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Vol. 33. Issue 5.
Pages 225-229 (May 1997)
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Vol. 33. Issue 5.
Pages 225-229 (May 1997)
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Concordancia citohistológica de la punción-aspiración pulmonar transtorácica con aguja fina (PAPTAF) en lesiones malignas
Cyto-histologic agreement with transthoracic fine needle aspiration of malignant pulmonary lesions
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J. Hernández Borge*, N. Peña Griñán, M. Huertas Cifredo, I. Alfageme Michavila, A. Vargas Puerto, F. Campos Rodríguez
Sección de Neumología. Hospital Universitario de Valme. Sevilla
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El objetivo de este estudio ha sido evaluar la concordancia citohistológica de la punción-aspiración pulmonar con aguja fina (PAPTAF) en lesiones malignas, así como su relación con el tipo de lesión, muestra e influencia en el manejo definitivo del paciente.

Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo de las PAPTAF realizadas durante 4 años y en las que se dispuso de una muestra biópsica (obtenida por broncofibroscopia, toracotomía o biopsia de órganos extrapulmonares) para comparar. Se recogió la concordancia global (CG) y según el tipo de neoplasia (CE). Se valoraron las características de la lesión, técnica de punción y material obtenido, en función de dicha concordancia.

Se dispuso de 80 muestras para comparar. La CG fue del 58,7% (K=0,17). La CE fue buena en el cáncer epidermoide (87%; K=0,64) y pobre en el adenocarcinoma (87,5%; K=0,30). La mayor discordancia se dio en el carcinoma indiferenciado de célula grande (10,3%; K=0,07). De tal forma que la PAPTAF fue incapaz de clasificar adecuadamente un 61,5% de los adenocarcinomas y un 21,6% de los carcinomas epidermoides. No obstante, la inexactitud citohistológica sólo fue clínicamente importante en 3 pacientes (3,7%). Las lesiones concordantes eran de mayor tamaño (4,6±2,2 frente a 4±1,6; p=NS), más cercanas a la pleura visceral (1,5±2,3 frente a 2±2,2cm; p=NS) y tendieron a biopsiarse con control TAC (el 65 frente al 35%), pero esto no influyó en las características ni en la cantidad de material obtenido.

Encontramos una CG pobre, a expensas del adenocarcinoma y del indiferenciado de célula grande. Aunque las discordancias sólo tuvieron importancia clínica en un 3,7% de los casos, las implicaciones que conllevan deben hacernos mejorar la especificidad de la técnica, sobre todo en el carcinoma microcítico. No hallamos diferencias en el tipo de lesión o muestra obtenida que pudiera predecir dificultades a la hora de interpretarlas.

Palabras clave:
Punción-aspirado pulmonar
Concordancia citohistológica

To assess agreement between cyto-histological results and fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of malignant pulmonary lesions, and to study the relation vvith type of lesion, specimen and impact on patient management.

Retrospective study of FNA performed over the past 4 years if a biopsy was available (obtained by fiberoptic bronchoscopy, thoracotomy or biopsy of extrapulmonary organs) for comparison. We recorded overall agreement (OA) and agreement by type of disease or neoplasm (DA). Also studied were the features of the lesion, the puncture technique and material obtained in function of agreement.

Eighty samples were available for comparison. OA was 58.7% (K=0.17). DA was good for epidermoid carcinoma (87%, K=0.64) and poor for adenocarcinoma (87.5%, K=0.30). The lowest agreement was for undifferentiated large cell carcinoma (10.3%, K=0.07). In such cases FNA specimens were not useful for classifying 61.5% of adenocarcinomas and 21.6% of epidermoid carcinomas. Cyto-histological inaccuracy was clinically significant, however, in only 3 (3.7%) patients. Lesions for which diagnosis was consistent were larger in size (4.6±2.2 versus 4±1.6cm, p=NS), were nearer to the visceral pleura (1.5±2.3 versus 2±2.2cm, p=NS) and tended to have been sampled with the guidance of computerized tomography (65% versus 35%), although this did not affect the features or amount of material obtained.

We found poor OA for adenocarcinoma and undifferentiated large cell carcinoma. Although disagreement was clinically significant in only 3.7% of cases, the implications indicate that the specificity of the technique should be improved, above all in small cell carcinomas. We observed no differences as to type of lesion or specimen obtained that might predict interpretive difficulties.

Key words:
Transthoracic needle aspiration
Cyto-histologic agreement
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Copyright © 1997. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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