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La punción aspirativa transtorácica (PAT) constituye un procedimiento efectivo y razonablemente seguro en el diagnóstico de la patología pulmonar.
Hemos estudiado las complicaciones en 873 pacientes a los que se realizó PAT. De ellos, 133 (15,2%) presentaron neumotórax de los que tan sólo el 13,5% fueron de carácter severo. Las lesiones de menor tamaño (1-2 cm) presentaron el mayor índice de neumotórax (29,6%), así como las lesiones periféricas (17,9%) frente a las centrales (11,7%).
El número de pases sobre la lesión fue decisivo en nuestra serie para la producción de neumotórax (8,2% con 1 pase, 17,7% con 2 pases y 21,9% con 3 pases) así como los antecedentes de broncopatía crónica (EPOC) (78,8%). Otras complicaciones fueron la hemoptisis (1,3%), hemorragia parenquimatosa (0,7%/), dolor (4,9%), vagotonía (0,9%), enfisema intersticial (0,1%) e hidroneumotórax (0,1%).
En nuestra serie no hubo ninguna complicación fatal, ni implante tumoral en el trayecto de punción. Se comparan nuestros resultados con los revisados en la literatura médica.
Transthoracic aspiration biopsy (TAB) constitutes a reasonable safe and effective procedure in the pulmonary pathology diagnosis. Complications in 873 patients with TAB have been studied. Pneumothorax was presented in 133 (15,2%) of them, but only 13,5% were important.
The smallest size lesions (1-2 cm) were the most frecuent of pneumothorax (29,6%) as well as the peripherycal lesions (17,9%) opposite central lesions (11,7%).
In our serie the number of passes over the lessions and POAC (78,8%) antecedents was decisive in pneumothorax apparition (8,2% with one pass, 17,7% with two passes, and 21,9% with three passes).
Other complications were: hemoptysis (1,3%), parenchymal hemorrhage (0,7%), pain (4,9%), vagotonic syndrome (0,9%), interstitial emphysema (0,1%) and hydropneumothorax (0,1%).
Any fatal complication or tumoral spreading in the biopsy path was reported in our serie.
Our results are compared with those of medical literature.
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