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este estudio ha reclutado m&#225;s de 400 casos de CP en nunca fumadores y otros tantos controles&#44; convirti&#233;ndose en una fuente de conocimiento importante en la epidemiolog&#237;a del CP en este subgrupo de casos y en un modelo que puede servir de base para otros estudios multic&#233;ntricos&#44; muy deseables para investigar enfermedades poco frecuentes&#46; A continuaci&#243;n se destacan y comentan los principales hallazgos del estudio LCRINS relacionados predominantemente con el rad&#243;n residencial&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El rad&#243;n residencial es el segundo factor de riesgo del CP despu&#233;s del tabaco y el primero en nunca fumadores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#46; Hay otros factores de riesgo relevantes del CP&#44; como ciertas ocupaciones que entra&#241;an la exposici&#243;n fundamentalmente a asbesto&#44; hidrocarburos arom&#225;ticos polic&#237;clicos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#40;diesel exhaust&#41;</span>&#44; polvo de s&#237;lice o metales pesados y tambi&#233;n la exposici&#243;n al humo ambiental de tabaco&#46; Sin embargo&#44; las ocupaciones de riesgo son desempe&#241;adas por una parte peque&#241;a de la poblaci&#243;n &#40;que se ha reducido al eliminar la exposici&#243;n a humo ambiental de tabaco de la hosteler&#237;a&#41;&#46; La exposici&#243;n a humo ambiental de tabaco significa un riesgo cuantitativamente menor si se compara con el rad&#243;n interior&#44; y es menos ubicua&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Galicia&#44; junto con zonas de Madrid&#44; Extremadura y Castilla-Le&#243;n&#44; es una zona de elevado rad&#243;n debido a las caracter&#237;sticas geol&#243;gicas del subsuelo&#46; Otros estudios ya indicaban que la provincia de Ourense era la que presentaba mayor n&#250;mero de casos de CP en mujeres nunca fumadoras&#44; lo que podr&#237;a deberse a la exposici&#243;n a rad&#243;n interior&#44; aunque este no se hubiese medido<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La Organizaci&#243;n Mundial de la Salud establece como nivel de acci&#243;n 100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bq&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> y la Agencia de Protecci&#243;n Ambiental Norteamericana 148<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bq&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46; Como nivel de acci&#243;n se entiende una concentraci&#243;n a partir de la cual el rad&#243;n aumenta de manera importante el riesgo de CP&#46; Estos niveles de riesgo se basan en un estudio europeo que incluy&#243; m&#225;s de 7&#46;000 casos y 14&#46;000 controles que obtuvo un riesgo lineal y significativo de CP para la exposici&#243;n a rad&#243;n residencial&#44; de manera que este riesgo aumentaba un 16&#37; por cada 100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bq&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span> en la concentraci&#243;n de rad&#243;n interior<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sin embargo&#44; la mayor parte de las investigaciones realizadas hasta el inicio de LCRINS hab&#237;an incluido casos de CP en pacientes fumadores o exfumadores&#46; Este estudio ha permitido comprobar que existe mayor riesgo de CP tambi&#233;n en los nunca fumadores&#44; significativo a partir de los 200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bq&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> frente a sujetos expuestos a menos de 100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bq&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span> &#40;OR&#58; 2&#44;42&#59; IC 95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;45-4&#44;06&#41;&#44; lo que indica que el rad&#243;n es un factor de riesgo del CP&#46; Estos resultados indican que es necesario que los nunca fumadores est&#233;n expuestos a concentraciones de rad&#243;n superiores a las de los fumadores para inducir un CP&#46; En este estudio tambi&#233;n se observaron indicios de interacci&#243;n entre rad&#243;n residencial y exposici&#243;n a humo ambiental de tabaco&#46; Un an&#225;lisis en detalle de los casos incluidos permiti&#243; observar que los sujetos diagnosticados antes de los 60 a&#241;os ten&#237;an mayor concentraci&#243;n de rad&#243;n residencial que los diagnosticados a una edad superior&#44; apuntando que la exposici&#243;n a una concentraci&#243;n de rad&#243;n muy elevada podr&#237;a inducir precozmente un CP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a>&#46; Respecto a los tipos histol&#243;gicos&#44; hemos podido observar que el rad&#243;n residencial parece estar m&#225;s vinculado al c&#225;ncer microc&#237;tico y a otros tipos histol&#243;gicos menos frecuentes como el CP de c&#233;lulas grandes&#46; En cualquier caso&#44; la exposici&#243;n a rad&#243;n se asocia con todos los tipos histol&#243;gicos de CP en nunca fumadores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#44;11</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El estudio LCRINS tambi&#233;n ha permitido observar que podr&#237;a existir una influencia del rad&#243;n residencial en mutaciones o alteraciones en driver genes del CP&#46; Hemos observado que los pacientes con EGFR mutado frente a no mutado no se diferenciaban en cuanto a la concentraci&#243;n de rad&#243;n residencial pero s&#237; hab&#237;a diferencias cercanas a la significaci&#243;n para la concentraci&#243;n de rad&#243;n en pacientes con deleci&#243;n del ex&#243;n 19 frente a pacientes con la mutaci&#243;n puntual L858R&#44; que presentan menor concentraci&#243;n de rad&#243;n &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;057&#41;&#46; Tambi&#233;n hemos observado que los sujetos con ALK traslocado tienen casi el doble de concentraci&#243;n de rad&#243;n que los sujetos con ALK no traslocado&#44; aunque los resultados no han sido significativos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> &#40;hay una baja frecuencia de sujetos ALK positivos&#41;&#46; Habr&#225; que esperar a los resultados de futuras investigaciones para confirmar o no estos hallazgos&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Tambi&#233;n parece existir cierta modulaci&#243;n de la exposici&#243;n a rad&#243;n residencial por parte de genes de susceptibilidad del CP&#44; como los genes GSTM1 y GSTT1&#46; Investigaciones realizadas en Galicia y en otros lugares indican que&#44; para una misma exposici&#243;n a rad&#243;n&#44; aquellos sujetos con alguno de estos genes deleccionados presentan mayor riesgo de c&#225;ncer pulmonar&#44; de manera similar a lo que ocurre con los fumadores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13&#44;14</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La evidencia acumulada ha permitido postular que las escalas de riesgo de muerte o incidencia por CP deber&#237;an incluir la exposici&#243;n a rad&#243;n adem&#225;s del consumo de tabaco y otras muchas variables ya incluidas actualmente&#44; pero sin el mismo grado de asociaci&#243;n causal que el que presenta el rad&#243;n residencial<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El rad&#243;n es un factor de riesgo del CP&#44; tanto en fumadores como en nunca fumadores&#46; Debe pensarse en el rad&#243;n como causa de CP cuando se presenta un caso de CP en un nunca fumador&#44; especialmente en &#225;reas de elevada exposici&#243;n a rad&#243;n&#46; Desde un punto de vista pr&#225;ctico&#44; investigaciones como esta ponen de utilidad la investigaci&#243;n multic&#233;ntrica en neumolog&#237;a para enfermedades relativamente poco frecuentes como es el CP en nunca fumadores o el CP microc&#237;tico&#44; sobre el que hemos iniciado un estudio similar en 2015&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Financiaci&#243;n</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El estudio LCRINS ha sido financiado parcialmente por la Xunta de Galicia &#40;10CSA208057PR&#41;&#46; Parte del estudio se ha ejecutado con una beca Fulbright para investigadores senior concedida a Alberto Ruano Ravi&#241;a &#40;PRX14&#47;00365&#41;&#46; El protocolo ha sido aprobado por el Comit&#233; &#201;tico de Investigaciones Cl&#237;nicas de Galicia &#40;2010&#47;295&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Investigadores LCRINS</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Carmen Montero Mart&#237;nez &#40;A Coru&#241;a&#41;&#44; Iria Vidal Garc&#237;a &#40;A Coru&#241;a&#41;&#44; Olalla Castro A&#241;&#243;n &#40;Lugo&#41;&#44; Margarita Amenedo &#40;A Coru&#241;a&#41;&#44; Antonio Golpe G&#243;mez &#40;Santiago&#41;&#44; Francisco J Gonz&#225;lez Barcala &#40;Santiago&#41;&#44; Isaura Parente Lamelas &#40;Ourense&#41;&#44; Jos&#233; Abal Arca &#40;Ourense&#41;&#44; &#193;ngeles Rodr&#237;guez &#40;Pontevedra&#41;&#44; Mar&#237;a Torres-Dur&#225;n &#40;Vigo&#41;&#44; Virginia Leiro Fern&#225;ndez &#40;Vigo&#41;&#44; Mariano Provencio Pulla &#40;Majadahonda&#41;&#44; Rosirys Guzm&#225;n Taveras &#40;Oviedo&#41;&#44; Cristina Mart&#237;nez &#40;Oviedo&#41; y Mar&#237;a Jos&#233; Mejuto Mart&#237; &#40;Ferrol&#41;&#46;</p></span></span>"
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                          "etal" => true
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                            0 => "M&#46; Torres-Dur&#225;n"
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Editorial
Radón residencial y riesgo de cáncer de pulmón en nunca fumadores
Residential Radon and Risk of Lung Cancer in Never-Smokers
Alberto Ruano-Ravinaa,b,
Corresponding author
alberto.ruano@usc.es

Autor para correspondencia.
, Alberto Fernández-Villarc, Juan M. Barros-Diosa,b,d
a Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, España
b CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España
c Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Pontevedra, España
d Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, España
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La evidencia cient&#237;fica sugiere que el c&#225;ncer de pulm&#243;n &#40;CP&#41; en nunca fumadores es una entidad molecular diferente al que aparece en fumadores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a>&#46; En enero de 2011 comenz&#243; el estudio Lung Cancer Risk in Never Smokers &#40;LCRINS&#41;&#44; financiado competitivamente por la Xunta de Galicia con un dise&#241;o de casos y controles multic&#233;ntrico&#46; Participaron 10 hospitales de 3 comunidades aut&#243;nomas &#40;Galicia&#44; Asturias y Madrid&#41;&#46; Su objetivo era conocer los factores de riesgo del CP en nunca fumadores&#44; con especial &#233;nfasis en el rad&#243;n residencial y sus primeros resultados fueron publicados en <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">Archivos de Bronconeumolog&#237;a</span> en 2012<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Seis a&#241;os despu&#233;s&#44; este estudio ha reclutado m&#225;s de 400 casos de CP en nunca fumadores y otros tantos controles&#44; convirti&#233;ndose en una fuente de conocimiento importante en la epidemiolog&#237;a del CP en este subgrupo de casos y en un modelo que puede servir de base para otros estudios multic&#233;ntricos&#44; muy deseables para investigar enfermedades poco frecuentes&#46; A continuaci&#243;n se destacan y comentan los principales hallazgos del estudio LCRINS relacionados predominantemente con el rad&#243;n residencial&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El rad&#243;n residencial es el segundo factor de riesgo del CP despu&#233;s del tabaco y el primero en nunca fumadores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#46; Hay otros factores de riesgo relevantes del CP&#44; como ciertas ocupaciones que entra&#241;an la exposici&#243;n fundamentalmente a asbesto&#44; hidrocarburos arom&#225;ticos polic&#237;clicos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#40;diesel exhaust&#41;</span>&#44; polvo de s&#237;lice o metales pesados y tambi&#233;n la exposici&#243;n al humo ambiental de tabaco&#46; Sin embargo&#44; las ocupaciones de riesgo son desempe&#241;adas por una parte peque&#241;a de la poblaci&#243;n &#40;que se ha reducido al eliminar la exposici&#243;n a humo ambiental de tabaco de la hosteler&#237;a&#41;&#46; La exposici&#243;n a humo ambiental de tabaco significa un riesgo cuantitativamente menor si se compara con el rad&#243;n interior&#44; y es menos ubicua&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Galicia&#44; junto con zonas de Madrid&#44; Extremadura y Castilla-Le&#243;n&#44; es una zona de elevado rad&#243;n debido a las caracter&#237;sticas geol&#243;gicas del subsuelo&#46; Otros estudios ya indicaban que la provincia de Ourense era la que presentaba mayor n&#250;mero de casos de CP en mujeres nunca fumadoras&#44; lo que podr&#237;a deberse a la exposici&#243;n a rad&#243;n interior&#44; aunque este no se hubiese medido<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La Organizaci&#243;n Mundial de la Salud establece como nivel de acci&#243;n 100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bq&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> y la Agencia de Protecci&#243;n Ambiental Norteamericana 148<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bq&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0105"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46; Como nivel de acci&#243;n se entiende una concentraci&#243;n a partir de la cual el rad&#243;n aumenta de manera importante el riesgo de CP&#46; Estos niveles de riesgo se basan en un estudio europeo que incluy&#243; m&#225;s de 7&#46;000 casos y 14&#46;000 controles que obtuvo un riesgo lineal y significativo de CP para la exposici&#243;n a rad&#243;n residencial&#44; de manera que este riesgo aumentaba un 16&#37; por cada 100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bq&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span> en la concentraci&#243;n de rad&#243;n interior<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0110"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Sin embargo&#44; la mayor parte de las investigaciones realizadas hasta el inicio de LCRINS hab&#237;an incluido casos de CP en pacientes fumadores o exfumadores&#46; Este estudio ha permitido comprobar que existe mayor riesgo de CP tambi&#233;n en los nunca fumadores&#44; significativo a partir de los 200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bq&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> frente a sujetos expuestos a menos de 100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Bq&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span> &#40;OR&#58; 2&#44;42&#59; IC 95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;45-4&#44;06&#41;&#44; lo que indica que el rad&#243;n es un factor de riesgo del CP&#46; Estos resultados indican que es necesario que los nunca fumadores est&#233;n expuestos a concentraciones de rad&#243;n superiores a las de los fumadores para inducir un CP&#46; En este estudio tambi&#233;n se observaron indicios de interacci&#243;n entre rad&#243;n residencial y exposici&#243;n a humo ambiental de tabaco&#46; Un an&#225;lisis en detalle de los casos incluidos permiti&#243; observar que los sujetos diagnosticados antes de los 60 a&#241;os ten&#237;an mayor concentraci&#243;n de rad&#243;n residencial que los diagnosticados a una edad superior&#44; apuntando que la exposici&#243;n a una concentraci&#243;n de rad&#243;n muy elevada podr&#237;a inducir precozmente un CP<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a>&#46; Respecto a los tipos histol&#243;gicos&#44; hemos podido observar que el rad&#243;n residencial parece estar m&#225;s vinculado al c&#225;ncer microc&#237;tico y a otros tipos histol&#243;gicos menos frecuentes como el CP de c&#233;lulas grandes&#46; En cualquier caso&#44; la exposici&#243;n a rad&#243;n se asocia con todos los tipos histol&#243;gicos de CP en nunca fumadores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#44;11</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El estudio LCRINS tambi&#233;n ha permitido observar que podr&#237;a existir una influencia del rad&#243;n residencial en mutaciones o alteraciones en driver genes del CP&#46; Hemos observado que los pacientes con EGFR mutado frente a no mutado no se diferenciaban en cuanto a la concentraci&#243;n de rad&#243;n residencial pero s&#237; hab&#237;a diferencias cercanas a la significaci&#243;n para la concentraci&#243;n de rad&#243;n en pacientes con deleci&#243;n del ex&#243;n 19 frente a pacientes con la mutaci&#243;n puntual L858R&#44; que presentan menor concentraci&#243;n de rad&#243;n &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;057&#41;&#46; Tambi&#233;n hemos observado que los sujetos con ALK traslocado tienen casi el doble de concentraci&#243;n de rad&#243;n que los sujetos con ALK no traslocado&#44; aunque los resultados no han sido significativos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">12</span></a> &#40;hay una baja frecuencia de sujetos ALK positivos&#41;&#46; Habr&#225; que esperar a los resultados de futuras investigaciones para confirmar o no estos hallazgos&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Tambi&#233;n parece existir cierta modulaci&#243;n de la exposici&#243;n a rad&#243;n residencial por parte de genes de susceptibilidad del CP&#44; como los genes GSTM1 y GSTT1&#46; Investigaciones realizadas en Galicia y en otros lugares indican que&#44; para una misma exposici&#243;n a rad&#243;n&#44; aquellos sujetos con alguno de estos genes deleccionados presentan mayor riesgo de c&#225;ncer pulmonar&#44; de manera similar a lo que ocurre con los fumadores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13&#44;14</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La evidencia acumulada ha permitido postular que las escalas de riesgo de muerte o incidencia por CP deber&#237;an incluir la exposici&#243;n a rad&#243;n adem&#225;s del consumo de tabaco y otras muchas variables ya incluidas actualmente&#44; pero sin el mismo grado de asociaci&#243;n causal que el que presenta el rad&#243;n residencial<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El rad&#243;n es un factor de riesgo del CP&#44; tanto en fumadores como en nunca fumadores&#46; Debe pensarse en el rad&#243;n como causa de CP cuando se presenta un caso de CP en un nunca fumador&#44; especialmente en &#225;reas de elevada exposici&#243;n a rad&#243;n&#46; Desde un punto de vista pr&#225;ctico&#44; investigaciones como esta ponen de utilidad la investigaci&#243;n multic&#233;ntrica en neumolog&#237;a para enfermedades relativamente poco frecuentes como es el CP en nunca fumadores o el CP microc&#237;tico&#44; sobre el que hemos iniciado un estudio similar en 2015&#46;</p><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0005">Financiaci&#243;n</span><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El estudio LCRINS ha sido financiado parcialmente por la Xunta de Galicia &#40;10CSA208057PR&#41;&#46; Parte del estudio se ha ejecutado con una beca Fulbright para investigadores senior concedida a Alberto Ruano Ravi&#241;a &#40;PRX14&#47;00365&#41;&#46; El protocolo ha sido aprobado por el Comit&#233; &#201;tico de Investigaciones Cl&#237;nicas de Galicia &#40;2010&#47;295&#41;&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Investigadores LCRINS</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Carmen Montero Mart&#237;nez &#40;A Coru&#241;a&#41;&#44; Iria Vidal Garc&#237;a &#40;A Coru&#241;a&#41;&#44; Olalla Castro A&#241;&#243;n &#40;Lugo&#41;&#44; Margarita Amenedo &#40;A Coru&#241;a&#41;&#44; Antonio Golpe G&#243;mez &#40;Santiago&#41;&#44; Francisco J Gonz&#225;lez Barcala &#40;Santiago&#41;&#44; Isaura Parente Lamelas &#40;Ourense&#41;&#44; Jos&#233; Abal Arca &#40;Ourense&#41;&#44; &#193;ngeles Rodr&#237;guez &#40;Pontevedra&#41;&#44; Mar&#237;a Torres-Dur&#225;n &#40;Vigo&#41;&#44; Virginia Leiro Fern&#225;ndez &#40;Vigo&#41;&#44; Mariano Provencio Pulla &#40;Majadahonda&#41;&#44; Rosirys Guzm&#225;n Taveras &#40;Oviedo&#41;&#44; Cristina Mart&#237;nez &#40;Oviedo&#41; y Mar&#237;a Jos&#233; Mejuto Mart&#237; &#40;Ferrol&#41;&#46;</p></span></span>"
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ISSN: 03002896
Original language: Spanish
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