Estudio de fiabilidad de una encuesta utilizada para valorar la prevalencia, los conocimientos y las actitudes sobre el tabaquismo en estudiantes de medicina
Reliability of a questionnaire on smoking to evaluate prevalence, knowledge and attitudes of medical students
D. Guilléna, I. Nerínb,
, A. Masa, A. Crucelaeguia
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isabelne@posta.unizar.es
Correspondencia: Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría. Facultad de Medicina, edificio B.Domingo Miral, s/n. 50009 Zaragoza. España
Correspondencia: Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría. Facultad de Medicina, edificio B.Domingo Miral, s/n. 50009 Zaragoza. España
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"apellidos" => "Nerín" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "isabelne@posta.unizar.es" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">¿</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Mas" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Crucelaegui" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Tabaquismo FMZ. Universidad de Zaragoza" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría. 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España" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Reliability of a questionnaire on smoking to evaluate prevalence, knowledge and attitudes of medical students" ] ] "miscelanea" => "Trabajo financiado por la Beca SEPAR-98" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2002-07-01" "fechaAceptado" => "2002-10-01" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec190357" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Tabaquismo" 1 => "Encuesta" 2 => "Fiabilidad" 3 => "Estudiantes de medicina" 4 => "Educación médica" ] ] ] "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec190358" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Smoking" 1 => "Questionnaire" 2 => "Reliability" 3 => "Medical students" 4 => "Medical education" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Evaluar la fiabilidad de una encuesta sobre tabaquismo en estudiantes de medicina en cuanto a la reproducibilidad de los resultados</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Método</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se diseñó una encuesta con 30 variables que medían tres dimensiones (prevalencia, conocimientos y actitudes hacia el tabaquismo) y se asignó una clave individual a cada cuestionario. Se encuestó a los alumnos de primero de medicina de Zaragoza en el curso 1997–1998. Para valorar la fiabilidad de la encuesta se aplicó un método test-retest, que consiste en realizar el mismo cuestionario a los mismos sujetos al cabo de un tiempo. Para medir el grado de concordancia test-retest se ha calculado el coeficiente kappa</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se realizó la encuesta inicial (test) a los alumnos de primero de medicina en el momento de la matrícula (181 encuestados) y a las 7 semanas se volvió a pasar el mismo cuestionario en el aula (retest) consiguiendo 43 cuestionarios. Las encuestas se emparejaron según la clave, consiguiendo emparejar 35 de los casos. La mayoría de las variables que se refieren a las características del tabaquismo, tales como prevalencia, cantidad de consumo, consonancia-disonancia, entre otras, presentan un grado de fiabilidad bueno. Las variables que miden el grado de conocimientos se valoran en su mayoría con un grado de fiabilidad aceptable, si bien hay tres en que ésta es baja. Respecto a las variables que evalúan las actitudes, la mitad aproximadamente presenta un grado de fiabilidad aceptable y la otra mitad, una fiabilidad baja</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La encuesta evaluada tiene, en general, un grado de fiabilidad bueno; esto se refiere a la reproducibilidad de los resultados, es decir, a la probabilidad de que un individuo responda de igual forma a la pregunta planteada en dos momentos distintos. No obstante, algunas de las variables que miden actitudes hacia el tabaquismo presentan un menor grado de fiabilidad y esta situación obliga a interpretar con prudencia los resultados obtenidos con dichas variables</p>" ] "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To evaluate the reliability and reproducibility of results obtained from a questionnaire on the smoking habits of medical students</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Method</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A questionnaire with 30 variables was designed to measure three main parameters: prevalence, knowledge and attitudes toward smoking. First-year medical students at the University of Zaragoza (1997–98 academic year) were asked to fill in the questionnaire, and a code was assigned to each individual respondent. A test-retest method was then used to assess reliability: the same questionnaire was answered by the subjects after a period of time had elapsed. The Kappa coefficient was calculated to measure agreement</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The questionnaire was filled in by 181 students at registration and 7 weeks later by 43 students. The first- and second-time questionnaires for 35 individuals were matched by codes. Reliability was good for most variables related to the main characteristics of smoking (such as prevalence, number of cigarettes smoked daily and consonance-dissonance). Reliability was acceptable for most variables related to knowledge but was low for 3 items. Reliability was acceptable for half the items related to attitudes and low for half</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The questionnaire has a generally good level of reliability, with regard to reproducibility, or the likelihood that an individual will respond to an item in the same way at two different times. Some variables that measure attitudes toward smoking, however, are less reliable. Results obtained for those items should therefore be interpreted cautiously</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:40 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1." 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 7 | 4 | 11 |
| 2024 October | 33 | 37 | 70 |
| 2024 September | 26 | 18 | 44 |
| 2024 August | 50 | 44 | 94 |
| 2024 July | 39 | 39 | 78 |
| 2024 June | 65 | 31 | 96 |
| 2024 May | 55 | 33 | 88 |
| 2024 April | 29 | 29 | 58 |
| 2024 March | 37 | 40 | 77 |
| 2024 February | 28 | 31 | 59 |
| 2024 January | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 2023 December | 0 | 5 | 5 |
| 2023 November | 0 | 7 | 7 |
| 2023 October | 0 | 9 | 9 |
| 2023 September | 0 | 5 | 5 |
| 2023 August | 0 | 5 | 5 |
| 2023 July | 0 | 20 | 20 |
| 2023 June | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 2023 March | 4 | 4 | 8 |
| 2023 February | 23 | 28 | 51 |
| 2023 January | 28 | 34 | 62 |
| 2022 December | 33 | 30 | 63 |
| 2022 November | 30 | 21 | 51 |
| 2022 October | 32 | 26 | 58 |
| 2022 September | 26 | 26 | 52 |
| 2022 August | 28 | 40 | 68 |
| 2022 July | 40 | 41 | 81 |
| 2022 June | 34 | 31 | 65 |
| 2022 May | 27 | 35 | 62 |
| 2022 April | 56 | 32 | 88 |
| 2022 March | 40 | 44 | 84 |
| 2022 February | 27 | 20 | 47 |
| 2022 January | 28 | 27 | 55 |
| 2021 December | 17 | 39 | 56 |
| 2021 November | 21 | 46 | 67 |
| 2021 October | 23 | 56 | 79 |
| 2021 September | 23 | 54 | 77 |
| 2021 August | 11 | 34 | 45 |
| 2021 July | 22 | 31 | 53 |
| 2021 June | 15 | 42 | 57 |
| 2021 May | 15 | 40 | 55 |
| 2021 April | 31 | 48 | 79 |
| 2021 March | 53 | 30 | 83 |
| 2021 February | 28 | 22 | 50 |
| 2021 January | 30 | 13 | 43 |
| 2020 December | 21 | 15 | 36 |
| 2020 November | 7 | 6 | 13 |
| 2020 October | 4 | 17 | 21 |
| 2020 September | 20 | 22 | 42 |
| 2020 August | 21 | 9 | 30 |
| 2020 July | 24 | 21 | 45 |
| 2020 June | 16 | 10 | 26 |
| 2020 May | 21 | 20 | 41 |
| 2020 April | 22 | 11 | 33 |
| 2020 March | 22 | 19 | 41 |
| 2020 February | 26 | 17 | 43 |
| 2020 January | 24 | 32 | 56 |
| 2019 December | 21 | 23 | 44 |
| 2019 November | 17 | 42 | 59 |
| 2019 October | 8 | 23 | 31 |
| 2019 September | 15 | 27 | 42 |
| 2019 August | 17 | 11 | 28 |
| 2019 July | 17 | 27 | 44 |
| 2019 June | 15 | 16 | 31 |
| 2019 May | 23 | 33 | 56 |
| 2019 April | 27 | 39 | 66 |
| 2019 March | 9 | 15 | 24 |
| 2019 February | 6 | 26 | 32 |
| 2019 January | 12 | 17 | 29 |
| 2018 December | 8 | 23 | 31 |
| 2018 November | 17 | 24 | 41 |
| 2018 October | 24 | 21 | 45 |
| 2018 September | 15 | 17 | 32 |
| 2018 June | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2018 May | 11 | 1 | 12 |
| 2018 April | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 2018 March | 4 | 7 | 11 |
| 2018 February | 7 | 10 | 17 |
| 2018 January | 8 | 6 | 14 |
| 2017 December | 5 | 15 | 20 |
| 2017 November | 12 | 17 | 29 |
| 2017 October | 7 | 14 | 21 |
| 2017 September | 6 | 11 | 17 |
| 2017 August | 12 | 24 | 36 |
| 2017 July | 12 | 15 | 27 |
| 2017 June | 13 | 26 | 39 |
| 2017 May | 17 | 23 | 40 |
| 2017 April | 3 | 24 | 27 |
| 2017 March | 5 | 26 | 31 |
| 2017 February | 6 | 18 | 24 |
| 2017 January | 4 | 10 | 14 |
| 2016 December | 14 | 9 | 23 |
| 2016 November | 27 | 17 | 44 |
| 2016 October | 34 | 22 | 56 |
| 2016 September | 31 | 31 | 62 |
| 2016 August | 33 | 12 | 45 |
| 2016 July | 29 | 13 | 42 |
| 2016 June | 25 | 14 | 39 |
| 2016 May | 14 | 7 | 21 |
| 2016 April | 10 | 3 | 13 |
| 2016 March | 6 | 3 | 9 |
| 2016 February | 17 | 5 | 22 |
| 2016 January | 33 | 14 | 47 |
| 2015 December | 30 | 13 | 43 |
| 2015 November | 35 | 9 | 44 |
| 2015 October | 220 | 2 | 222 |
| 2015 September | 192 | 0 | 192 |
| 2015 August | 167 | 0 | 167 |
| 2015 July | 199 | 0 | 199 |
| 2015 June | 212 | 0 | 212 |
| 2015 May | 222 | 0 | 222 |
| 2015 April | 170 | 0 | 170 |
| 2015 March | 150 | 0 | 150 |
| 2015 February | 136 | 0 | 136 |
| 2015 January | 105 | 0 | 105 |
| 2014 December | 111 | 0 | 111 |
| 2014 November | 152 | 0 | 152 |
| 2014 October | 172 | 0 | 172 |
| 2014 September | 95 | 0 | 95 |
| 2014 August | 94 | 0 | 94 |
| 2014 July | 100 | 0 | 100 |
| 2014 June | 170 | 0 | 170 |
| 2014 May | 227 | 0 | 227 |
| 2014 April | 189 | 0 | 189 |
| 2014 March | 157 | 0 | 157 |
| 2014 February | 129 | 0 | 129 |
| 2014 January | 115 | 0 | 115 |
| 2013 December | 112 | 0 | 112 |
| 2013 November | 118 | 0 | 118 |
| 2013 October | 140 | 0 | 140 |
| 2013 September | 87 | 0 | 87 |
| 2013 August | 93 | 0 | 93 |
| 2013 July | 98 | 0 | 98 |
| 2013 June | 105 | 0 | 105 |
| 2013 May | 106 | 0 | 106 |
| 2013 April | 69 | 0 | 69 |
| 2013 March | 21 | 0 | 21 |
| 2000 January | 14795 | 0 | 14795 |
Show all
