Original Article
Factors Associated with Asthma Control in Primary Care Patients in Spain: The CHAS study
Factores asociados con el control del asma en pacientes de atención primaria en España: el estudio CHAS
Francisco Javier González Barcalaa, Ramón de la Fuente-Cidb, Rosa Álvarez-Gilc, Mónica Tafallad, Javier Nuevod, Francisco Caamaño-Isornac,
Corresponding author
a Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Clínico, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
b Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Clínico, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
c CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBEREST), Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
d Unidad de Epidemiología, Departamento Médico, Astra Zeneca Farmacéutica Spain S.A., Spain
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"etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Epidemiología, Departamento Médico, Astra Zeneca Farmacéutica Spain S.A., Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Factores asociados con el control del asma en pacientes de atención primaria en España: el estudio CHAS" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2009-11-06" "fechaAceptado" => "2010-01-18" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec156072" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Asthma" 1 => "Epidemiology" 2 => "Primary care" 3 => "Risk factors" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec156071" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Asma" 1 => "Epidemiología" 2 => "Atención Primaria" 3 => "Factores de riesgo" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introduction</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Asthma control has been found to be inadequate in all populations studied to date and accounts for the majority of costs for this disease. The objective of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of poorly-controlled asthma in primary care patients and to identify some of the factors associated with this situation.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We conducted a transversal study that included asthmatic patients over 18 years of age who were monitored in primary care visits (n = 2159). Asthma control was evaluated using the Asthma Control Questionnaire. The demographic variables and the adherence to therapy were evaluated using a questionnaire. The OR for poorly controlled asthma was calculated using logistic regression using asthma control as the dependent variable, which was assessed using the ACQ score.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The prevalence of uncontrolled asthma was 63.8%. Risk factors for poorly-controlled asthma were treatment with oral corticosteroids (OR = 6.55), greater severity of asthma (OR = 3.11), the presence of a recent stressful event (OR = 2.44), a lesser importance given to compliance with therapy (OR = 1.66) and living in rural areas (OR = 1.29). In contrast, sex, age, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption and educational level did not show any influence over asthma control.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Asthma remains poorly controlled in Spain but some of the factors related to this situation could be changed by the healthcare system.</p>" ] "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introducción</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El control del asma es inadecuado en todas las poblaciones estudiadas hasta el momento actual, generando la mayor parte de los costes de la enfermedad. El obejtivo de nuestro estudio fue evaluar la prevalencia de asma mal controlada en pacientes de atención primaria, e identificar algunos factores asociados con este hecho.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Métodos</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Llevamos a cabo un estudio transversal, incluyendo pacientes asmáticos mayores de 18 años, seguidos en consultas de atención primaria (n = 2159). El control del asma se evaluó con el cuestionario “Asthma Control Questionnaire”. Las variables sociodemográficas y el cumplimiento terapéutico se evaluaron mediante un cuestionario. Mediante regresión logística se calcularon los OR de asma mal controlada; utilizando como variable dependiente el control del asma, valorado de acuerdo a la puntuación ACQ.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La prevalencia de asma no controlada fue del 63,9%. El tratamiento con corticoides orales (OR = 6,55), la mayor gravedad del asma (OR = 3,11), la presencia de un evento estresante reciente (OR = 2,44), una menor importancia otorgada al cumplimiento terapéutico (OR = 1,66) y vivir en un medio rural (OR = 1,29) fueron factores de riesgo para asma mal controlada. Por el contrario, el sexo, la edad, la obesidad, el tabaquismo, el consumo de alcohol y el nivel educacional no mostraron ninguna influencia sobre el control del asma.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En España el asma permanece mal controlada, y algunos de los factores relacionados con esta situación podrían ser modificables desde el sistema sanitario.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:45 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1." 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| 2024 October | 42 | 28 | 70 |
| 2024 September | 37 | 25 | 62 |
| 2024 August | 51 | 40 | 91 |
| 2024 July | 39 | 22 | 61 |
| 2024 June | 51 | 32 | 83 |
| 2024 May | 45 | 30 | 75 |
| 2024 April | 25 | 19 | 44 |
| 2024 March | 27 | 16 | 43 |
| 2024 February | 23 | 22 | 45 |
| 2023 March | 3 | 7 | 10 |
| 2023 February | 28 | 14 | 42 |
| 2023 January | 18 | 21 | 39 |
| 2022 December | 24 | 25 | 49 |
| 2022 November | 20 | 17 | 37 |
| 2022 October | 27 | 33 | 60 |
| 2022 September | 16 | 33 | 49 |
| 2022 August | 20 | 30 | 50 |
| 2022 July | 27 | 35 | 62 |
| 2022 June | 16 | 28 | 44 |
| 2022 May | 26 | 26 | 52 |
| 2022 April | 18 | 36 | 54 |
| 2022 March | 22 | 33 | 55 |
| 2022 February | 21 | 25 | 46 |
| 2022 January | 26 | 38 | 64 |
| 2021 December | 26 | 53 | 79 |
| 2021 November | 28 | 64 | 92 |
| 2021 October | 29 | 73 | 102 |
| 2021 September | 21 | 62 | 83 |
| 2021 August | 34 | 33 | 67 |
| 2021 July | 22 | 28 | 50 |
| 2021 June | 28 | 44 | 72 |
| 2021 May | 20 | 39 | 59 |
| 2021 April | 43 | 72 | 115 |
| 2021 March | 23 | 23 | 46 |
| 2021 February | 9 | 27 | 36 |
| 2021 January | 11 | 32 | 43 |
| 2020 December | 12 | 13 | 25 |
| 2020 November | 18 | 20 | 38 |
| 2020 October | 6 | 13 | 19 |
| 2020 September | 8 | 4 | 12 |
| 2020 August | 10 | 17 | 27 |
| 2020 July | 12 | 15 | 27 |
| 2020 June | 17 | 4 | 21 |
| 2020 May | 24 | 17 | 41 |
| 2020 April | 21 | 20 | 41 |
| 2020 March | 25 | 13 | 38 |
| 2020 February | 16 | 19 | 35 |
| 2020 January | 12 | 26 | 38 |
| 2019 December | 21 | 15 | 36 |
| 2019 November | 12 | 15 | 27 |
| 2019 October | 5 | 13 | 18 |
| 2019 September | 8 | 14 | 22 |
| 2019 August | 16 | 9 | 25 |
| 2019 July | 13 | 16 | 29 |
| 2019 June | 7 | 7 | 14 |
| 2019 May | 13 | 10 | 23 |
| 2019 April | 13 | 17 | 30 |
| 2019 March | 20 | 23 | 43 |
| 2019 February | 10 | 13 | 23 |
| 2019 January | 8 | 10 | 18 |
| 2018 December | 14 | 17 | 31 |
| 2018 November | 14 | 9 | 23 |
| 2018 October | 20 | 12 | 32 |
| 2018 September | 9 | 9 | 18 |
| 2018 May | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2018 April | 5 | 5 | 10 |
| 2018 March | 10 | 4 | 14 |
| 2018 February | 7 | 5 | 12 |
| 2018 January | 7 | 6 | 13 |
| 2017 December | 8 | 13 | 21 |
| 2017 November | 6 | 6 | 12 |
| 2017 October | 6 | 9 | 15 |
| 2017 September | 7 | 8 | 15 |
| 2017 August | 10 | 11 | 21 |
| 2017 July | 14 | 17 | 31 |
| 2017 June | 9 | 12 | 21 |
| 2017 May | 6 | 10 | 16 |
| 2017 April | 7 | 7 | 14 |
| 2017 March | 5 | 12 | 17 |
| 2017 February | 4 | 6 | 10 |
| 2017 January | 3 | 11 | 14 |
| 2016 December | 2 | 5 | 7 |
| 2016 November | 12 | 13 | 25 |
| 2016 October | 21 | 12 | 33 |
| 2016 September | 13 | 4 | 17 |
| 2016 August | 9 | 5 | 14 |
| 2016 July | 9 | 0 | 9 |
| 2016 May | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2016 April | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2016 March | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 2016 February | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2016 January | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2015 December | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2015 October | 39 | 16 | 55 |
| 2015 September | 38 | 10 | 48 |
| 2015 August | 39 | 9 | 48 |
| 2015 July | 47 | 9 | 56 |
| 2015 June | 38 | 5 | 43 |
| 2015 May | 42 | 7 | 49 |
| 2015 April | 26 | 9 | 35 |
| 2015 March | 41 | 5 | 46 |
| 2015 February | 42 | 5 | 47 |
| 2015 January | 41 | 5 | 46 |
| 2014 December | 26 | 7 | 33 |
| 2014 November | 50 | 5 | 55 |
| 2014 October | 41 | 10 | 51 |
| 2014 September | 42 | 8 | 50 |
| 2014 August | 28 | 11 | 39 |
| 2014 July | 28 | 8 | 36 |
| 2014 June | 49 | 14 | 63 |
| 2014 May | 68 | 12 | 80 |
| 2014 April | 47 | 5 | 52 |
| 2014 March | 59 | 11 | 70 |
| 2014 February | 54 | 8 | 62 |
| 2014 January | 36 | 4 | 40 |
| 2013 December | 44 | 10 | 54 |
| 2013 November | 36 | 9 | 45 |
| 2013 October | 49 | 8 | 57 |
| 2013 September | 38 | 12 | 50 |
| 2013 August | 40 | 11 | 51 |
| 2013 July | 54 | 12 | 66 |
| 2013 June | 39 | 13 | 52 |
| 2013 May | 36 | 8 | 44 |
| 2013 April | 41 | 5 | 46 |
| 2013 March | 14 | 3 | 17 |
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