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27&#44;43<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7&#44;3 a&#241;os&#41;&#44; presentando la mayor&#237;a de ellos formas r&#225;pidamente progresivas&#44; con un desenlace fatal &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">exitus</span> o trasplante bipulmonar&#41; en el primer a&#241;o tras el diagn&#243;stico&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Si bien el perfil cl&#237;nico al diagn&#243;stico fue variable&#44; todos los pacientes presentaban un rasgo com&#250;n&#58; una DLCO severamente disminuida&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cabe destacar&#44; que el estudio de familiares revel&#243; un n&#250;mero elevado de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">exitus</span> en parientes sin estudio gen&#233;tico&#44; pero con historia sugestiva de EVOP&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; hemos encontrado un n&#250;mero alarmante de familiares &#40;59&#44;7&#37;&#41; portadores en heterocigosis de la mutaci&#243;n con el consiguiente riesgo de aparici&#243;n de nuevos casos de homocigotos en las generaciones futuras &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A d&#237;a de hoy la poblaci&#243;n gitana en Espa&#241;a se estima cercana a 750&#46;000 individuos distribuidos por todo el territorio<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;4</span></a>&#44; caracteriz&#225;ndose por una elevada tasa de consanguineidad&#46; Dado que la mutaci&#243;n descrita parece hasta la fecha propia de esta etnia y la severidad de la enfermedad&#44; se trata de un problema socio-sanitario potencialmente grave propio de esta poblaci&#243;n&#44; que podr&#237;a ser prevenido parcialmente mediante la realizaci&#243;n de un diagn&#243;stico gen&#233;tico precoz y un adecuado consejo gen&#233;tico dirigidos a reducir el n&#250;mero de nuevos casos afectos&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Por tanto&#44; en nuestro pa&#237;s&#44; creemos imprescindible mantener un elevado nivel de sospecha&#44; y recordar que ante un paciente de etnia gitana en estudio por disnea con historia familiar de HAP y DLCO severamente disminuida&#44; se debe excluir el diagn&#243;stico de la EVOP&#44; y es necesario realizar el estudio gen&#233;tico de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">EIF2AK4</span>&#44; estando contraindicada la biopsia pulmonar&#46; 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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">12&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Familia 2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Familia 3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">13&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Familia 4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Familia 5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Familia 6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">28&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">21&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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Carta al Director
Hallazgo de la mutación fundadora C.3344C>t(p.Pro1115Leu) en el gen EIF2KA4 en pacientes ibéricos de etnia gitana con enfermedad veno-oclusiva pulmonar: una llamada de atención a nuestra práctica diaria
Founder mutation C.3344C>t(p.Pro1115Leu) in the EIF2KA4 gene in iberian romani patients with pulmonary veno-occlusive disease: A warning for our daily practice
Paula Navasa,b,
Corresponding author
paulanavastejedor@gmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, Jose Julián Rodriguez Regueroc, Pilar Escribano Subíasd
a Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
b Red de investigación Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
c Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, España
d Unidad Multidisciplinar de Hipertensión Pulmonar, Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Red de investigación Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La enfermedad veno-oclusiva pulmonar &#40;EVOP&#41; es una forma poco com&#250;n de hipertensi&#243;n arterial pulmonar&#44; cuya incidencia es desconocida&#44; en parte debido a su infradiagn&#243;stico y clasificaci&#243;n err&#243;nea como hipertensi&#243;n arterial pulmonar idiop&#225;tica &#40;HAPI&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se distingue por una disminuci&#243;n marcada de la capacidad de difusi&#243;n de mon&#243;xido de carbono &#40;DLCO&#41; y un patr&#243;n radiol&#243;gico t&#237;pico&#44; afecta con mayor frecuencia al sexo masculino y presenta un curso m&#225;s agresivo que la HAPI<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46; Se han descrito m&#250;ltiples causas relacionadas con su desarrollo&#44; entre las que se encuentran alteraciones gen&#233;ticas&#44; habi&#233;ndose descrito recientemente la mutaci&#243;n en homocigosis o heterocigosis compuesta del gen <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">EIF2AK4</span> como causa de la EVOP&#44; que parece estar presente en el 25&#37; de las formas espor&#225;dicas y en el 100&#37; de las familiares&#44; mostrando un patr&#243;n de herencia autos&#243;mica recesiva y elevada penetrancia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nuestro grupo ha descrito una mutaci&#243;n fundadora en <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">EIF2AK4</span> C&#46;3344C&#62;T&#40;p&#46; Pro1115Leu&#41; en homocigosis en 18 pacientes de etnia gitana pertenecientes a 10 familias con elevada consanguineidad y varios miembros afectos &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla</a>&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Todos los pacientes desarrollaron la enfermedad en la edad adulta joven &#40;media&#58; 27&#44;43<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7&#44;3 a&#241;os&#41;&#44; presentando la mayor&#237;a de ellos formas r&#225;pidamente progresivas&#44; con un desenlace fatal &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">exitus</span> o trasplante bipulmonar&#41; en el primer a&#241;o tras el diagn&#243;stico&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Si bien el perfil cl&#237;nico al diagn&#243;stico fue variable&#44; todos los pacientes presentaban un rasgo com&#250;n&#58; una DLCO severamente disminuida&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cabe destacar&#44; que el estudio de familiares revel&#243; un n&#250;mero elevado de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">exitus</span> en parientes sin estudio gen&#233;tico&#44; pero con historia sugestiva de EVOP&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; hemos encontrado un n&#250;mero alarmante de familiares &#40;59&#44;7&#37;&#41; portadores en heterocigosis de la mutaci&#243;n con el consiguiente riesgo de aparici&#243;n de nuevos casos de homocigotos en las generaciones futuras &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A d&#237;a de hoy la poblaci&#243;n gitana en Espa&#241;a se estima cercana a 750&#46;000 individuos distribuidos por todo el territorio<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;4</span></a>&#44; caracteriz&#225;ndose por una elevada tasa de consanguineidad&#46; Dado que la mutaci&#243;n descrita parece hasta la fecha propia de esta etnia y la severidad de la enfermedad&#44; se trata de un problema socio-sanitario potencialmente grave propio de esta poblaci&#243;n&#44; que podr&#237;a ser prevenido parcialmente mediante la realizaci&#243;n de un diagn&#243;stico gen&#233;tico precoz y un adecuado consejo gen&#233;tico dirigidos a reducir el n&#250;mero de nuevos casos afectos&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Por tanto&#44; en nuestro pa&#237;s&#44; creemos imprescindible mantener un elevado nivel de sospecha&#44; y recordar que ante un paciente de etnia gitana en estudio por disnea con historia familiar de HAP y DLCO severamente disminuida&#44; se debe excluir el diagn&#243;stico de la EVOP&#44; y es necesario realizar el estudio gen&#233;tico de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">EIF2AK4</span>&#44; estando contraindicada la biopsia pulmonar&#46; 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                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Familia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Familia 5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Familia 6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">28&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">21&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Familia 7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Familia 8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Familia 9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Familia 10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Total&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">18&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">67&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">40&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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Article information
ISSN: 03002896
Original language: Spanish
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