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Carta al Director
Ceguera y sordera como manifestación inicial de un cáncer de pulmón no microcítico
Blindness and Deafness as Initial Manifestation of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Luisa Maria Nascimento
Corresponding author
lu_maria_nascimento@hotmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, Ricardo Reis, Ana Fernandes
Servicio de Neumología, Centro Hospitalario de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La carcinomatosis men&#237;ngea &#40;CM&#41; es una entidad devastadora infrecuente que se caracteriza por una infiltraci&#243;n maligna de las leptomeninges y el espacio subaracnoideo&#46; Aunque habitualmente se trata de un hallazgo tard&#237;o en pacientes con enfermedad diseminada conocida&#44; tambi&#233;n puede ser una manifestaci&#243;n inicial&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Presentamos el caso de una mujer no fumadora de 71 a&#241;os de edad&#44; con <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">situs inversus totalis</span>&#44; que fue hospitalizada en el servicio de neurolog&#237;a por p&#233;rdida visual y auditiva progresiva de 2 meses de evoluci&#243;n&#46; La exploraci&#243;n f&#237;sica mostr&#243; amaurosis e hipoacusia bilateral&#46; La tomograf&#237;a axial computarizada &#40;TAC&#41; cerebral no revel&#243; lesiones intracraneales &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a>A&#41; y la resonancia magn&#233;tica &#40;RM&#41; con gadolinio no mostr&#243; potenciaci&#243;n leptomen&#237;ngea focal o difusa ni lesiones tumorales&#46; Se efectu&#243; una punci&#243;n lumbar&#46; El an&#225;lisis anatomopatol&#243;gico del l&#237;quido cefalorraqu&#237;deo &#40;LCR&#41; revel&#243; la presencia de c&#233;lulas adenocarcinomatosas&#44; y las pruebas inmunohistoqu&#237;micas mostraron positividad al TTF-1 y a la citoqueratina 7&#44; ambos indicativos de un origen pulmonar&#46; La TAC tor&#225;cica revel&#243; una masa lobulada de 3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm en el l&#243;bulo inferior derecho &#40;LID&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a>B&#41;&#46; Se realiz&#243; una biopsia percut&#225;nea guiada mediante TAC&#44; con la intenci&#243;n de obtener tejido tumor adicional para la secuenciaci&#243;n de la mutaci&#243;n <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">EGFR</span>&#46; El an&#225;lisis histol&#243;gico mostr&#243; la ocupaci&#243;n del par&#233;nquima pulmonar por estructuras neopl&#225;sicas con caracter&#237;sticas de adenocarcinoma y tinci&#243;n difusa para TTF-1 y citoqueeratina 7&#46; Durante el ingreso hospitalario&#44; la paciente present&#243; una neumon&#237;a por aspiraci&#243;n y falleci&#243;&#46; Una semana m&#225;s tarde&#44; la biopsia de la masa del LID indic&#243; que el tumor albergaba una mutaci&#243;n <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">EGFR</span> G719C en el ex&#243;n 18&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La CM se diagnostica principalmente en pacientes con tumores hematol&#243;gicos y&#44; en segundo lugar&#44; en pacientes que padecen c&#225;ncer de mama o de pulm&#243;n<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46; Entre estos &#250;ltimos&#44; los pacientes con c&#225;ncer de pulm&#243;n microc&#237;tico son los que muestran un porcentaje m&#225;s alto de diseminaci&#243;n men&#237;ngea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46; La presentaci&#243;n con CM y sin met&#225;stasis en el par&#233;nquima cerebral es extremadamente rara en el c&#225;ncer de pulm&#243;n no microc&#237;tico &#40;CPNM&#41;&#46; Asimismo&#44; las notificaciones de ceguera y sordera simult&#225;neas son excepcionales en la literatura<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El pron&#243;stico es extremadamente malo y la modalidad de tratamiento &#243;ptima es dif&#237;cil de determinar&#44; debido a que la mayor parte de estudios que se han realizado han sido peque&#241;os y retrospectivos y&#44; en muchas ocasiones&#44; inclu&#237;an diversas pautas concomitantes&#46; En nuestro caso&#44; el empleo de inhibidores de la tirosincinasa &#40;ITC&#41; EGFR podr&#237;a haber tenido un efecto relevante sobre la evoluci&#243;n de la paciente&#44; pues estos f&#225;rmacos parecen ser particularmente eficaces&#44; y mejoran el estado funcional y la supervivencia de los pacientes con CPNM positivo al EGFR<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El informe ilustra un caso extremadamente raro de CPNM con CM y una manifestaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica tambi&#233;n excepcional&#44; ceguera y sordera simult&#225;neas en ausencia de met&#225;stasis en el par&#233;nquima cerebral y de cambios en la RM cerebral&#46;</p></span>"
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Article information
ISSN: 03002896
Original language: Spanish
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