generalitat Valenciana, (2003),
[7]
J Giner, P Casan, J Belda, M González, RM Miralda, J Sanchis.
Pain during arterial puncture.
Chest, 110 (1996), pp. 1143-1145
[8]
J Giner, P Casan, J Belda, H Litvan, J Sanchis.
Uso de la crema anestésica EMLA en la punción arterial.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim, 47 (2000), pp. 63-66
[9]
NQ Tran, JJ Pretto, CJ Worsnop.
A randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of topical amethocaine in reducing pain during arterial puncture.
Chest, 122 (2002), pp. 1357-1360
[10]
SD Aaron, KL Vandemheen, SA Naftel, MJ Lewis, MA Rodger.
Topical tetracaine prior to arterial puncture: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
Respir Med, 97 (2003), pp. 1195-1199
Copyright © 2008. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
Archivos de Bronconeumología
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?