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Vol. 47. Issue 1.
Pages 10-16 (January 2011)
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Vol. 47. Issue 1.
Pages 10-16 (January 2011)
Original Article
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Factors Affecting the Response to Exercise in Patients with Severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Factores determinantes de la capacidad de ejercicio en pacientes con hipertensión arterial pulmonar severa
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Ángela Flox-Camachoa,
Corresponding author
angelaflox@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Pilar Escribano-Subíasa, Carmen Jiménez-López Guarcha, Almudena Fernández-Vaquerob, Dolores Martín-Ríosc, Carlos Sáenz de la Calzada-Campoa
a Servicio de Cardiología, Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Hipertensión Pulmonar y Trasplante Cardíaco, H.U. 12 de Octubre, Red de Investigación Cooperativa (REDINSCOR) del Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo de España, Madrid, Spain
b Dpto. de CC Biomédicas Básicas, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
c Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Fundación de Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Introduction

Ergospirometry objectively quantifies exercise capacity. Up until now, the response to exercise evaluated by ergospirometry in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension has only been described in recently-diagnosed patients.

We aimed to describe the response to exercise of patients with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension under specific treatment and define which parameters determine their exercise capacity.

Patients and method

Ours was a cross-sectional study including 80 patients, of whom 57 were women, with a mean age of 44 (13), with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (48 idiopathic, 14 rapeseed oil poisoning, 13 collagenosis, 5 human immunodeficiency virus). Mean pulmonary pressure at diagnosis was 61(15) mmHg and patients had received 49(33) months of treatment since diagnosis. NTproBNP was determined and echocardiography and ergospirometry were performed.

Results

Our patients, who were receiving specific treatment, presented typical behavior of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension on ergospirometry, although with less limitation in aerobic capacity and ventilatory efficiency. Being male (p = 0.004), presenting high ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide at the anaerobic threshold (p<0.001) and NTproBNP (p = 0.006) were all associated in the multivariate analysis with poorer peak oxygen uptake. Meanwhile, less time under treatment (p = 0.01), right ventricle dilatation (p<0.001) and high ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide at the anaerobic threshold (p<0.001) were associated with poorer percentage of predicted values.

Conclusions

In pulmonary arterial hypertension, right ventricle dysfunction (RV dilatation and high NTproBNP), ventilatory inefficiency, being male and recent diagnosis (implying less time receiving treatment) can be considered predictors for impaired functional capacity.

Keywords:
Pulmonary arterial hypertension
Ergospirometry
Echocardiography
Natriuretic peptides
Resumen
Introducción

La ergoespirometría cuantifica objetivamente la capacidad de ejercicio. Hasta ahora, solo se ha descrito el comportamiento al ejercicio mediante ergoespirometría en la hipertensión arterial pulmonar en pacientes recién diagnosticados.

El objetivo fue describir el comportamiento al ejercicio de pacientes con hipertensión arterial pulmonar severa bajo tratamiento y definir que parámetros lo determinan.

Pacientes y método

Estudio transversal realizado en 80 pacientes, 57 mujeres, 44 (13) años, con hipertensión arterial pulmonar severa (48 idiopática, 14 aceite colza, 13 colagenosis, 5 virus del sida), presión pulmonar media al diagnóstico 61 (15) mmHg y 49 (33) meses bajo tratamiento, en los que se determinó NTproBNP y realizó ecocardiograma y ergoespirometría.

Resultados

Nuestros pacientes, bajo tratamiento específico, presentaron el comportamiento típico de los pacientes con hipertensión arterial pulmonar en la ergoespirometría, aunque con menor limitación de capacidad aeróbica y de eficiencia ventilatoria. Ser varón (p = 0,004), presentar elevados equivalente ventilatorio de dióxido de carbono en el umbral anaeróbico (p < 0,001) y NTproBNP (p = 0,006) se asociaron al análisis multivariado con peor consumo de oxígeno en el máximo esfuerzo mientras que con peores cifras del valor porcentual respecto al predicho lo hicieron: menos tiempo de tratamiento (p = 0,01), la dilatación del ventrículo derecho (p < 0,001) y un elevado equivalente ventilatorio de dióxido de carbono en el umbral anaeróbico (p < 0,001).

Conclusiones

En la hipertensión arterial pulmonar, se pueden considerar predictores de peor capacidad funcional la disfunción ventricular derecha (dilatación del VD y elevación de NTproBNP), la ineficiencia ventilatoria, el sexo masculino y el reciente diagnóstico, que implica menor tiempo bajo tratamiento.

Palabras clave:
Hipertensión arterial pulmonar
Ergoespirometría
Ecocardiografía
Péptidos natriuréticos
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Copyright © 2011. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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