EPOC: desde el nihilismo no justificado a un optimismo razonable
B. Celli*
Pulmonary and Critical Care Department. St. Elizabeth's Medical Center. Tufts University School of Medicine. Boston, MA. USA
Read
10317
Timeswas read the article
2131
Total PDF
8186
Total HTML
Share statistics
array:23 [ "pii" => "S0300289602752952" "issn" => "03002896" "doi" => "10.1016/S0300-2896(02)75295-2" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2002-12-01" "aid" => "75295" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica" "copyrightAnyo" => "2002" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "sco" "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2002;38:585-8" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 7604 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 80 "HTML" => 6807 "PDF" => 717 ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S0300289602752964" "issn" => "03002896" "doi" => "10.1016/S0300-2896(02)75296-4" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2002-12-01" "aid" => "75296" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2002;38:589-95" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 42554 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 72 "HTML" => 41313 "PDF" => 1169 ] ] "es" => array:7 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Normativa sobre diagnóstico y tratamiento del neumotórax" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "589" "paginaFinal" => "595" ] ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "colaborador" => "Grupo de Trabajo de la Separ" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289602752964?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" "url" => "/03002896/0000003800000012/v1_201307081546/S0300289602752964/v1_201307081546/es/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S0300289602752940" "issn" => "03002896" "doi" => "10.1016/S0300-2896(02)75294-0" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2002-12-01" "aid" => "75294" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2002;38:580-4" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 7009 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 83 "HTML" => 6220 "PDF" => 706 ] ] "es" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Síndrome de bajo peso asociado a la EPOC en nuestro medio" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "580" "paginaFinal" => "584" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Low-weight syndrome associated with COPD in our setting" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "C. Coronell, M. Orozco-Levi, A. Ramírez-Sarmiento, J. Martínez-Llorens, J. Broquetas, J. Gea" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Coronell" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Orozco-Levi" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Ramírez-Sarmiento" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Martínez-Llorens" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Broquetas" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Gea" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289602752940?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" "url" => "/03002896/0000003800000012/v1_201307081546/S0300289602752940/v1_201307081546/es/main.assets" ] "es" => array:8 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "EPOC: desde el nihilismo no justificado a un optimismo razonable" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "585" "paginaFinal" => "588" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "B. Celli" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "B." "apellidos" => "Celli" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "entidad" => "Pulmonary and Critical Care Department. St. Elizabeth's Medical Center. Tufts University School of Medicine. Boston, MA. USA" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "*" "correspondencia" => "Correspondencia: Pulmonary and Critical Care Department. St. Elizabeth's Medical Center. Tufts University School of Medicine. Boston, MA. USA" ] ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:47 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention of chronic obstrtuctive pulmonary disease. NHLBI/WHO Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Workshop summay" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "R. Pawels" 1 => "A. Sonia Buist" 2 => "P. Calverley" 3 => "C. Jenkins" 4 => "S. Hurd" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.163.5.2101039" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "163" "paginaInicial" => "1256" "paginaFinal" => "1276" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11316667" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "2." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Optimal assessment and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => "N.M. Siafakas" 1 => "P. Vermeire" 2 => "N.B. Pride" 3 => "P. Paoletti" 4 => "J. Gibson" 5 => "P. Howard" 6 => "Force on behalf of the Task" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J" "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "8" "paginaInicial" => "1398" "paginaFinal" => "1420" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7489808" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "3." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Definitions, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and staging" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "colaboracion" => "American Thoracic Society" "etal" => false ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "152" "paginaInicial" => "S78" "paginaFinal" => "S83" ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0020" "etiqueta" => "4." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world: global burden of disease study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "C.J.L. Murray" 1 => "A.D. Lopez" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/S0140-6736(96)07493-4" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lancet" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "349" "paginaInicial" => "1269" "paginaFinal" => "1276" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9142060" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "5." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Effect of smoking intervention and the use of an inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator on the rate of decline of FEV1: the Lung Health Study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "N.R. Anthonisen" 1 => "J.E. Connett" 2 => "J.P. Kiley" 3 => "M. Altose" 4 => "W. Bailey" 5 => "A. Sonia Buist" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Jama" "fecha" => "1994" "volumen" => "272" "paginaInicial" => "1497" "paginaFinal" => "1505" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7966841" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "6." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A long term evaluation of once-daily inhaled tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "R. Casaburi" 1 => "D. Mahler" 2 => "P. Jones" 3 => "A. Wanner" 4 => "G. SanPedro" 5 => "R. ZuWallack" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "19" "paginaInicial" => "217" "paginaFinal" => "224" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11866001" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "7." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Efficacy of salmeterol xinoafate in the treatment of COPD" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "D. Mahler" 1 => "J. Donohue" 2 => "R. Barbee" 3 => "M. Goldman" 4 => "N. Gross" 5 => "M. Wisnewiski" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Chest" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "115" "paginaInicial" => "957" "paginaFinal" => "965" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10208192" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "8." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Quality of life changes in COPD patients treated with salmeterol" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "P. Jones" 1 => "T. Bosh" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.155.4.9105068" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "155" "paginaInicial" => "1283" "paginaFinal" => "1289" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9105068" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0045" "etiqueta" => "9." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "on behalf of the Dutch/Belgian tiotropium study group" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => "W. Vincken" 1 => "J. Van Noord" 2 => "A. Greefhorst" 3 => "T. Bantje" 4 => "S. Kesten" 5 => "L. Korducki" 6 => "a.l. et" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "19" "paginaInicial" => "209" "paginaFinal" => "216" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11871363" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0050" "etiqueta" => "10." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Salmeterol plus theophylline combination therapy in the treatment of COPD" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "R. ZuWallack" 1 => "D. Mahler" 2 => "D. Reilly" 3 => "N. Church" 4 => "A. Emmet" 5 => "K. Rickard" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Chest" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "119" "paginaInicial" => "1628" "paginaFinal" => "1630" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11399680" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0055" "etiqueta" => "11." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled study of fluticasone propionate in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the ISOLDE trial" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "P.S. Burge" 1 => "P.M. Calverley" 2 => "P.W. Jones" 3 => "S. Spencer" 4 => "J.A. Anderson" 5 => "T.K. Maslen" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Bmj" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "320" "paginaInicial" => "1297" "paginaFinal" => "1303" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10807619" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0060" "etiqueta" => "12." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Effect of inhaled triamcinolone on the decline in pulmonary function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "colaboracion" => "The Lung Health Study Research Group" "etal" => false ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1056/NEJM200012283432601" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "N Engl J Med" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "343" "paginaInicial" => "1902" "paginaFinal" => "1909" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11136260" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0065" "etiqueta" => "13." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bronchodilator reversibility, exercise performance and breathlessness in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J.G. Hay" 1 => "P. Stone" 2 => "J. Carter" 3 => "S. Church" 4 => "A. Eyre-Brook" 5 => "M.G. Pearson" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J" "fecha" => "1992" "volumen" => "5" "paginaInicial" => "659" "paginaFinal" => "664" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1628722" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0070" "etiqueta" => "14." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of a combination of ipratropium plus albuterol compared with ipratropium alone and albuterol alone in COPD" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M. Friedman" 1 => "C. Serby" 2 => "S. Menjoge" 3 => "J. Wilson" 4 => "D. Hilleman" 5 => "T. Witek" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Chest" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "115" "paginaInicial" => "635" "paginaFinal" => "641" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10084468" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0075" "etiqueta" => "15." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Spirometric correlates of improvement in exercise performance after anticholinergic therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "D. O'Donnell" 1 => "M. Lam" 2 => "K. Webb" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.160.2.9901038" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "160" "paginaInicial" => "542" "paginaFinal" => "549" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10430726" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0080" "etiqueta" => "16." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The effects of blood pressure reduction in older patients: an overview of five randomized controlled trials in elderly hypertensives" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "S. McMahon" 1 => "A. Rodgers" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Exper Hypertens" "fecha" => "1993" "volumen" => "15" "paginaInicial" => "967" "paginaFinal" => "978" ] ] ] ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0085" "etiqueta" => "17." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Effects of ACE inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and other blood-pressurelowering drugs: results of prospectively designed overviews of randomized trials" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "colaboracion" => "Blood pressure lowering treatment trialists' collaboration" "etal" => false ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lancet" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "356" "paginaInicial" => "1955" "paginaFinal" => "1964" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11130523" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0090" "etiqueta" => "18." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: are we going anywhere?" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "S. Rennard" 1 => "M. Carrera" 2 => "A. Agusti" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "16" "paginaInicial" => "1035" "paginaFinal" => "1040" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11292101" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0095" "etiqueta" => "19." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Continuous or nocturnal oxygen therapy in hypoxemic chronic obstructive lung disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "colaboracion" => "Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy Trial Group" "etal" => false ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ann Intern Med" "fecha" => "1980" "volumen" => "93" "paginaInicial" => "391" "paginaFinal" => "398" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6776858" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0100" "etiqueta" => "20." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy in chronic hypoxic cor pulmonale complicating chronic bronchitis and emphysema" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "colaboracion" => "Medical Research Council Working Party" "etal" => false ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lancet" "fecha" => "1981" "volumen" => "1" "paginaInicial" => "681" "paginaFinal" => "686" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2882097" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0105" "etiqueta" => "21." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Oxygen may improve dyspnea and endurance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and only mild hypoxemia" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "N.C. Dean" 1 => "J.K. Brown" 2 => "R.B. Himelman" 3 => "J.J. Doherty" 4 => "W.M. Gold" 5 => "M.S. Stulbarg" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm/146.4.941" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am Rev Respir Dis" "fecha" => "1992" "volumen" => "146" "paginaInicial" => "941" "paginaFinal" => "945" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1416422" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 21 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0110" "etiqueta" => "22." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Ventilatory muscle recruitment in exercise with O2 in obstructed patients with mild hypoxemia" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "G.J. Criner" 1 => "B.R. Celli" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Appl Physiol" "fecha" => "1987" "volumen" => "63" "paginaInicial" => "195" "paginaFinal" => "200" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3624124" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 22 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0115" "etiqueta" => "23." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Pulmonary rehabilitation: joint ACCP/AACVPR evidence-based guidelines" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A. Ries" 1 => "B. Carlin" 2 => "V. Carrieri-Kohlman" 3 => "R. Casaburi" 4 => "B. Celli" 5 => "C. Emery" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Chest" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "112" "paginaInicial" => "1363" "paginaFinal" => "1396" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9367481" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 23 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0120" "etiqueta" => "24." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Results at 1 year of outpatient multidisciplinary pulmonary rehabilitation: a randomised control trial" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "T. Griffith" 1 => "M. Burr" 2 => "I. Campbell" 3 => "V. Lewis-Jenkins" 4 => "Mullins" 5 => "K. Shiels" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lancet" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "355" "paginaInicial" => "362" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10665556" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 24 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0125" "etiqueta" => "25." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Noninvasive ventilation for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "L. Brochard" 1 => "J. Mancebo" 2 => "M. Wysocki" 3 => "F. Lofaso" 4 => "G. Conti" 5 => "A. Rauss" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1056/NEJM199509283331301" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "N Engl J Med" "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "333" "paginaInicial" => "817" "paginaFinal" => "822" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7651472" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 25 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0130" "etiqueta" => "26." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Randomised controlled trial of nasal ventilation in acute ventilatory failure due to chronic obstructive airways disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J. Bott" 1 => "M.P. Carroll" 2 => "J.H. Conway" 3 => "S. Keilty" 4 => "E. Ward" 5 => "A. Brown" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lancet" "fecha" => "1993" "volumen" => "341" "paginaInicial" => "1555" "paginaFinal" => "1557" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8099639" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 26 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0135" "etiqueta" => "27." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Randomized prospective trial of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in acute respiratory failure" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "N. Kramer" 1 => "T. Meyer" 2 => "J. Meharg" 3 => "R. Cece" 4 => "N.S. Hill" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.151.6.7767523" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "151" "paginaInicial" => "1799" "paginaFinal" => "1806" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7767523" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 27 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0140" "etiqueta" => "28." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "D. Geddes" 1 => "M. Davis" 2 => "H. Koyama" 3 => "D. Hansel" 4 => "V. Pastorino" 5 => "J. Pepper" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Effect of lung volume reduction surgery in patients with severe emphysema N Engl J Med" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "343" "paginaInicial" => "239" "paginaFinal" => "245" ] ] ] ] ] ] 28 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0145" "etiqueta" => "29." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Muscle weakness is related to utilization of health care resources in COPD patients" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "M. Decramer" 1 => "R. Gosselink" 2 => "T. Troosters" 3 => "M. Verschueren" 4 => "G. Evers" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "10" "paginaInicial" => "417" "paginaFinal" => "423" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9042643" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 29 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0150" "etiqueta" => "30." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Does right ventricular function predict survival in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease?" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "A.J. France" 1 => "R.J. Prescott" 2 => "W. Biernacki" 3 => "A.L. Muir" 4 => "W. MacNee" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Thorax" "fecha" => "1988" "volumen" => "43" "paginaInicial" => "621" "paginaFinal" => "626" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3175974" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 30 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0155" "etiqueta" => "31." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Weight loss is a reversible factor in the prognosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "A.M. Schols" 1 => "J. Slangen" 2 => "L. Volovics" 3 => "E.F. Wouters" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.157.6.9705017" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1998" "volumen" => "157" "paginaInicial" => "1791" "paginaFinal" => "1797" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9620907" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 31 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0160" "etiqueta" => "32." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prognosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "J.E. Hodgkin" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Chest Med" "fecha" => "1990" "volumen" => "11" "paginaInicial" => "555" "paginaFinal" => "569" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2205443" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 32 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0165" "etiqueta" => "33." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prognosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "N.R. Anthonisen" 1 => "E. Wright" 2 => "J.E. Hodgkin" 3 => "group the IPPB trial" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/arrd.1986.133.1.14" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am Rev Respir Dis" "fecha" => "1986" "volumen" => "133" "paginaInicial" => "14" "paginaFinal" => "20" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3510578" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 33 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0170" "etiqueta" => "34." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Intermittent positive pressure breathing therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "colaboracion" => "Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing Trial Group" "etal" => false ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ann Intern Med" "fecha" => "1983" "paginaInicial" => "612" "paginaFinal" => "620" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6357018" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 34 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0175" "etiqueta" => "35." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Variables related to increased mortality following outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "D.A. Gerardi" 1 => "L. Lovett" 2 => "M.L. Benoit-Connors" 3 => "J.Z. Reardon" 4 => "R.L. ZuWallack" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J" "fecha" => "1996" "volumen" => "9" "paginaInicial" => "431" "paginaFinal" => "435" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8730000" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 35 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0180" "etiqueta" => "36." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prognostic value of nutritional status in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "C. Landbo" 1 => "E. Prescott" 2 => "P. Lange" 3 => "J. Vestbo" 4 => "T.P. Almdal" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.160.6.9902115" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "160" "paginaInicial" => "1856" "paginaFinal" => "1861" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10588597" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 36 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0185" "etiqueta" => "37." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and health related quality of life" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M. Ferrer" 1 => "J. Alonso" 2 => "J. Morera" 3 => "R. Marrades" 4 => "A. Khalaf" 5 => "C. Aguar" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ann Int Med" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "127" "paginaInicial" => "1072" "paginaFinal" => "1079" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9412309" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 37 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0190" "etiqueta" => "38." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "acute exacerbation of COPD. Factors associated with poor treatment outcome" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "N. Dewan" 1 => "S. Rafique" 2 => "B. Kanwar" 3 => "H. Satpathy" 4 => "K. Ryschon" 5 => "G. Tillotson" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Chest" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "117" "paginaInicial" => "662" "paginaFinal" => "671" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10712989" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 38 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0195" "etiqueta" => "39." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Dyspnea in the patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "L. Sweet" 1 => "C.W. Zwillich" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Chest Med" "fecha" => "1990" "volumen" => "11" "paginaInicial" => "417" "paginaFinal" => "445" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1976053" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 39 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0200" "etiqueta" => "40." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Evaluation of clinical methods for rating dyspnea" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "D. Mahler" 1 => "C. Wells" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Chest" "fecha" => "1988" "volumen" => "93" "paginaInicial" => "580" "paginaFinal" => "586" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3342669" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 40 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0205" "etiqueta" => "41." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on physiologic and psychosocial outcomes inpatients with COPD" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "A. Ries" 1 => "R. Kaplan" 2 => "T. Limberg" 3 => "L. Prewitt" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ann Int Med" "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "122" "paginaInicial" => "823" "paginaFinal" => "832" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7741366" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 41 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0210" "etiqueta" => "42." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Comparison of discriminative properties among disease-specific questionnaires for measuring health-related quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "T. Hajiro" 1 => "K. Nishimura" 2 => "M. Tsukino" 3 => "A. Ikeda" 4 => "H. Koyama" 5 => "T. Izumi" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.157.3.9703055" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1998" "volumen" => "157" "paginaInicial" => "785" "paginaFinal" => "790" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9517591" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 42 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0215" "etiqueta" => "43." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Preoperative predictors of operative mortality in COPD patients undergoing bilateral lung volume reduction surgery" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "L. Szekely" 1 => "D. Oelberg" 2 => "C. Wright" 3 => "D. Johnson" 4 => "J. Wain" 5 => "B. Trotman- Dickenson" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Chest" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "111" "paginaInicial" => "550" "paginaFinal" => "558" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9118686" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 43 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0220" "etiqueta" => "44." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prognostic usefulness of the 6 minute walk in patients with advanced congestive heart failure secondary to ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M. Sha" 1 => "V. Hasselblad" 2 => "M. Gheorgiadis" 3 => "S. Adams" 4 => "K. Swedberg" 5 => "R. Califf" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Cardiol" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "88" "paginaInicial" => "987" "paginaFinal" => "993" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11703994" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 44 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0225" "etiqueta" => "45." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Clinical correlates and prognostic significance of 6 minute walk in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Comparison with cardiopulmonary exercise testing" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "S. Miyamoto" 1 => "N. Nagaya" 2 => "T. Satoh" 3 => "S. Kyotani" 4 => "F. Sakamaki" 5 => "M. Fujita" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.161.2.9906015" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "161" "paginaInicial" => "487" "paginaFinal" => "492" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10673190" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 45 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0230" "etiqueta" => "46." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Natural decline in 6 minutes walking distance in COPD" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "V. Pinto-plata" 1 => "M. Girish" 2 => "J. Taylor" 3 => "B. Celli" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1998" "volumen" => "158" "paginaInicial" => "A20" ] ] ] ] ] ] 46 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0235" "etiqueta" => "47." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "COPD patients the 6 minutes walking distance predicts health care resources utilization better than FEV1, MRC dyspnea scale and arterial blood gases" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "C.G. Cote" 1 => "B. Celli" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:4 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J" "fecha" => "1998" "volumen" => "14" "paginaInicial" => "A383" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "url" => "/03002896/0000003800000012/v1_201307081546/S0300289602752952/v1_201307081546/es/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "9232" "tipo" => "SECCION" "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Artículos especiales" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/03002896/0000003800000012/v1_201307081546/S0300289602752952/v1_201307081546/es/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00003Z&text.app=https://archbronconeumol.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289602752952?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 2024 October | 33 | 20 | 53 |
| 2024 September | 43 | 17 | 60 |
| 2024 August | 55 | 35 | 90 |
| 2024 July | 38 | 22 | 60 |
| 2024 June | 50 | 30 | 80 |
| 2024 May | 44 | 40 | 84 |
| 2024 April | 24 | 19 | 43 |
| 2024 March | 39 | 34 | 73 |
| 2024 February | 29 | 37 | 66 |
| 2024 January | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2023 December | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 2023 November | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 2023 October | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 2023 August | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 2023 July | 0 | 17 | 17 |
| 2023 June | 0 | 14 | 14 |
| 2023 March | 1 | 7 | 8 |
| 2023 February | 17 | 18 | 35 |
| 2023 January | 32 | 22 | 54 |
| 2022 December | 29 | 37 | 66 |
| 2022 November | 32 | 22 | 54 |
| 2022 October | 29 | 25 | 54 |
| 2022 September | 23 | 29 | 52 |
| 2022 August | 29 | 47 | 76 |
| 2022 July | 20 | 35 | 55 |
| 2022 June | 28 | 33 | 61 |
| 2022 May | 43 | 31 | 74 |
| 2022 April | 43 | 35 | 78 |
| 2022 March | 74 | 29 | 103 |
| 2022 February | 34 | 26 | 60 |
| 2022 January | 29 | 34 | 63 |
| 2021 December | 19 | 33 | 52 |
| 2021 November | 18 | 39 | 57 |
| 2021 October | 25 | 45 | 70 |
| 2021 September | 20 | 46 | 66 |
| 2021 August | 18 | 51 | 69 |
| 2021 July | 21 | 30 | 51 |
| 2021 June | 33 | 54 | 87 |
| 2021 May | 33 | 30 | 63 |
| 2021 April | 43 | 55 | 98 |
| 2021 March | 28 | 28 | 56 |
| 2021 February | 42 | 22 | 64 |
| 2021 January | 18 | 28 | 46 |
| 2020 December | 14 | 30 | 44 |
| 2020 November | 21 | 21 | 42 |
| 2020 October | 20 | 28 | 48 |
| 2020 September | 14 | 19 | 33 |
| 2020 August | 29 | 12 | 41 |
| 2020 July | 41 | 29 | 70 |
| 2020 June | 27 | 29 | 56 |
| 2020 May | 18 | 16 | 34 |
| 2020 April | 27 | 9 | 36 |
| 2020 March | 23 | 25 | 48 |
| 2020 February | 33 | 24 | 57 |
| 2020 January | 58 | 20 | 78 |
| 2019 December | 41 | 37 | 78 |
| 2019 November | 20 | 16 | 36 |
| 2019 October | 17 | 19 | 36 |
| 2019 September | 15 | 23 | 38 |
| 2019 August | 20 | 5 | 25 |
| 2019 July | 25 | 21 | 46 |
| 2019 June | 17 | 25 | 42 |
| 2019 May | 37 | 30 | 67 |
| 2019 April | 43 | 27 | 70 |
| 2019 March | 21 | 19 | 40 |
| 2019 February | 14 | 17 | 31 |
| 2019 January | 19 | 8 | 27 |
| 2018 December | 21 | 20 | 41 |
| 2018 November | 33 | 18 | 51 |
| 2018 October | 37 | 12 | 49 |
| 2018 September | 21 | 7 | 28 |
| 2018 May | 6 | 2 | 8 |
| 2018 April | 5 | 6 | 11 |
| 2018 March | 10 | 9 | 19 |
| 2018 February | 11 | 8 | 19 |
| 2018 January | 12 | 13 | 25 |
| 2017 December | 21 | 15 | 36 |
| 2017 November | 9 | 12 | 21 |
| 2017 October | 11 | 11 | 22 |
| 2017 September | 7 | 11 | 18 |
| 2017 August | 15 | 13 | 28 |
| 2017 July | 14 | 18 | 32 |
| 2017 June | 12 | 12 | 24 |
| 2017 May | 18 | 18 | 36 |
| 2017 April | 8 | 3 | 11 |
| 2017 March | 8 | 22 | 30 |
| 2017 February | 9 | 11 | 20 |
| 2017 January | 12 | 11 | 23 |
| 2016 December | 22 | 7 | 29 |
| 2016 November | 40 | 26 | 66 |
| 2016 October | 47 | 32 | 79 |
| 2016 September | 46 | 19 | 65 |
| 2016 August | 32 | 7 | 39 |
| 2016 July | 39 | 10 | 49 |
| 2016 June | 43 | 15 | 58 |
| 2016 May | 35 | 11 | 46 |
| 2016 April | 32 | 1 | 33 |
| 2016 March | 20 | 3 | 23 |
| 2016 February | 31 | 3 | 34 |
| 2016 January | 45 | 20 | 65 |
| 2015 December | 43 | 16 | 59 |
| 2015 November | 45 | 8 | 53 |
| 2015 October | 59 | 1 | 60 |
| 2015 September | 47 | 0 | 47 |
| 2015 August | 45 | 0 | 45 |
| 2015 July | 40 | 0 | 40 |
| 2015 June | 31 | 0 | 31 |
| 2015 May | 63 | 0 | 63 |
| 2015 April | 44 | 0 | 44 |
| 2015 March | 38 | 0 | 38 |
| 2015 February | 37 | 0 | 37 |
| 2015 January | 37 | 0 | 37 |
| 2014 December | 34 | 0 | 34 |
| 2014 November | 40 | 0 | 40 |
| 2014 October | 58 | 0 | 58 |
| 2014 September | 44 | 0 | 44 |
| 2014 August | 33 | 0 | 33 |
| 2014 July | 35 | 0 | 35 |
| 2014 June | 48 | 0 | 48 |
| 2014 May | 46 | 0 | 46 |
| 2014 April | 50 | 0 | 50 |
| 2014 March | 57 | 0 | 57 |
| 2014 February | 55 | 0 | 55 |
| 2014 January | 43 | 0 | 43 |
| 2013 December | 47 | 0 | 47 |
| 2013 November | 42 | 0 | 42 |
| 2013 October | 55 | 0 | 55 |
| 2013 September | 50 | 0 | 50 |
| 2013 August | 56 | 0 | 56 |
| 2013 July | 73 | 0 | 73 |
| 2013 June | 38 | 0 | 38 |
| 2013 May | 48 | 0 | 48 |
| 2013 April | 28 | 0 | 28 |
| 2013 March | 8 | 0 | 8 |
| 2000 January | 4185 | 0 | 4185 |
Show all
